关键词： 医院   污水处理站   MBR膜处理工艺  

摘要： 为提高医院污水处理站建设的合理性与科学性,以山东中医药大学附属医院东院区新建污水处理站为例,分析东院区现有污水处理站存在的主要问题,阐明新建污水处理站选址的主要考虑因素,实地调查济南市4家综合医院污水处理站的处理工艺、处理量、运维方式等建设及运维情况,针对调查过程中发现的问题,提出污水处理站设计时两点需要注意的事项,并对医院污水处理的难点进行研究,以期为类似工程提供参考.

关键词： 污水污泥   土地利用   物质能量回收   建材利用  

摘要： 污泥的资源化不仅可以减少环境污染，还可以实现资源的再生产和再利用，促进经济可持续发展。在“双碳政策”的背景下，考量污泥处理处置的全过程降碳节能协同效果，选择污泥处理处置的最佳可行路径，是促进污泥处理处置向产业化、专业化、绿色化发展的重要举措。本文综述了城镇生活污水处理厂污泥资源化综合利用的不同路径，以期提供适应实际状况的最佳污泥处理处置路径组合，进而实现污泥处理处置高效、绿色、经济、环保的最终目的。

关键词： 人工湿地   海绵铁   锰砂   脱氮除磷   动态垂直流  

摘要： 铁、锰矿物在水处理领域的应用是近年来研究较多的课题，因其具有较强的离子交换、吸附和氧化等特点，被认为是具有应用潜力的基质材料。为比较铁、锰矿物在人工湿地中的脱氮除磷效果，本研究选用海绵铁、锰砂作为基质，进行吸附试验，并通过X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）探究基质的物相组成与表面形貌，旨在研究基质吸附过程中的特征与差异。结果表明：静态试验中，海绵铁、锰砂对总磷（TP）的吸附效果均优于氨氮(NH4+-N)，TP理论饱和吸附量分别达到587.38mg/kg、284.51mg/kg，解吸率仅为10%左右。动态垂直流试验中，海绵铁通过吸附作用以及金属矿物组分的共沉淀作用，能有效去除TP，可溶性磷酸盐（SRP）和颗粒磷（PP）也展现良好的去除效果，但受离子交换作用不足的限制，NH4+-N去除率均值仅40%左右。锰砂因其金属矿物组分、表面形貌特征和以化学吸附为主导的吸附机制，对不同污染物均有较强的吸附能力。此外，锰砂能有效去除芳香族蛋白中的大分子物质，改善DOM组分，净化水质。这些发现表明锰砂具有规模化、广泛应用的前景。

关键词： 鳗鱼养殖尾水   微藻   脱氮除磷   工艺优化  

摘要： 【背景】集约化鳗鱼养殖业造成了巨量含氮、磷污染物的尾水难以达标排放，成为制约行业发展的难题之一。近几年，光合微藻因其经济、绿色、高效的处理方式引起广泛关注。【目的】筛选鳗鱼养殖尾水高效脱氮除磷的微藻并优化工艺便于以后将其工程化应用。【方法】比较保存的衣藻（Chlamydomonas sp.） YC、链带藻（Desmodesmus sp.） PW1、凯氏小球藻（Chlorella sp.） FM2、以及索罗金小球藻（Chlorella sorokiniana）等15株微藻脱氮除磷性能，并对最佳接种浓度、初始pH、光照周期、光照强度等工艺优化。【结果】衣藻YC在鳗鱼养殖尾水处理中脱氮除磷效果最好，氨氮、总磷、总氮去除率分别为94.81%、94.28%、74.00%。当衣藻YC初始接种浓度为5×105cells/mL，培养条件为pH 9.0、光照强度为200 μmol/(m2·s)、光照周期为24:0 （L:D）时获得最佳的氨氮、总磷、总氮去除率，分别为97.04%、95.10%、87.07%。【结论】衣藻YC是一种颇具潜力的高效脱氮除磷菌株，有望用于鳗鱼养殖尾水规模化处理。

关键词： PHB   Litopenaeus vannamei   Microbiome   Transcriptomics   Metabolomics  

摘要： In light of increasing concerns about microplastic pollution, it is crucial to understand the biological impacts of biodegradable PHB microplastics on marine organisms. This study included a 96-h exposure experiment to assess acute toxicity at PHB concentrations of 0 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 1000 mg/L. Additionally, a 60-day feeding trial was conducted with PHB concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg to evaluate the long-term effects on growth, physiological health and metabolic responses of Litopenaeus vannamei. Results from the exposure experiment indicated that PHB microplastics up to 100 mg/L were non-toxic to shrimp. However, the 60-day feeding trial revealed that higher concentrations led to slight reductions in survival rates and growth performance, indicating a concentration-dependent response. Analysis of antioxidant and immune enzymes showed minimal changes across most parameters. However, increases in malondialdehyde content and lysozyme activity at higher PHB levels suggested a stress response. Microbial analysis indicated higher species richness and greater community diversity in the PHB group compared to controls, as evidenced by Chao1, ACE, Shannon and Simpson indices. Linear discriminant analysis revealed that Enterobacteriales and related taxa were more prevalent in the PHB group, while Rhodobacteraceae and associated taxa dominated the control group. Pathway analysis highlighted enhanced signal transduction, cell mobility and metabolic resource reallocation in response to PHBinduced stress. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed significant regulatory changes, especially in lipid metabolism pathways. These findings suggest that while PHB microplastics trigger adaptive metabolic responses in shrimp, they do not cause acute toxicity. Significant variations in intestinal microbiome composition reflect potential shifts in gut health dynamics due to PHB ingestion. This study enhances our understanding of the ecological impact

关键词： 硝基还原假单胞菌   好氧反硝化   生物脱氮   单因素  

摘要： 从北京小红门污水处理厂活性污泥中筛选出一株具有高效降解硝态氮和亚硝态氮特性的好氧反硝化菌。经形态学分析和16S rRNA鉴定，将菌株命名为硝基还原假单胞菌（Pseudomonas nitritireducens）PHB18。考察了菌株PHB18的好氧反硝化特性并优化其脱氮条件。研究表明，分别以硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐为唯一氮源，在初始氮素浓度为100 mg·L-1的条件下，硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除率分别为92.54%和99.28%，且脱氮过程中无明显中间产物累积。单因素优化环境因子试验表明，菌株PHB18在C/N为14、p H值范围在7.0～7.5、温度为30℃、转速120 rpm的条件下，好氧反硝化性能最佳，其在18 h时可将硝酸盐氮全部去除。硝基还原假单胞菌PHB18为强化生物脱氮工艺提供了一种新菌源。

关键词： PHB2   TGF-beta 2   fibrosis   AGE   RAGE pathway  

摘要： Fibrosis is the primary cause of retinal detachment and visual decline. Here, we investigated the role of Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) in modulating fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells stimulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 2. The proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, and levels of fibrosis-associated and pathway-related proteins were determined by performing western blotting. To examine the mechanisms underlying ARPE-19 cell fibrosis, we performed RNA sequencing, protein-protein interaction network, and enrichment analyses. We detected increases in the expression of the fibrosis-related proteins fibronectin and collagen I in response to TGF-beta 2 treatment, whereas the expression of PHB2 was downregulated. PHB2 overexpression suppressed the proliferation and migration of TGF-beta 2-stimulated ARPE-19 cells, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited fibrosis and Smad and non-Smad pathways. PHB2 overexpression inhibited the advanced glycation end-product (AGE)-receptor of advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) pathway activated by TGF-beta 2 treatment, which contributed to enhancing the effects of PHB2 on cellular processes, fibrosis, and Smad and non-Smad pathways. Conversely, exogenous application of AGE counteracted the effects of PHB2 overexpression. We conclude that by suppressing the AGE-RAGE pathway, PHB2 exerts an inhibitory effect on TGF-beta 2-induced fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells.

关键词： 城镇污水处理厂   土建工程   防渗漏   混凝土   钢筋   管网   地下箱体  

摘要： 污水处理厂极大缓解了水资源污染以及紧缺情况.介绍了城镇污水处理厂的基本情况,在此基础上结合污水处理厂土建工程的具体内容从多个角度分析了施工技术要点,提出了在城镇污水处理厂工程中科学开展质量控制工作的策略,希望可以为相关人士提供帮助和借鉴,深化施工技术以及质量控制工作在城镇污水处理厂土建工程中的应用,提高工程质量,促进社会发展.

关键词： PLC   污水处理   过程控制系统   设计  

摘要： 为了提升污水处理过程的自动化与智能化水平,文章设计了一款基于PLC的污水处理控制系统。通过分析污水处理流程及控制系统需求,明确了实时监测、自动化控制、故障报警与数据存储等关键功能。硬件设计包括PLC选型、传感器与执行器选择及硬件连接与布线;软件设计涵盖程序设计语言、控制程序结构、关键控制算法及人机界面设计。经过系统调试与测试,该系统运行稳定可靠,有效提高了污水处理效率与水质,实现了污水处理过程的优化控制与环境效益的提升。