关键词： Conversational modeling   search engine   dataset   neural model  

摘要： In this article, we address the problem of answering complex information needs by conducting conversations with search engines, in the sense that users can express their queries in natural language and directly receive the information they need from a short system response in a conversational manner. Recently, there have been some attempts towards a similar goal, e.g., studies on Conversational Agents (CAs) and Conversational Search (CS). However, they either do not address complex information needs in search scenarios or they are limited to the development of conceptual frameworks and/or laboratory-based user studies. We pursue two goals in this article: (1) the creation of a suitable dataset, the Search as a Conversation (SaaC) dataset, for the development of pipelines for conversations with search engines, and (2) the development of a state-of-the-art pipeline for conversations with search engines, Conversations with Search Engines (CaSE), using this dataset. SaaC is built based on a multi-turn conversational search dataset, where we further employ workers from a crowdsourcing platform to summarize each relevant passage into a short, conversational response. CaSE enhances the state-of-the-art by introducing a supporting token identification module and a prior-aware pointer generator, which enables us to generate more accurate responses. We carry out experiments to show that CaSE is able to outperform strong baselines. We also conduct extensive analyses on the SaaC dataset to show where there is room for further improvement beyond CaSE. Finally, we release the SaaC dataset and the code for CaSE and all models used for comparison to facilitate future research on this topic.

关键词： Electricity load forecasting   Time series   Hodrick-Prescott Filter   Long short-term memory network   Quantum particle swarm optimization  

摘要： Accurate electricity load forecast plays an important role in the operation of a power system. Many factors influence the electricity load data such as air temperature, humidity and holidays, and they are taken as the explanatory variables in load forecasting cases traditionally. Search engine indices, a variable may be related to load data which has been never considered before in load forecasting, is discussed and utilized to increase the accuracy of power load prediction in this paper. Spearman's correlation coefficients and Granger test results verify the correlation between Google Trends (GT) and electricity load data. A methodology for processing GT time series with Hodrick-Prescott filter is proposed. To forecast electricity load with an adaptive network model in such a novel situation, we propose a long short-term memory neural network model based on quantum particle swarm algorithm. The performance of load forecast for Long Island region taking GT and weather data as input variables is compared with that taking only weather data as input variables, which shows that the introduction of GT improves short-term forecasting effectiveness significantly.

关键词： Search engine   virus propagation   dynamic method   community networks  

摘要： With the popularization of computers and the development of information engineering, the emergence of search engines makes it possible to get the information needed from big data quickly and efficiently. However, in recent years, a multiplicity of new viruses have been propagated by search engines. Many researchers choose to cut off the source of virus propagation, ignoring the virus immunization strategy based on the search engine. In this paper, we analyze the impact of search engines on virus propagation. First, considering the immune effect and cost, two kinds of immune mechanisms based on the search engine that have greater practicability are defined. Second, immune mechanisms based on the search engine are theoretically analyzed by the iteration method and the dynamic method. The results show that this immunization strategy can slow down or eliminate the propagation of a virus to a certain extent. Third, three real social network data sets are used to simulate and analyze the immune mechanism. We find that when the proportion of nodes being infected and the proportion of infected nodes being identified by the search engine satisfy a certain relationship, our immune mechanism can inhibit the spread of viruses, which confirms our theoretical analysis results.

关键词： Dark web   advertising   tor   raymond williams   search engines  

摘要： Drawing on Raymond William's concept of the 'magic system,' this article argues that advertising on the Dark Web is a 'dark magic system'. The article first defines 'Dark Web' and then analyzes over 300 banner advertisements appearing on Tor onion service search engines. The advertisements are categorized into navigation, individual vendors, services, and markets. Next, the article traces the associations the advertisements make between advertised objects and values. The predominant values the advertisements invoke include navigation, OPSEC politics, and a justification to exploit the openness of others. The article then traces the limits of the dark magic system, including the system's inability to offer metrics, the problems of 'onion cloners,' and the constant threat of scams. The article concludes with an argument that the dark magic system is incapable of addressing the sort of anonymized political communication the Dark Web might afford.

关键词： 性骚扰   游戏行业   福布斯   搜索引擎   90后   游戏开发商   经典游戏   兄弟会  

摘要： 动视暴雪(Activision Blizzard)的经典游戏作品为不少"80、90后"创造了美好的回忆,然而如今在搜索引擎中敲入"暴雪"二字,与之最紧密的关键词却是刺眼的"性骚扰"。昔日被用户誉为"暴雪出品必属精品"的美国游戏开发商巨头在今年7月却陷入了性骚扰与性别歧视女员工的舆论漩涡之中,而这起事件更是揭露出了游戏行业背后由来已久的"兄弟会文化"。汤姆·斯皮格(Tom Spiggle)在福布斯(Forbes)上发表的文章详尽解读了这一事件。

关键词： 增长引擎   纳斯达克   激烈竞争   发行价   搜索引擎   智能驾驶   百度   开盘价  

摘要： 从老牌搜索引擎巨头到AI公司,百度换了一个资本故事。但AI商业化仍有瓶颈,移动生态、智能云和智能驾驶三大增长引擎都面临激烈竞争,胜负仍是未知数3月23日,百度在港交所正式挂牌,完成二次上市。百度开盘价254港元每股,较发行价252港元上涨0.79%。2021年,是百度成立的第21个年头。从美国纳斯达克回到港交所,百度要讲一个新的资本故事。

关键词： 浏览器   搜索引擎   今日头条   悟空   独立研发   字节  

摘要： 近日,有消息称今日头条将重启“悟空”计划,成立“悟空浏览器”业务团队。该浏览器内将搭配独立研发的“悟空搜索”,成为字节跳动继“抖音搜索”和“头条搜索”后的又一款全新的搜索引擎。

关键词： 政务服务   搜索引擎   搜索引擎可见性   百度   谷歌   电子政务  

摘要： 【目的/意义】我国“互联网+政务服务”发展迅速,在线政务服务资源日益丰富,民众能否通过搜索引擎查找到政务服务是影响在线政务服务平台成效的重要因素。政务服务资源搜索的主要目标是“查准”,研究提出关于中美政务服务资源搜索引擎可见性的八个假设。【方法/过程】按照查找典型政务服务个人事项“申领机动车驾驶证”和法人事项“注册有限责任公司”的需求构造中英文关键词,分别通过百度和谷歌,以定位到中国各省和美国各州经济最发达城市为目标进行搜索实验,采集首页搜索结果并进行相关性评分。在此基础上进行搜索引擎搜索功能的统计分析,用非参数检验验证假设。【结果/结论】研究认为搜索引擎理解政务服务词汇的能力直接影响了其搜索水平,政务服务平台也可以通过搜索引擎优化提升可见性。【创新/局限】研究创新在于构建中英文关键词,直接采集百度和谷歌的搜索结果进行跨国比较研究,突破了以往同类研究的宽度和深度;局限主要在于相关性判断存在主观性和搜索对象的规模较小。

关键词： 国际互联网   搜索引擎   信息内容服务   政府信息化建设   互联网企业   区域信息化   顶层设计   数字福建  

摘要： 数字经济发展历程自1994中国接入国际互联网起算,近30年来,中国数字经济发展总体经历了四个阶段.第一阶段:1994-2003年以中国接入国际互联网为标志这一时期的数字经济以信息内容服务为主要特征,以新闻门户网站和搜索引擎为代表的互联网企业迅速涌现并发展壮大."数字福建"启动实施,区域信息化进入顶层设计发展阶段;金关、金卡、金桥等政府信息化建设正式启动,政府办公进入信息化支撑的发展阶段.