关键词： Urban technologies   Responsible Research and Innovation   Cityness   Urban justice   Urban planning   Self-driving cars  

摘要： Robots are leaving factories and entering urban spaces. In this paper, I will explore how we can integrate robots of various types into the urban landscape. I will distinguish between two perspectives: (1) the responsible design and use of urban robots and (2) robots as part of responsible urban innovations. The first viewpoint considers issues arising from the use of a robot in an urban environment. To develop a substantive understanding of Responsible Urban Robotics, we need to focus on normative implications of city life as the context in which in robots are being used. I will refer to the desirable qualities of city life as "cityness" and will argue that we should design for cityness. The second approach asks how robots might be used to address challenges specific to cities. From the perspective of RRI, this may require participatory approaches in which the needs of the stakeholders are addressed. But we may also find inspiration in the work undertaken in architecture on expanding the concept and field to ensure that architects not only provide services to the lucky few but also create useful and beautiful spaces for the many. A dialogue with architects, urban designers, and urban planners may also be needed to successfully address the spatial issues raised by the presence of robots in the city.

关键词： Motion analysis   JIGSAWS   ROVIMAS  

摘要： Purpose The JIGSAWS dataset is a fixed dataset of robot-assisted surgery kinematic data used to develop predictive models of skill. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships of self-defined skill level with global rating scale scores and kinematic data (time, path length and movements) from three exercises (suturing, knot-tying and needle passing) (right and left hands) in the JIGSAWS dataset. Methods Global rating scale scores are reported in the JIGSAWS dataset and kinematic data were calculated using ROVIMAS software. Self-defined skill levels are in the dataset (novice, intermediate, expert). Correlation coefficients (global rating scale-skill level and global rating scale-kinematic parameters) were calculated. Kinematic parameters were compared among skill levels. Results Global rating scale scores correlated with skill in the knot-tying exercise (r = 0.55,p = 0.0005). In the suturing exercise, time, path length (left) and movements (left) were significantly different (p < 0.05) for novices and experts. For knot-tying, time, path length (right and left) and movements (right) differed significantly for novices and experts. For needle passing, no kinematic parameter was significantly different comparing novices and experts. The only kinematic parameter that correlated with global rating scale scores is time in the knot-tying exercise. Conclusion Global rating scale scores weakly correlate with skill level and kinematic parameters. The ability of kinematic parameters to differentiate among self-defined skill levels is inconsistent. Additional data are needed to enhance the dataset and facilitate subset analyses and future model development.

关键词： robotics   workplace   Twitter Analytics   anthropomorphism   technophobia  

摘要： Robotics application has provided a fruitful combination for hybrid industry 4.0 teams wherein robotic systems are progressing their way into spaces shared with human workers. The advent of artificial intelligence has also instilled the feeling of distress and ambiguity among employees regarding their future. Such confusion has triggered a plethora of deliberations surrounding the possible receptivity and hostility towards these modern technologies in the digital era where people are articulating their opinions and experiences through social media communication. This study explores the antecedents of employees' intention to accept robotics at workplace using two-step analyses: Twitter Analysis and Survey-based analysis. Around 121,750 tweets from 43,000 Twitter handles were evaluated in the form of descriptive analysis, geospatial analysis, network analysis and sentiment analysis. Thereafter, the conceptual model has been formulated and validated based on the extracted themes (anthropomorphism, technophobia and behavioral intention to accept robotics at workplace) by including 864 responses from an online survey conducted in India. The findings corroborated that anthropomorphism and technophobia significantly influence behavioral intention, and technophobia acts as a significant competitive mediator.

摘要： Neogi focuses on the progress in space robotics, satellite systems, air traffic control. The Intelligent Systems Technical Committee works to advance the application of computational problem-solving technologies and methods to aerospace systems. Several advances in intelligent aerospace systems were made this year. The Integrated System for Adaptive Autonomous Caretaking teams at NASA's Ames Research Center in California and Johnson Space Center in Texas collaborated in June to demonstrate an integrated data approach for anomaly detection and isolation. Using a simulation of Astrobee in the International Space Station, this work combines vehicle system telemetry, static spatial information and functional relationships for vehicle hardware, and robot data, obtained by Astrobee's mapping and inspection software, to detect and isolate the root causes of anomalous data.

关键词： Robotics   Pediatric otolaryngology   Surgical planning  

摘要： Robotic surgery has been shown to be feasible and successful in several areas of pediatric head and neck surgery. However, adoption has been limited. Robotic surgery may be better integrated into practice with advanced preoperative surgical planning and the design of new robotic platforms with instrumentation specific for the application. With continued investigations, computer-aided surgical planning techniques including three-dimensional printing, virtual reality, multiobjective cost function for optimization of approach, mirror image overlay, and flexible robotic instruments may demonstrate value and utility over current practice.

关键词： Improved BP neural network algorithm   Robotics kinematics inverse solution algorithm   Excitation function   Learning rate  

摘要： The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology makes Robotics more intelligent and flexible. In this context, the kinematics inverse algorithm of the Robotics has become the basis and key technology for the further development of the Robotics. The key point of the inverse algorithm of the Robotics is to coordinate the Robotics operation arm with the corresponding action actuator at the end to realize the space attitude control of the Robotics system, and to make a theoretical basis for the motion analysis of the later Robotics. However, the traditional form of Robotics kinematics inverse algorithm avoids a lot of iterative computational solution process, which increases the complexity of the whole algorithm. Therefore, based on the above situation, this paper proposes a Robotics inverse solution algorithm based on improved BP (back propagation) neural network. In this paper, in the application of the actual algorithm, aiming at the convergence problem of the traditional BP neural network algorithm, an improved BP neural network algorithm based on the excitation function is proposed. By selecting the adaptive processing function in each layer of the neural network, the selection is matched with it. The learning rate, thus improving the accuracy of the entire motion inverse algorithm. At the same time, in order to further reduce the calculation of joint quantification, this paper also creatively introduces the algorithm of plane division auxiliary dynamic model construction. The simulation results show that the inverse kinematics algorithm based on improved BP neural network proposed in this paper has obvious advantages in solving the kinematics inverse problem of six-degree-of-freedom Robotics compared with the traditional inverse solution algorithm.

摘要： As our global population ages, the demand for surgical treatment of spinal disorders in elderly patients has increased. The elderly population poses a unique challenge to spine surgeons due to multiple medical comorbidities and increased likelihood of complications. Robotics are being used for pedicle screw placement to enhance accuracy of placement and minimize surgical invasiveness. Although the use of robotics has not been studied specifically in elderly patients, this population may benefit significantly from the use of robotics as a minimally invasive technique to minimize blood loss, decrease operative time, and lessen postoperative pain—ultimately reducing complications. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks   Deep learning   LIDAR   Multi-dimensional processing   Recurrent neural networks   Relative navigation   Robotics  

摘要： This work proposes a new Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) based navigation architecture that is appropriate for uncooperative relative robotic space navigation applications. In contrast to current solutions that exploit 3D LIDAR data, our architecture suggests a Deep Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network (DRCNN) that exploits multi-projected imagery of the acquired 3D LIDAR data. Advantages of the proposed DRCNN are;an effective feature representation facilitated by the Convolutional Neural Network module within DRCNN, a robust modeling of the navigation dynamics due to the Recurrent Neural Network incorporated in the DRCNN, and a low processing time. Our trials evaluate several current state-of-the-art space navigation methods on various simulated but credible scenarios that involve a satellite model developed by Thales Alenia Space (France). Additionally, we evaluate real satellite LIDAR data acquired in our lab. Results demonstrate that the proposed architecture, although trained solely on simulated data, is highly adaptable and is more appealing compared to current algorithms on both simulated and real LIDAR data scenarios affording better odometry accuracy at lower computational requirements.