关键词： 聚苯胺   超交联   POSS   污水处理   染料吸附  

摘要： 本文使用笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)对中空聚苯胺(HPANI)进行改性制备了超交联中空聚苯胺(SHPANI)。通过等温吸附对HPANI以及SHPANI的比表面积进行了分析,明确了POSS在聚苯胺改性过程中的作用,发现POSS的添加可使聚苯胺表现出更大的比表面积和更强的吸附能力。研究了SHPANI对孔雀石绿(MG)和罗丹明B(RhB)的不同吸附能力并对其吸附速率进行分析,发现SHPANI在2h内即可吸附大量染料分子。通过对吸附过程的动力学分析,证明了染料分子是由SHPANI表面两个活性位点共同吸附的。

关键词： 城镇生活污水   城镇污水   城市生活污水   管网建设   收集和处理   美丽中国建设   运行维护  

摘要： 各市州、县市区人民政府:为贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于全面推进美丽中国建设有关部署,推进实施《住房和城乡建设部等5部门关于加强城市生活污水管网建设和运行维护的通知》(建城〔2024〕18号)和《湖南省城镇污水管网建设运行管理若干规定》,加快补齐城镇生活污水收集和处理设施短板,经省人民政府同意,现就推进城镇生活污水处理质效提升行动有关事项通知如下。

关键词： 超滤膜技术   环保工程   污水处理   应用  

摘要： 污水问题是城市环境中最为严重的威胁。特别是在最近的几年里,我国各大城市由于受到黑臭水的不断影响,导致了城市生态状况急剧恶化,已对城市生态环境及整体城市的发展带来了巨大的冲击。因此,在这样的大环境中,国内持续在城市污水处理方面进行技术探索。鉴于对超滤膜技术在污水处理领域的广大研究,我国已启动相关的研究项目。通过对技术的深入探讨和实践,已经证明超滤膜技术在城市污水处理中的效果显著。并且,由于技术持续进步,其处理污水效率也逐渐提升,这对技术的进一步发展具有至关重要的作用。

关键词： 城镇污水   污水处理   污泥处理  

摘要： 在当前的时代背景下,城镇中的污水处理厂主要负责的是污泥处理工作。污水处理的技术应用不仅关乎城市居民的身心健康,同时还对城市的可持续发展以及生态环境的保护工作起到了决定性的作用。近年来,随着城镇化发展进程的持续加快,污水处理场所面临的挑战也愈发严峻。由于污泥中包含丰富的病原体,重金属以及有机物等有害物质,如果不能予以妥善处理,将会造成后患无穷的后果。传统模式下的污泥处理方法包括焚烧,填埋,农用等,随着环保要求标准的逐步提高,如何能够制定出更高效,更环保更节约的污泥处理方案成为当前的首要问题。近年来科技的进步为污泥处理工作提供了更多的可能性,结合技术创新理念,能够针对物理展开减量化,资源化和无害化处理,有效缓解环境压力的同时,实现资源回收。与环境保护的共赢目标。

关键词： 镁铝层状双氢氧化物   催化剂   电池   药物释放   检测   污水处理   气体吸附  

摘要： 镁铝层状双氢氧化物(Mg-Al-LDH)是一种新型的二维层状纳米材料,具有比表面积大、吸附性强、热稳定性高、循环稳定性好等特点,在能源、医药、环境等领域具有良好的应用前景,可用作催化剂、电池材料、药物载体、分析检测试剂、污水处理剂、气体吸附剂等,其制备方法主要有共沉淀法、水热法、离子交换法等,其中共沉淀法操作简单、成本低、反应条件易控制,是一种常用的制备方法。同时,Mg-Al-LDH也存在易团聚、制备过程中废液量大、再生困难等缺点,目前其实验室相关研究较多,大规模工业化应用较少,后续需努力克服其缺点,使其便于大规模工业化应用。作者系统综述了近年来国内外Mg-Al-LDH的应用研究进展,可为其相关理论及应用研究提供参考。

关键词： Oral Leukoplakia   Mitophagy   Peroxiredoxin1   Prohibitin2   Reactive Oxygen Species  

摘要： Background: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is the most common oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), which can be malignantly transformed into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Peroxiredoxin1(Prx1) has been predicted to bind to Prohibitin2 (PHB2), which confers to affect OLK progression;however, the mechanism of Prx1/PHB2 mediated mitophagy involved in OLK remains unclear. Methods: This study aimed to explore the mechanism of the Prx1/PHB2 axis on senescence in OLK through mediating mitophagy. The positive rate of Ki67 and the expression of p21, p16, PHB2, and LC3 in human normal, OLK, and OSCC tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The mitophagy and mitochondrial function changes were then analyzed in Prx1 knockdown and Prx1C52S mutations in dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) cells treated with H 2 O 2 . In situ Proximity Ligation Assay combined with co-immunoprecipitation was used to detect the interaction between Prx1 and PHB2. Results: Clinically, the positive rate of Ki67 progressively increased from normal to OLK, OLK with dysplasia, and OSCC. Higher p21, p16, PHB2, and LC3 expression levels were observed in OLK with dysplasia than in normal and OSCC tissues. In vitro , PHB2 and LC3II expression gradually increased with the degree of DOK cell senescence. Prx1/PHB2 regulated mitophagy and affected senescence in H 2 O 2 -induced DOK cells. Furthermore, Prx1C52S mutation specifically reduced interaction between Prx1 and PHB2. Prx1Cys52 is associated with mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated and cell cycle arrest. Conclusion: Prx1Cys52 functions as a redox sensor that binds to PHB2 and regulates mitophagy in the senescence of OLK, suggesting its potential as a clinical target.

关键词： PHB   Bio-PBS   Blends   Degradation kinetics   Swelling dynamics   Electrospun mats  

摘要： Biodegradable blends of PHB/Bio-PBS were successfully electrospun with solvent system 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol as the solvent to obtain electrospun mats (EMs) of fiber diameters ranging from 534 +/- 135 to 181 +/- 84 nm. The addition of CaCl2 led to defect/bead free morphology of PHB and PHB/Bio-PBS blends with the exception for Bio-PBS at similar to 20 wt% concentration. Bio-PBS based electrospun mats with CaCl2 led to the lowest fiber diameter (due to high conductivity and low viscosity of solution). Further, our study indicates that PHB/Bio-PBS blends displayed shear-thinning behavior with reduction in solution viscosity which in turn remained in tune with increasing Bio-PBS concentration. DSC studies indicated a more significant drop in crystallinity for PHB/Bio-PBS blends and as well corroborated by WAXD. Mechanical properties were affected by immiscibility, resulting in lower tensile strength from similar to 4.0 to similar to 2.0 MPa and tensile modulus from similar to 186 to similar to 64 MPa, while strain-at-break increased from similar to 1.5 to similar to 46.5% with Bio-PBS content in PHB matrix. Electrospun mats with up to 50% Bio-PBS loading demonstrated optimal ductility and strength and also exhibited a tensile modulus comparable to that of cancellous bone. Additionally, the blend with similar to 50 wt% of Bio-PBS showed increased hydrophobicity (116 degrees) and decreased swelling characteristics (84%) compared to neat PHB (95 degrees and 124%). Hydrolytic degradation studies showed improved structural robustness and consistent morphology in Bio-PBS based electrospun mats even after 30 days in phosphate buffer solution compared to PHB based mats. Thus, up to 50 wt% Bio-PBS incorporation into Polyhydroxyalkanoates matrices, i.e. in the blends with 50:50 composition ratio the mats obtained showed enhanced pliability in combination with the desired extent of physico-mechanical properties and stiffness for soft bone tissue engineering.

ISBN: (纸本)9787112300877

摘要： 本书为新常态下污水处理厂工程总承包建设典范——石洞口污水处理厂二期工程，致力于分享一套超大型且复杂程度较高的污水处理厂工程总承包全生命周期管理方法，引领新常态下污水处理厂工程总承包的建设向专业化、规范化、国际化方向健康发展。面对新常态下污水处理厂污水处理、臭气处理、污泥处理处置的复杂难度，将技术与管理有机结合，阐述工程建设、勘察、设计、采购、施工、调试、数字化应用等各方面技术应用，进一步地，通过统筹-协调管理体系的建立，发挥其在我国污水处理厂乃至城镇给排水项目工程总承包建设的借鉴和引领作用。

关键词： Biodegradable polymers  

摘要： Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a bio-based linear aliphatic polyester that is broadly used in biomedical applications. A shortcoming of PLA is its brittleness and low toughness. Poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a microbial bioprocessed and biodegradable polyester. To enhance toughness of PLA, it was melt-blended with PHB-based thermoplastic elastomer in various proportions by using a twin-screw extruder. Scanning electron microscope images reveal that PLA forms a continuous phase in PLA/PHB blends reinforced with inclusions of PHB. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements demonstrate strong intermolecular interactions between PLA and PHB chains. Differential scanning calorimeter thermogramms show that PHB reduces the glass transition temperature of PLA and affects its crystalline structure. When the mass fraction of PHB was 20, the glass transition temperature of the blend decreased to 33.9°C. Rheological measurements demonstrate that blending of PLA with PHB changes qualitatively the dependence of its viscosity on shear rate. Quasi-static (uniaxial tension) and dynamic (impact) tests confirm that blending of PLA with PHB results in a noticeable (by a factor of three) increase in its impact toughness and causes transition from the brittle to ductile regime of fracture. When the mass fraction of PHB was 40, the impact toughness reached to 0.40 kJ/m2, almost 3 times to neat PLA. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： chirality   langmuir film   polymer single crystal   poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]  

摘要： While in nature, molecular chirality enables the formation of chiral macroscopic structures through crystallization and self-organization, such a transfer of molecular information to higher hierarchical levels is rarely observed in vitro. Here, the study reports on single crystals of microbially synthesized polyester poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate], which have chiral habits when grown at the air-water interface, in analogy to the 2D crystallization of chiral lipids such as DPPC. Depending on the crystallization conditions, the chiral single crystals either undergo a transition into fiber-like structures, orassemble into larger superstructures with a uniform sense of rotation. When poly((R)-3-hydoxybutyrate) crystallizes at low surface pressure in Langmuir films, it forms flat-on crystals with a uniform sense of curvature. While these crystals convert to edge-on crystals under isobaric conditions, elevated temperatures stabilize the flat-on orientation. The flat-on crystals assemble into superstructures with a uniform sense of curvature, enabling the transfer of chirality from the molecular almost to the millimeter scale. image