关键词： robotics   computational modeling   artificial intelligence  

摘要： The latest developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, and the parallel advances in robotics, have contributed recently to a shift in the scientific approach to modeling human intelligence. These innovations, accompanied by the new emphasis on embodied and grounded cognition in AI and psychology, have led to the establishment of the field of developmental robotics. This field features an interdisciplinary approach, built on collaboration between cognitive robotics and child psychology, to the autonomous design of behavioral and cognitive capabilities in artificial cognitive agents, such as robots, which is inspired by developmental principles and mechanisms observed in children. In this article, we illustrate the benefits of this approach by presenting a case study of a baby robot with a focus on the role of embodiment during early word learning, as well as an overview of several developmental robotics model of perceptual, social, and language development.

关键词： artificial intelligence   employment   robotics   social transformation   sociology   technological innovation  

摘要： How far do recent innovations in robotics and artificial intelligence herald an unprecedented economic and social transformation? This article provides a critical evaluation of this question, challenging the relentless technological determinism of much debate, and reframing the issues involved within a political-economic and sociological approach. This focuses on the economic, political and historical dynamics of technological innovation, and its consequences for employment and economic re-structuring, mediated through sovereign and discursive power. A range of epistemological and empirical problems with the transformationist position are identified, and an alternative perspective proposed emphasizing complexity and uncertainty around contemporary and future trends.

关键词： Distributed control   kinematic control   repetitive motion generation   redundancy resolution   Zhang neural network (ZNN)  

摘要： In this paper, a neural-dynamic distributed scheme is proposed for the cooperative control of multiple redundant manipulators with limited communications. It is guaranteed that, with the communication network being connected, all manipulators can jointly reach the same desired motion. The proposed distributed scheme is rearranged as a time-varying quadratic program and solved online by a Zhang neural network. Then, theoretical analyses show that, without noise, the proposed distributed scheme is able to execute a given task with exponentially convergent position errors. Moreover, an explicit bound relationship between the control input noise and the end-effector position error is analytically derived. Furthermore, numerical comparisons substantiate the superiority, effectiveness, and accuracy of the proposed distributed scheme.

关键词： Motion Planning under uncertainties   Linear quadratic regulator   Markov decision process  

摘要： Among all the mathematical frameworks used in the control and robotics communities to handle uncertainties, the stochastic variants of optimal control frameworks are appealing, in particular because of the existence of efficient tools to solve them computationally, such as dynamic programming. However, in many cases, because of their formulation as a classical optimization problem, it may be difficult to ponder the expected solutions for a given choice of the objective function to minimize. In this paper, we perform an in-depth analysis of the behavior of the policies obtained from solving Stochastic Linear Quadratic Gaussian problems, thinking in particular in robot motion planning applications. To perform this analysis, we assume simplified linear systems perturbed by Gaussian noise, with state-dependend and control-dependent components, and objective functions summing up control-related and state-related costs. We provide (1) useful bounds for understanding the effect of the objective function parameters, (2) insights on what the expected paths of system should be and (3) results on the optimal choice of the planning horizon.

摘要： Robotic surgery is safe and feasible offering many potential advantages to the colorectal surgeon

摘要： The current state and the future direction

关键词： Robots  

摘要： The article outlines the features of the Web site dedicated to robotics located at ***, from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

关键词： 创新教育   培养模式   机器人竞赛   计算机类本科  

摘要： 创新教育越来越受到高等教育地重视,以机器人竞赛为代表科技创新竞赛成为当前计算机专业应用型创新人才培养的重要载体。以合肥师范学院计算机学院为例,阐述了机器人竞赛在创新素质培养中的重要作用,介绍了针对计算机类专业建立创新素质全程化培养模式四个阶段,并对目前开展的工作进行总结。

关键词： Robotic arm rehabilitation   Creativity   Intrinsic motivation   Audio-haptic display   Music therapy   Serious games   Stroke   User interface  

摘要： Background: Robots have been successfully applied in motor training during neurorehabilitation. As music is known to improve motor function and motivation in neurorehabilitation training, we aimed at integrating music creation into robotic-assisted motor therapy. We developed a virtual game-like environment with music for the arm therapy robot ARMin, containing four different motion training conditions: a condition promoting creativity (C+) and one not promoting creativity (C-), each in a condition with (V+) and without (V-) a visual display (i.e., a monitor). The visual display was presenting the game workspace but not contributing to the creative process itself. In all four conditions the therapy robot haptically displayed the game workspace. Our aim was to asses the effects of creativity and visual display on motivation. Methods: In a prospective randomized single-center study, healthy participants were randomly assigned to play two of the four training conditions, either with (V+) or without visual display (V-). In the third round, the participants played a repetition of the preferred condition of the two first rounds, this time with a new V condition (i.e., with or without visual display). For each of the three rounds, motivation was measured with the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) in the subscales interest/enjoyment, perceived choice, value/usefulness, and man-machine-relation. We recorded the actual training time, the time of free movement, and the velocity profile and administered a questionnaire to measure perceived training time and perceived effort. All measures were analysed using linear mixed models. Furthermore, we asked if the participants would like to receive the created music piece. Results: Sixteen healthy subjects (ten males, six females, mean age: 27.2 years, standard deviation: 4.1 years) with no known motor or cognitive deficit participated. Promotion of creativity (i.e., C+ instead of C-) significantly increased the IMI-item interest/en