摘要： P-1246

关键词： biomaterials   blends   polycaprolactone (PCL)   polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)   polylactic acid (PLA)  

摘要： This study provides a comprehensive investigation of antimicrobial additives (ZnO/AgNPs and SiO2/AgNPs) on the properties of biodegradable ternary blends composed of poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and polycaprolactone (PCL) by examining the morphology, thermal stability, crystallinity index, and cell viability of these blends. Overall, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that AgNPs and SiO2 exhibited comparable sizes, whereas ZnO was significantly larger, which influences their release profiles and interactions with the blends. The addition of antimicrobials influences the rheology of the blends, acting as compatibilizers by reducing the intermolecular forces between biopolymers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a matrix-core-shell structure, indicating enhanced interfacial interaction among the immiscible biopolymers, as predicted by their spreading coefficient. From thermal evaluations, PCL promotes overall thermal stability, where T5 (the temperature at which the sample loses 5% of its weight through thermal degradation) was more than 22% higher than T5 of blends, and the antimicrobials investigated tend to act as barriers to heat penetration, thereby influencing the degradation mechanism of the blends. Additionally, antimicrobials tend to increase material crystallinity, suggesting their nucleating effect. Both PLA and PCL have shown high viability for cell growth and proliferation. The 30/50/20 (PHB/PLA/PCL wt%) blends were conducive to cell adhesion and proliferation, achieving cell viability rates up to 85% irrespective of the antimicrobial concentration. SEM analysis also confirmed the presence of viable cells and attachment of organic cell structures over the surface of the produced materials. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of biodegradable ternary blends containing antimicrobial NPs, particularly for use in medical devices such as ureteral stents.

关键词： PHB depolymerase   Secretion   Escherichia coli   Caldimonas manganoxidans   Polyester degradation and recycling  

摘要： This study investigates the feasibility of PhaZCma (PHB depolymerase derived from Caldimonas manganoxidans) in developing the PHB degradation and recycling process. PhaZCma can be efficiently expressed and secreted at an OD 600 of 0.5 and using 0.05 mM IPTG. Extracellular PhaZCma exhibited enzyme activity within the range of 20-30 U/L, with a specific activity of ca. 0.5 U/mg-protein. The study shows robust enzyme stability, enduring at least five months without degradation. Due to PhaZCma's sensitivity to 3HB reported in this study, a batch-wise PHB degradation and recycling process is recommended. The results indicate that the timing of PHB addition in the batch-wise degradation process should consider the PHBeff/PhaZCma ratio, with a suggested threshold of 500 to ensure sufficient PHB adsorption sites for recycling PhaZCma. Ultimately, the research highlights the feasibility of polyester degradation and recycling using extracellular PhaZCma, as demonstrated by the conversion of recycled poly(lactic acid) (r-PLA) into lactic acid.

关键词： 精确加药控制系统   污水处理   水质提升  

摘要： 随着污水处理需求的日益增长，精确加药控制系统作为一种智能化水处理技术，对提高水质稳定度、提升处理效率和降低运行成本具有重要意义。结合精确加药控制系统的基本原理、组成和功能，剖析其在污水处理中的作用和技术要求，然后通过应用案例分析水质改善效果。在实际应用中，精确加药控制系统可以提高加药精度，降低药剂用量，动态调整水质。研究表明，精确加药控制系统不仅能够显著提高有机物降解效率，改善水质，还能节能减排，显著降低药剂使用成本，为污水处理行业的可持续发展提供有效支持。

关键词： 短程硝化反硝化   污水处理   节能改造  

摘要： 为实现污水处理的节能降耗和高效脱氮，对短程硝化反硝化技术在污水处理厂节能改造中的应用进行了研究，并根据案例进行了分析总结，为推动污水处理行业的技术进步和环保目标的达成提供了重要参考。

关键词： 异养硝化-好氧反硝化   代谢途径   污水处理   生物脱氮  

摘要： 异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌(HN-AD菌)的成功分离为污水脱氮提供崭新的技术思路。总结了近年来新发现的HN-AD菌生长特性及环境因素对其脱氮性能的影响，梳理了HN-AD菌氮代谢机制，重点阐述了个别HN-AD菌的独特氮代谢机理，基于此揭示了逆境环境下HN-AD菌筛选及从分子机理研究是未来主要方向；从应用角度出发，系统总结了HN-AD菌在生活污水、养殖废水、自然水体治理中的研究进展，分析了菌群调控、菌剂复配、菌藻共生等生物强化手段的应用现状；最后提出研究展望，应重视逆境环境下HN-AD菌筛选工作，深入研究氮代谢机理，其实际应用中与其他菌株的协同竞争关系等问题，探索HN-AD工艺应对实际环境水质波动等问题的方式，为未来实际污水处理提供理论依据与技术支撑。

关键词： 磁混凝   设备集成   机电安装   污水处理  

摘要： 本文结合某市政污水处理厂建设的实际经验，从机电设备集成的角度，分析了磁混凝技术工艺包在污水处理中的应用情况，包括工艺包设备的选型、安装调试及集成控制，并总结了一些机电设备集成过程中的经验。

关键词： 高寒地区   城镇生活污水   处理技术   生物处理   强化措施  

摘要： 高寒地区空气稀薄、寒冷干燥、紫外线辐射强，导致城镇生活污水处理效率较低且不稳定，给当地的城镇生活污水处理带来挑战，有必要对其城镇生活污水处理技术进行总结以提升处理效率。总结了我国高寒地区城镇生活污水处理技术应用现状，指出高寒地区城镇生活污水处理主要采用氧化沟、SBR、A2O、MBR系列工艺；阐释了污水处理中存在的微生物活性低、污泥膨胀、微生物丰度下降等问题；梳理出城镇生活污水处理强化措施包括调控工艺参数、改良工艺、设置保温措施、采用组合工艺、进行生物强化等。针对高寒地区低温影响生活污水处理效率问题，建议从低温下培养耐冷菌、采用SBR及MBR系列工艺、开发新工艺三方面开展研究，以强化污水处理效能；针对高寒地区低氧问题，建议从优化曝气系统、增加曝气时间、结合厌氧好氧工艺三方面开展研究。未来，绿色低碳技术的研发应用将为高寒地区城镇生活污水处理提供新的解决方案。

关键词： L-抗坏血酸   微生物制剂   保藏效果   活菌存活率   污水处理  

摘要： 为探索微生物制剂保质期的延长方法，提升制剂的长期保藏能力，围绕外源有机酸对实验室自制的混合液态脱氮微生物制剂展开试验，探究不同种类、浓度的外源酸对微生物制剂活性的影响，并验证其在模拟生活污水条件下的实际应用效果。研究结果表明，11.0%（v/v）L-抗坏血酸的添加，对微生物制剂的保藏效果达到最佳，经过6个月保藏后活菌数仍高达2.78×1010CFU，存活率是对照组的3.7倍。保藏效果优化的制剂应用于污水处理，兼氧条件下对总氮的去除可达23.5%，验证了L-抗坏血酸延长微生物制剂保质期的有效性。

关键词： 污水处理   低浓度废水  

摘要： 本文旨在探讨一种适用于涤纶工业丝污水处理的设计方案，该方案包括调节池、气浮池、A/O活性污泥法、二沉池、一体化高密度沉淀池、臭氧氧化以及生物滤罐等处理工艺。通过综合运用这些技术，实现了对低浓度污水的有效处理，达到了回用标准。