关键词： Human robot interaction  

摘要： A new stream of research and development responds to changes in life expectancy across the world. It includes technologies which enhance well-being of individuals, specifically for older people. The ACCOMPANY project focuses on home companion technologies and issues surrounding technology development for assistive purposes. The project responds to some overlooked aspects of technology design, divided into multiple areas such as empathic and social human-robot interaction, robot learning and memory visualisation, and monitoring persons' activities at home. To bring these aspects together, a dedicated task is identified to ensure technological integration of these multiple approaches on an existing robotic platform, Care-O-Bot®3 in the context of a smart-home environment utilising a multitude of sensor arrays. Formative and summative evaluation cycles are then used to assess the emerging prototype towards identifying acceptable behaviours and roles for the robot, for example role as a butler or a trainer, while also comparing user requirements to achieved progress. In a novel approach, the project considers ethical concerns and by highlighting principles such as autonomy, independence, enablement, safety and privacy, it embarks on providing a discussion medium where user views on these principles and the existing tension between some of these principles, for example tension between privacy and autonomy over safety, can be captured and considered in design cycles and throughout project developments. © 2013 Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 虚拟仿真   机器人学   多刚体对象   智能交互   EON   Professional   Denavit-Hartenberg模型  

摘要： 结合虚拟仿真技术和机器人科学,研究虚拟场景中复杂多刚体对象的智能交互实现方法和软件解决方案.提出基于Solidworks、3DS Max建模阶段和EON Professional性能优化阶段的模型优化方法以及应用机器人运动学D-H(Denavit-Hartenberg)模型实现复杂多刚体对象的运动学建模;给出可行的软件解决方案,从而定义了多种软件之间相互通信的接口方式,并以虚拟施工场景中复杂多刚体对象虚拟塔吊为例,实现了虚拟塔吊的智能交互仿真.软件开发实践表明:所提出的方法、方案是可行的,达到具备良好智能特性的交互仿真,可以推广至虚拟场景的开发.

关键词： 水下机器人   海冰观测   国家重点实验室   海洋环境监测   北极科学考察   光学参数  

摘要： 北极冰下自主/遥控海洋环境监测系统北极冰下自主/遥控海洋环境监测系统(北极ARV)是一种集AUV和ROV技术于一身的新型水下机器人。它可在较大范围内实时获得冰底形态、海冰厚度以及冰下光学参数等多种海冰观测数据。北极ARV分别于2008年和2010年两次参加了中国北极科学考察,在北纬86.

关键词： 体育比赛   机器人竞赛   场地   阳光   中小学生   实践能力   创新能力   协作能力  

摘要： 机器人竞赛为开发学生的智力，增强学生的实践能力、协作能力和创新能力提供了一个优异的平台，为中小学生的终身学习和发展，创造了一个新的环境。但是目前机器人竞赛有个最大的弊端——厂家左右比赛的成分很大，竞赛活动的参与者常被器材的升级所困扰。

关键词： 并联机器人   SAMCEF软件   动力学建模与仿真   刚柔混合系统  

摘要： 利用SAMCEF软件进行了Cross-IV四自由度并联机器人的建模与仿真。首先,利用SolidWorks模型建立了机器人的三维实体模型,并通过运动学逆解模型计算得到驱动轴转角参数。然后,利用SAMCEF软件建立了机器人的多刚体动力学模型和刚柔混合动力学模型,并进行了仿真分析,研究机器人在实际运动过程中杆件的弹性变形对末端轨迹精度的影响,从而预估机器人的动态特性。

关键词： 机器人竞赛   获得者   一等奖   选拔赛   青少年   中国   亚太   新学期  

摘要： 新学期伊始，在长沙市明德华兴中学，当学生们在一起畅聊暑假趣事时，大多会谈起该校初二1201班班长和她参加机器人比赛再次获奖的话题。

关键词： Esophagus   Robotic surgery   Minimally invasive esophagectomy   Ivor-Lewis   Esophagectomy   Transhiatal esophagectomy  

摘要： Robot-assisted surgery has the advantages of a three-dimensional view, versatility of instruments and better ergonomics. It allows fine dissection and difficult anastomoses in deep fields. Based on our experience, we try to define what are the main contributions of robotics to minimally invasive esophagectomy. FromDecember 2009 to July 2012, we performed 24 minimally invasive esophagectomies (9 transhiatal, 5 Ivor-Lewis and 10 three-field), 16 of them robotically (8, 5 and 3, respectively). Eighteen patients (18/24 = 75 %) received neoadjuvant therapy. Nine patients (9/24 = 37.5 %) had symptomatic complications: 4 anastomotic leaks treated conservatively, one staple failure of the gastric plasty needing reoperation, one biliary peritonitis secondary to a gangrenous cholecystitis, one intrathoracic gastric migration after the only nonresectable case, one chylothorax and one patient with major cardiopulmonary complications. Themedian number of lymph nodes harvested was 12 +/- 7. Median length of stay was 14 +/- 13.5 days. Thirty-day mortality was nil. Complications were not related to the robot itself but to the complexity of both the technique and the patient. Although we found no advantages for the use of robotics during threefield minimally invasive esophagectomy, robotic mediastinal dissection during transhiatal esophagectomy can be performed safely under direct vision. Moreover, hand-sewn robotic-assisted technique in the prone position is promising and maybe the simplest way to carry out thoracic anastomosis during Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy

关键词： Fasteners   REMOTE CONTROL   robotics   Hats   Religious Missions   Legal Services   CAPS   THERMAL BLANKET   International space stations   National Aeronautics and Space Administration   Space stations   STATIONS   Robot   robotic arm   Blankets  

摘要： The Space Automation and Robotics Technical Committee works to advance the development of these technologies and their application to space programs.

关键词： Damage recovery   evolutionary algorithm   fault tolerance   hexapod locomotion   learning   long-term autonomy   resilience   transferability  

摘要： Damage recovery is critical for autonomous robots that need to operate for a long time without assistance. Most current methods are complex and costly because they require anticipating potential damage in order to have a contingency plan ready. As an alternative, we introduce the T-resilience algorithm, a new algorithm that allows robots to quickly and autonomously discover compensatory behavior in unanticipated situations. This algorithm equips the robot with a self-model and discovers new behavior by learning to avoid those that perform differently in the self-model and in reality. Our algorithm thus does not identify the damaged parts but it implicitly searches for efficient behavior that does not use them. We evaluate the T-resilience algorithm on a hexapod robot that needs to adapt to leg removal, broken legs and motor failures;we compare it to stochastic local search, policy gradient and the self-modeling algorithm proposed by Bongard et al. The behavior of the robot is assessed on-board thanks to an RGB-D sensor and a SLAM algorithm. Using only 25 tests on the robot and an overall running time of 20 min, T-resilience consistently leads to substantially better results than the other approaches.