关键词： whole-body movement   humanoid robot   inverse dynamics   human posture  

摘要： "An advanced robotics motion generation framework for inferring the organisation of human movements."Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 16(sup1), pp. 177–178

关键词： 油罐清洗机器人   运动学   动力学   仿真研究  

摘要： 油罐清洗机器人是一种针对油罐罐底油泥实施自动化清洗而研发的特殊机器人。通过建立适当坐标系,运用D-H参数法对其进行了运动学分析,得出末端执行装置位姿方程,运用拉格朗日方法求解得出其整体动力学方程。通过计算机仿真实验,验证了运动学方程和动力学方程的准确性,能够描述油罐清洗机器人的运动特性,在该机器人的运动控制和系统稳定性分析方面具有一定的参考价值。

关键词： total hip arthroplasty   femoral head resurfacing   impingement   stability   soft tissue  

摘要： We identified and compared the impingent-free range of motion (ROM) and subluxation potential for native hip, femoral head resurfacing (FHR), and total hip arthroplasty (THA). These constructs were also compared both with and without soft tissue to elucidate the role of the soft tissue. Five fresh-frozen bilateral hip specimens were mounted to a six-degree of freedom robotic manipulator. Under load-control parameters, in vivo mechanics were recreated to evaluate impingement free ROM, and the subluxation potential in two at risk positions for native hip, FHR, and THA. Impingement-free ROM of the skeletonized THA was greater than FHR for the anterior subluxation position. For skeletonized posterior subluxations, stability for THA and FHR constructs were similar, while a different pattern was observed for specimens with soft tissues intact. FHR constructs were more stable than THA constructs for both anterior and posterior subluxations. When the femoral neck is intact the joint has an earlier impingement profile placing the hip at risk for subluxation. However, FHR design was shown to be more stable than THA only when soft tissues were intact. (c) 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:11081115, 2013

关键词： URINARY calculi   LAPAROSCOPY   UROLOGY   SURGICAL complications   SURGICAL robots   OUTCOME assessment (Medical care)  

摘要： OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility of robot-assisted laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for large (>2 cm) or impacted lower ureteral stones and the immediate outcome measures such as the stone-free rate and occurrence of intra-and postoperative complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS From April 2010 to August 2012, 52 robotic stone surgeries were performed in our department. Robot-assisted laparoscopic ureterolithotomy was performed in 16 patients for large (>2 cm) or impacted lower ureteral stones. RESULTS The stone was most commonly located in the juxtavesical position in all 16 patients. The average stone size was 2.2 cm, and all stones were impacted. The mean operative time was 45.3 minutes (range, 38-63), including stent placement time, and the mean blood loss was 10 mL. The mean console time was 20.3 minutes. No conversion to an open procedure was required. CONCLUSION Robot-assisted laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for large, impacted, lower ureteral stones is an acceptable alternative. The ease of surgery and shorter operative times are significant advantages compared with the laparoscopic approach. UROLOGY 82: 95-99, 2013. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： tumor tissue   Tubular structures   Chaperonins   Adenosine Triphosphate   biodegradation   Intracellular   Nanomedicine   Fueling   Release   nanocarrier   mechanical force  

摘要： The development of nanocarriers that selectively release guest molecules on sensing a particular biological signal is being actively pursued in nanomedicine for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Here we report a protein-based nanocarrier that opens in the presence of intracellular adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP). The nanocarrier consists of multiple barrel-shaped chaperonin units assembled through coordination with Mg2+ into a tubular structure that protects guest molecules against biological degradation. When its surface is functionalized with a boronic acid derivative, the nanocarrier is able to enter cells. The hydrolysis of intracellular ATP into adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP) induces conformational changes of the chaperonin units, which in turns generate a mechanical force that leads to the disassembly of the tube and release of the guests. This scission occurs with a sigmoidal dependence on ATP concentration, which means that the nanocarrier can differentiate biological environments in terms of the concentration of ATP for selective guest release. Furthermore, biodistribution tests reveal preferential accumulation of the nanocarriers in a tumour tissue.

关键词： ROBOTICS conferences   ROBOTICS research   MEETINGS  

摘要： A call for papers for the International Symposium on Robotics Research ISRR 2013, to be organized by the International Symposium on Robotics Research (ISRR) organization in Singapore from December 16-19, 2013.

关键词： Computer programming   Early childhood   Kindergarten   Robotics   Sequencing   STEM  

摘要： This paper examines the impact of programming robots on sequencing ability during a 1-week intensive robotics workshop at an early childhood STEM magnet school in the Harlem area of New York City. Children participated in computer programming activities using a developmentally appropriate tangible programming language CHERP, specifically designed to program a robot's behaviors. The study assessed 27 participants' sequencing skills before and after the programming and robotics curricular intervention using a picture-story sequencing task and compared those skills to a control group. Pre-test and post-test scores were compared using a paired sample t test. The group of children who participated in the 1-week robotics and programming workshop experienced significant increases in post-test compared to pre-test sequencing scores.

关键词： robotics  

摘要： Are robots and automation destroying more jobs than they are creating?

关键词： bio-inspiration   biomimetics   electric fish   mechanics   robotics   sensing  

摘要： Weakly electric knifefish have intrigued both biologists and engineers for decades with their unique electrosensory system and agile swimming mechanics. Study of these fish has resulted in models that illuminate the principles behind their electrosensory system and unique swimming abilities. These models have uncovered the mechanisms by which knifefish generate thrust for swimming forward and backward, hovering, and heaving dorsally using a ventral elongated median fin. Engineered active electrosensory models inspired by electric fish allow for close-range sensing in turbid waters where other sensing modalities fail. Artificial electrosense is capable of aiding navigation, detection and discrimination of objects, and mapping the environment, all tasks for which the fish use electrosense extensively. While robotic ribbon fin and artificial electrosense research has been pursued separately to reduce complications that arise when they are combined, electric fish have succeeded in their ecological niche through close coupling of their sensing and mechanical systems. Future integration of electrosense and ribbon fin technology into a knifefish robot should likewise result in a vehicle capable of navigating complex 3D geometries unreachable with current underwater vehicles, as well as provide insights into how to design mobile robots that integrate high bandwidth sensing with highly responsive multidirectional movement.