关键词： 层状双金属氢氧化物   LDH基催化剂   高级氧化技术   污水处理   新污染物  

摘要： 层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)是一类阴离子黏土,具有灵活的可调谐性、易于插入阴离子的交换性、良好的热稳定性和丰富的活性位点,已被广泛应用于高级氧化技术(AOPs)中,以降解水中的有机污染物特别是难降解的新污染物,并展现出优异的催化性能。为促进LDH基催化剂在水处理中的应用,综述了LDH基催化剂的性质、类型、合成方法及其在常见的AOPs(如非均相芬顿工艺、过硫酸盐活化和光催化)中降解新污染物的性能和机制。LDH基催化剂具有多种类型,其中LDH的金属氧化物(LDO)和纳米复合材料具有良好的分散性、易分离性和协同效应,有利于提高催化性能。选择性调控LDH基催化剂的组分和结构,不同的AOPs可通过不同的降解机制对污染物实现较高的去除效率。最后,指出开发绿色高效的合成方法和优化材料设计等是未来的研究方向。

关键词： 污水处理   智能控制   数字化赋能   数字化技术  

摘要： 在这个信息技术飞速发展的时代,利用现代技术提升污水处理效率和质量已成为人们必须面对的挑战与机遇。智能化、数字化技术在污水处理领域得到广泛应用,极大地提升了污水处理的效率和质量,降低了运营成本。文章旨在探讨污水处理企业智能化、数字化赋能的现状、挑战与未来发展趋势,通过分析具体案例,提出相应的策略和建议,为污水处理行业的可持续发展提供参考。

关键词： 还原性介体   固态氧化剂   有机污染物   强化去除   污水处理  

摘要： 基于强氧化剂的化学氧化技术是实现难降解有机污染物去除的有效手段。相比臭氧等气态氧化剂和过氧化氢等液态氧化剂,高锰酸盐等固态氧化剂具有寿命长、使用方便、泄漏风险低等优点,在去除水中难降解有机污染物方面极具优势。近年来,为进一步提高固态氧化剂去除难降解污染物的效能,通过添加还原性介体的方法增强氧化剂对有机污染物转化去除得到普遍认可,尤其是其在降解有机新污染物方面展现出的良好强化效能。为了促进该领域全面深入的研究,指导还原性介体强化法在水处理工程中更切合实际的推广与应用,对水处理领域涉及的几种还原性介体与固态氧化剂高锰酸盐、高铁酸盐和高碘酸盐的组合体系进行详细介绍与总结,并对还原性介体强化固态氧化剂体系在实际水处理工程中的应用进行总结与评述。

关键词： Bacterial PHB   Commercial Sugar cane Molasses   Biodegradable Polymer   Sustainability  

摘要： World population growth associated with unbridled consumption have led to notable increases in the use of petroleum-based plastics. Biodegradable polymers produced from sustainable and low-cost raw materials have been emerging as a key solution. The objective of this work was to obtain a polymer of microbial origin from an alternative and renewable source. Bacterial Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB-B) was produced by submerged culture of Cupriavidus necator using commercial sugarcane molasses (CSM) as a renewable substrate. A 22 factorial experimental design with three central point replications was conducted to identify the most favorable culture conditions. The 15 g.L-1 concentration of reducing sugar (RS) obtained from the CSM was effective as a carbon source, yielding (under stirring at 180 rpm and 30 degrees C) a maximum production of 35.70% PHB-B, while presenting the same functional groups and crystal structure as commercial grade Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB-C). The intensities obtained for the 2933 and 2975 cm-1 bands, suggested that PHB-C presents higher crystallinity than PHB-B. 1H and 13C NMR confirmed the identity of the bacterial biopolymer as Polyhydroxybutyrate. The diffraction peaks were less intense for PHB-B, and the peaks at (021) and (101) coalesced into a single peak at (111). The peak shapes indicated that PHB-B presents smaller and/or less perfect crystals than PHB-C. Considering the observed structural differences, the rigidity and flexibility of the biopolymers may differ. Bacterial PHB was produced using a low-pollution route. This resulted in a product which potentially expands the range of environmentally friendly PHB applications.

关键词： LncRNA   IAV   PHB1   USP30-AS1  

摘要： Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. Although evidence accumulated over the past decade shows that lncRNAs have key roles in the interaction between viruses and hosts, the functions of the majority of differentially expressed lncRNAs in response to viral infections remain uncharacterized so far. In this study, we have identified that USP30 antisense RNA 1 (USP30-AS1), a host antisense lncRNA, is hijacked by influenza A virus (IAV) to assist its replication. We show that USP30-AS1 is IAV-induced via the Janus protein tyrosine kinase-signal transducer and the activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway. Functionally, ectopic expression of USP30-AS1 significantly promotes IAV replication. Conversely, silencing USP30-AS1 suppresses IAV replication. Mechanistically, USP30-AS1 directly binds prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and modulates its protein stability and function. On the one hand, the binding of USP30-AS1 sequesters PHB1 away from the E3 ubiquitin ligase, tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21), thereby protecting the protein stability of PHB1. On the other hand, USP30-AS1 serves as a molecular scaffold for enhancing the interaction between PHB1 and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), which in turn impedes the nuclear import of IRF3. Therefore, our data unveil an important role of USP30-AS1 in promoting viral replication by modulating PHB1 stability and functions, providing a new insight into the role of lncRNAs in the interplay between IAV and host.

关键词： Indirubin   Polyhydroxybutyrate   PHB   Microbeads   Facial cleanser   Biodegradability  

摘要： In this study, we report the production of biodegradable microbeads using the poly [(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB) polymer. To introduce functionality, we engineered Escherichia coli strains to produce biodegradable PHB by expressing indole oxidase, enabling the synthesis of biodegradable polymers containing either indigo or indirubin. The formation of indigo or indirubin or both is dictated by the symmetrical or asymmetrical dimerization of oxidized indole products, which depends on the specific oxidation position. To increase the content of indirubin-a compound with known anticancer properties-relative to indigo (commonly used as a dye for denim), isatin was supplied during synthesis. This approach yielded indirubin-PHB biodegradable films with enhanced indirubin content. Furthermore, during the film fabrication process, photodegradation of indigo was induced, further enriching the relative indirubin content ratio. Using these indirubin-PHB films, biodegradable microbeads with diameters below 200 mu m was successfully produced. Characterization of these microbeads confirmed the incorporation of indirubin, resulting in functional biodegradable microbeads. Finally, a prototype facial cleanser containing indirubin-PHB microbeads was developed, suggesting the potential of these ecofriendly microbeads as cosmetic ingredients for future applications.

关键词： 污水处理厂   扩建工程   满水试验   生物池   初沉池   二沉池  

摘要： 文章以武川县可可以力更镇污水处理厂扩建工程为例,探讨生物池、初沉池和二沉池的满水试验方法及其改进措施.通过分区、分级加载方式、利用处理水进行试验、引入数值模拟技术和强化监测手段,优化试验流程,提高试验的准确性和可靠性.这些改进不仅有助于提前发现和解决潜在的结构问题,保障构筑物的长期稳定运行,对提高污水处理厂的运行效率和改善出水水质也具有积极影响.同时,利用处理水进行试验,可实现成本控制和水资源循环利用,体现出绿色施工和可持续发展的理念.希望文章的研究成果可以为污水处理厂扩建工程提供宝贵经验和参考.

关键词： Biodegradation   Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)   Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET)   PETase   MHETase   Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)  

摘要： The abundant production of plastic materials, coupled with their recalcitrant nature, makes plastic waste a major challenge as a pollutant. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a polyester formed by polycondensation of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). This plastic polymer can be completely depolymerized to its monomers using microbial enzymes. In this study, we verified in silico and in vivo that the bacterium Comamonas testosteroni RW31 is able to assimilate TPA and to produce the bioplastic polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). This bacterium was engineered to heterologously express a fusion of the PET-degrading enzymes FAST-PETase and Is MHETase. We verified that our strain successfully secretes the enzymes and depolymerize PET both in vitro and in vivo, achieving a weight loss of 37.1 % and 0.83 %, respectively. We also studied its capacity to form biofilm. Furthermore, our strain can employ bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), an intermediate of PET degradation, as feedstock to accumulate PHB up to 12.03 % of its dry weight in 14 h. Our findings highlight C. testosteroni RW31 as a promising chassis for synthetic biology strategies aimed at upcycling PET waste.

关键词： Rhodopseudomonas palustris   Cereibacter sphaeroides   Cereibacter johrii   Ingested p & acirc   t & eacute   olive cake (IPOC)   Biopolymers   Resource recovery  

摘要： This study evaluated the ability of six purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to convert olive oil by-products into poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Strains were first independently cultivated in synthetic media with different carbon sources (acetic, lactic and malic acid) to assess their physiology and PHB production. Subsequently, their growth and PHB production using ingested p & acirc;t & eacute;olive cake (IPOC) as a substrate were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations were conducted on strains cultivated on IPOC to investigate their cell morphologies and inclusion bodies presence and size. Rhodopseudomonas palustris strains accumulated up to 6.8% w PHB/w cells with acetate and 0.86% w PHB/w cells with a daily productivity of 0.54 mg PHB L(-)1 culture d(-)1 on IPOC. In contrast, Cereibacter johrii and Cereibacter sphaeroides reached 58.64% w PHB/w cells and 65.45% w PHB/w cells with acetate, respectively, while C. sphaeroides achieved 21.48% w PHB/w cells and a daily productivity of 10.85 mg PHB L(-)1 culture d(-)1 when cultivated on IPOC. All strains exhibited growth and PHB accumulation in both synthetic media and IPOC substrate. Specifically, R. palustris strains 42OL, AV33 and CGA009 displayed growth capability in all substrates, while C. johrii strains 9Cis and PISA 7, and C. sphaeroides F17 showed promising PHB synthesis capabilities. TEM observations revealed that R. palustris strains, with smaller cell and inclusion body sizes, exhibited lower PHB accumulations, while C. johrii and C. sphaeroides strains, characterized by larger cells and inclusion bodies, demonstrated higher PHB production, recognizing them as promising candidates for PHB production using olive oil by-products. Further investigations under laboratory-scale conditions will be necessary to optimize operating parameters and develop integrated strategies for simultaneous PHB synthesis and the co-production of value-added products, thereby enhancing the economic feas

关键词： 工业污水处理厂   化工废水   水解酸化   臭氧催化氧化  

摘要： 为解决化工园区综合工业污水处理问题,以南通经济技术开发区化工园区污水处理厂为例,对工业废水水质特点及处理设施效能进行研究,提出"预处理(分质处理)+二级处理(水解酸化+氧化沟+混凝沉淀)+深度处理(高级催化氧化+磁混凝高效沉淀池+反硝化滤池)+次氯酸钠消毒"的工艺路线,探讨了化工园区综合工业污水处理厂的部分设计要点,为国内类似化工园区的工业污水厂建设提供借鉴思路和案例参考.