关键词： ROBOTICS   PROSTHESIS   THREE-dimensional printing   ARTIFICIAL limbs   EXOSKELETON   ORTHOPEDIC braces  

摘要： The article offers information on bio-robotics and the possibilities of innovations in its future. Topics discussed include the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing to develop advanced prosthetics, the benefits of artificial limbs for people who have lost their limbs in accidents, and the use of exoskeletons to help stroke patients regain the ability to walk. Also mentioned are the braces worn around the ankle by patients recovering from stroke.

关键词： Robotics  

摘要： Reports on the Robotics and Automation Society (RAS) Technical Committee\"s (TC) approval on Wearable Robotics during the IEEE RAS Technical Activities Board meeting that was held 15 May 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden, in conjunction with the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2016.

关键词： rehabilitation robotic device   Force Virtual Sensor   motion virtual sensor   advanced controller  

摘要： In order to properly control rehabilitation robotic devices, the measurement of interaction force and motion between patient and robot is an essential part. Usually, however, this is a complex task that requires the use of accurate sensors which increase the cost and the complexity of the robotic device. In this work, we address the development of virtual sensors that can be used as an alternative of actual force and motion sensors for the Universal Haptic Pantograph (UHP) rehabilitation robot for upper limbs training. These virtual sensors estimate the force and motion at the contact point where the patient interacts with the robot using the mathematical model of the robotic device and measurement through low cost position sensors. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed virtual sensors, they have been implemented in an advanced position/force controller of the UHP rehabilitation robot and experimentally evaluated. The experimental results reveal that the controller based on the virtual sensors has similar performance to the one using direct measurement (less than 0.005 m and 1.5 N difference in mean error). Hence, the developed virtual sensors to estimate interaction force and motion can be adopted to replace actual precise but normally high-priced sensors which are fundamental components for advanced control of rehabilitation robotic devices.

关键词： Autonomous systems   robotics   small satellites  

摘要： The low-cost and short-lead time of small satellites has led to their use in science-based missions, earth observation, and interplanetary missions. Today, they are also key instruments in orchestrating technological demonstrations for on-orbit operations (O-3) such as inspection and spacecraft servicing with planned roles in active debris removal and on-orbit assembly. This paper provides an overview of the robotics and autonomous systems (RASs) technologies that enable robotic O-3 on smallsat platforms. Major RAS topics such as sensing & perception, guidance, navigation & control (GN&C) microgravity mobility and mobile manipulation, and autonomy are discussed from the perspective of relevant past and planned missions.

关键词： Robotics   Kinetics   Physics   High School Students   Mathematical Formulas   Traffic Safety   Spatial Ability   Mechanics (Physics)   Scientific Concepts   Scientific Principles   Teaching Methods  

摘要： Research in the field of physics teaching has revealed high school students' difficulties in establishing relations between kinematic equations and real movements. Moreover, there are well-known and significant challenges in their comprehension of graphic language content. Thus, this article explores a didactic activity which utilized robotics in order to investigate significant aspects of kinematics, gathering data and performing analyses and descriptions via graphs and mathematical equations which were indispensable for the analysis of the phenomena in question. Traffic safety appears as a main theme, with particular emphasis on the distinction between braking and stopping distances in harsh conditions, as observed in the robot vehicle's tires and track. This active-learning investigation allows students to identify significant differences between the average value of the initial empirical braking position and that of the vehicle's programmed braking position, enabling them to more deeply comprehend the relations between mathematical and graphic representations of this real phenomenon and the phenomenon itself, thereby providing a sense of accuracy to this study. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Ethics   Service robots   Monitoring   Artificial intelligence   Social implications of technology   Autonomous robots  

摘要： The evaluation of the societal impact of autonomous technologies, particularly robotics, has grown in technological contexts (e.g., see [14] and the IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems [20]), as well as broader political contexts (e.g., see the 2017 European Parliament report regarding civil law rules on robotics [21]). In this article, we adopt the perspective that conceptualizes new technologies as social experiments, stressing their experimental character to deal with the inherent uncertainty that affects their behavior. We suggest that the kind of experiments performed when evaluating robots in specific contexts of use are explorative experiments, i.e., investigations carried out in the absence of a proper theory or theoretical background that diverge from the traditional notion of controlled experiments. Considering this epistemological shift, we apply the ethical framework proposed by van de Poel for experimental technologies to the case of robotics, and we discuss its implications on the design of robots. To make our discussion more concrete, we reference the field of robots for search and rescue, which offers a challenging opportunity to test socioethical approaches to the development of robots and their interactions with environments and humans.

关键词： Rolling robot   Dynamics   Lagrange's equation   Dynamic rolling motion law   Five-arc-shaped-bar linkage  

摘要： A morphological rolling robot of closed five-arc-shaped-bar linkage is presented. The rolling locomotion of the robot can effectively be propelled by morphing the shape of the robot to shift its center of gravity and forming surface-compliant configuration. Herein, we present the mechanical structure of the robot, kinematics modeling, and then dynamics of the rolling robot is analyzed with Lagrange's equation to obtain the generalized forces. Besides, the joint paths confined by rolling constraints are generated with the optimal principle of minimal module between the joint position and the reference joint trajectory. Then four schemes of dynamic rolling motion laws are presented with the purpose of comparison, and the simulation results show that the sinusoid motion law is more suitable for the dynamic rolling of the robot, due to the non-sharp transition in the rolling path and also the relatively small velocities and accelerations of the joints. Furthermore, dynamic rolling experiments on the prototype are used to verify the proposed concept and the results show that the dynamic rolling locomotion of this robot has favorable characteristics in speed, compliance and continuity. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： career planning   change   technology   disruptive technology   employees  

摘要： Futurists predict that a third of jobs that exist today could be taken by Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Algorithms (STARA) by 2025. However, very little is known about how employees perceive these technological advancements in regards to their own jobs and careers, and how they are preparing for these potential changes. A new measure (STARA awareness) was created for this study that captures the extent to which employees feel their job could be replaced by these types of technology. Due to career progression and technology knowledge associated with age, we also tested age as a moderator of STARA. Using a mixed-methods approach on 120 employees, we tested STARA awareness on a range of job and well-being outcomes. Greater STARA awareness was negatively related to organisational commitment and career satisfaction, and positively related to turnover intentions, cynicism, and depression.

关键词： Prototypes   Budgets   Funding   Fiscal years   Armed forces   Vehicles   Robotics  

摘要： The service is taking the same steps for the common robotic system - individual, or CRS(I), a smaller system that provides soldiers with reconnaissance capabilities on a lower level, he added. "[From] squad to platoon to company to battalion, how can we get the greatest capability into the hands of soldiers and be able to afford to do it?" One goal includes developing a common architecture for robotics systems, which would allow the service to "plug and play" a variety of technologies into a platform to give it different capabilities, he noted. Much of the funding boost is geared toward increased requirements for the Common Robotic System (Heavy) program, a new start for fiscal year 2019, and the heightened testing and payload efforts for SMET, the documents state. The service has been exploring this idea since the days of Future Combat Systems, he noted, referencing a major effort to integrate these capabilities and develop a family of vehicles that was canceled in 2009. [...]we actually start doing it and putting some of these capabilities in the hands of our soldiers, we’re not going to learn, we’re never going to move forward," he noted.

关键词： 机器人学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787121336980

摘要： 本书系统介绍了机器人的基本组成和工作原理。全书共分10章。其中第1章介绍必要的基础知识，如机器人的发展历史、机器人的组成与特点、机器人语言及机器人应用等。第2章和第3章分析机器人的运动学。第4章分析机器人的动力学。第5章讨论机器人在关节空间和直角坐标空间的路径和轨迹规划。第6章介绍机器人的运动控制。第7章介绍机器人的各种驱动装置，如液压和气动装置、直流伺服电机及步进电机等。第8章讨论用于机器人的各种传感器。第9章介绍机器人视觉系统。第10章介绍用于机器人的模糊控制方法。该书每章后面均给出设计项目，将理论与实际相结合，用以综合运用本章的内容，同时每章后面还附有参考文献和习题。