关键词： Ocean circulation   Transit time   Ocean modelling   Gulf of St. Lawrence  

摘要： The transit time of the subsurface waters in the hypoxic and acidified Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) is poorly understood, despite its strong influence on physical and biogeochemical water properties. Three estimates of the transit time of the deep waters between Cabot Strait and the head of the Laurentian Channel, a deep channel cutting through the GSL, have been published up to now. Here, using lagrangian tracking experiments in a regional ocean model, we provide a new estimate of the transit time in the deep layer (> 225 m) of the GSL, as well as the first estimate of the transit time in the intermediate layer (50-175 m). Our estimate for the deep layer is 3.2 +/- 0.7 years. The transit time in the intermediate layer (1.2 +/- 0.5 years) is nearly three times faster than in the deep layer. The deep waters travel mainly up the Laurentian Channel, whereas most of the intermediate waters first transit through the Esquiman and /or Anticosti Channels. Our results also highlighted the impact of the seasonal changes in large-scale circulation on the transit times of the particles seeded at Cabot Strait. In summer and fall, the circulation is relaxed, and subsurface waters transit slowly but more directly upstream, leading to faster transit times. In winter and spring, the circulation is intensified but many particles get caught in large gyres prevalent during these seasons, leading to slower average transit times.

关键词： Oral conditions   Dental anthropology   Subsistence strategies   Famine food   Island archaeology  

摘要： Objective: This study examines oral health conditions in the pre-European Amazigh population of the Canary Islands (1st-15th centuries) to uncover patterns linked to island-specific environments and subsistence practices. The Canary Islands offered diverse ecological settings that shaped how the Amazigh adapted their agricultural practices, creating landscapes to support settlement. Design: By analyzing the oral health of 615 adult individuals across seven major islands-including caries, dental wear, calculus, periodontal disease, and antemortem tooth loss-the study identifies three distinct patterns of oral health within the archipelago. Results: Gran Canaria exhibited the highest prevalence of dental caries, aligning with an agriculture-centered lifestyle. In contrast, La Gomera, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote showed the lowest caries rates, suggesting less agricultural dependence. El Hierro and La Palma populations presented both high caries prevalence and extensive dental wear, likely due to a diet including famine-related foods like fern roots. The findings also indicate sex-based differences in oral health across islands but no significant distinctions by age. Conclusions: These patterns highlight a relationship between the diverse biogeography of the islands, subsistence strategies, and oral health in the Amazigh period. This study contributes valuable insights into how different environments and resource availability impacted the diet and health of the Canary Islands' Amazigh populations.

关键词： Advanced nurse practitioner   Advanced practitioner   Ireland   Contribution   Role   Professional practice   Integrative review   Healthcare provision  

摘要： Background: In Ireland the role of advanced nurse practitioner has developed significantly since 2001. This evolution is rooted in the growing recognition of the need for highly skilled nursing professionals to address complex healthcare demands and improve patient outcomes. Objective: To scope the landscape and identify the effect of advanced nurse practitioners on healthcare provision in Ireland. Design: A systematic search of eight academic databases (CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, Medline and Academic Search Complete, Cochrane, Web of Science) relevant to nursing and health care were performed. Setting(s): Nursing care environment. Participants: Advanced nurse practitioners delivering care. Methods: A pre-defined systematic search of eight academic databases was conducted, and two reviewers screened each study against the inclusion criteria. Additional hand-searching of the reference lists (backward chaining) and citations (forward chaining) of papers that met the inclusion criteria was conducted. The methodological details of each paper were extracted and assessed for quality and rigour utilising the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance checklist for appraising grey literature. Data were mapped and analysed onto the six domains of advanced nurse practitioner practice, and the review was reported in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta- Analyses guidelines. Results: All papers included in this review spanned across the last 20 years. In total, 45 papers met the inclusion criteria: quantitative (n = 11), qualitative (n = 15), mixed methods (n = 4), and discussion/clinical cases (n = 15) papers. Advanced nurse practitioners in Ireland contribute substantial impacts on management and team competence, clinical-decision making, leadership and professional scholarship, professional values and conduct, communication and interpersonal competence, and knowledge and cognitive

关键词： S. Bareilly   3GC-resistance   ST203   pAmpC   CMY-6   MDR   Virulence   WGS   India  

摘要： Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections are a major public health concern in India because of inadequate knowledge of antimicrobial resistance, limiting therapeutic options. The study aimed to characterize and analyse the genome of a 3rd-generation cephalosporins (3GCs)-resistant clinical isolate of Salmonella Bareilly-harbouring plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) CMY-6. Identification, antibiotic susceptibility and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS)-based analysis were performed. Transmissibility, replicon types of blaCMY-6-harbouring plasmid were evaluated. S. Bareilly ST203 (Clonal-Complex 206.2) was isolated from clinical specimen of a paediatric patient and was found to be multidrug-resistant with resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolone and aminoglycosides. WGS revealed pAmpC blaCMY-6 on conjugative IncC plasmid (158,385 kb) which successfully transferred into the transconjugant with other resistance determinants (blaTEM-1A, armA, aac (6 ')-Ib-cr, sul1), showed higher MICs for 3GCs. Downstream regions of blaCMY-6 include blc (lipocalin), sugE (efflux protein) and truncated ecnR (entericidin R) followed by other resistance genes. Presence of ISEcp1 in the genome facilitated the transfer of blaCMY-6. Several efflux pump genes, two complete CRISPR arrays and intact phage sequences were also detected. Virulence factors associated with Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands SPI-1/SPI-2/ SP-3 and their effectors indicated the virulence potential of this strain. To the best of our knowledge, genome of a 3GCs-resistant clinical isolate of S. Bareilly-harbouring pAmpC blaCMY-6 was reported and analysed for the first time in this study. S. Bareilly was found to cause outbreaks in earlier reports but lower resistance was reported in this serovar compared to other NTS. As infections by NTS are concerning, early detection of such strains is of utmost importance.

关键词： Mississippi River   CESM2 large ensembles   Emissions scenario   Hydroclimate variability  

摘要： The Mississippi River Basin (MRB), the fourth-largest river basin in the world, is an important corridor for hydroelectric power generation, agricultural and industrial production, riverine transportation, and ecosystem goods and services. Historically, flooding of the Mississippi River has resulted in significant economic losses. In a future with an intensified global hydrological cycle, the altered discharge of the river may jeopardize communities and infrastructure situated in the floodplain. This study utilizes output from the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) large ensemble simulations spanning 1930 to 2100 to quantify changes in future MRB discharge under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario (SSP3-7.0). The simulations show that increasing precipitation trends exceed and dominate increased evapotranspiration (ET), driving an overall increase in total discharge in the Ohio and Lower Mississippi River basins. On a seasonal scale, reduced spring snowmelt is projected in the Ohio and Missouri River basins, leading to reduced spring runoff in those regions. However, decreased snowmelt and spring runoff is overshadowed by a larger increase in projected precipitation minus ET over the entire basin and leads to an increase in mean river discharge. This increase in discharge is linked to a relatively small increase in the magnitude of extreme floods (2 % and 3 % for 100-year and 1000-year floods, respectively) by the late 21st century relative to the late 20th century. Our analyses imply that under SSP3-7.0 forcing, the Mississippi River and Tributaries (MR&T) project design flood would not be exceeded at the 100-year return period. Our results harbor implications for water resources management including increased vulnerability of the Mississippi River given projected changes in climate.

关键词： 装备修理保障企业   思想政治教育   守正创新   实践路径  

摘要： 思想政治工作是国有企业的"传家宝",在企业发展改革中发挥着统一思想、凝聚共识、鼓舞斗志、团结奋斗的重要作用.面对着国防和军队改革持续深化,以及职工的新特点新需求,装备修理保障企业思想政治教育还存在一些不适应跟不上、时代性和感召力不强等问题.需要企业进一步结合实际情况和工作特点,坚持守正创新,厘清基本思路,找准新的实践路径.构建新时代企业思想政治教育体系,为推动高质量发展持续赋能.

关键词： IL-33   ST2   Superoxide anion   Glial cells   Inflammation   And pain  

摘要： Reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion have varied roles in inflammation and pain, which can be mimicked by potassium superoxide (KO2), the superoxide anion donor. Interleukin (IL)-33 has pleiotropic functions by activating its receptor suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2). However, the role of IL-33/ST2 signaling in inflammatory pain initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion has not been investigated, which was the aim of the present study. IL-33 levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and overt pain were evaluated by electronic von Frey, hot plate, and abdominal writhing/paw flinching/licking, respectively. Edema and leukocyte recruitment (myeloperoxidase assay and total/differential cell count), antioxidant capacity, superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation were assessed. Paw skin and spinal cord messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and glial markers in the spinal cord were evaluated. Immunofluorescence was used to detect spinal glial and neuronal c-Fos activation. KO2 injection triggered IL-33 production in the paw skin and spinal cord of mice, induced hyperalgesia, edema, neutrophil recruitment to the paw tissue, overt pain-like behavior, and leukocyte recruitment to the peritoneum that were reduced in ST2 deficient mice. In the paw skin and spinal cord, KO2 triggered IL-33/ST2-dependent oxidative stress, and mRNA expression of inflammatory molecules, which were reduced by ST2 deficiency. KO2 induced spinal cord glial (at mRNA/protein levels) and neuronal activation in IL-33/ST2-dependent manner. IL-33/ST2 signaling mediates, at least in part, superoxide anion-induced inflammatory pain by modulating local and spinal inflammatory events.

关键词： 突发公共事件   企业储蓄   不确定性   预防性动机  

摘要： 扩大内需是中国构建新发展格局的战略基点，而对企业储蓄行为的研究是理解收入分配、投资以及经济增长方式转变的逻辑起点。以非典事件为准自然实验，基于代表性启发式和可得性启发式理论选取“受染地区”为处理组，使用双重差分法考察突发公共事件对企业储蓄行为的影响。研究发现，非典事件导致企业储蓄率显著提高，且该影响具有一定持续性，企业储蓄率在事件结束后4—5年才回落至正常水平。预防性动机是其背后关键原因，即企业增加储蓄以应对不确定性，企业投资没有相应地增加。私营和港澳台外资企业、小企业、出口企业以及没有补贴收入的企业储蓄率受影响更显著。

关键词： 企业党建   员工参与度   企业凝聚力  

摘要： 以中交路桥华北工程有限公司为案例,采用案例分析法,深入探讨该公司如何通过创新党建工作提升员工参与度.将系统分析公司的党建活动实践,总结其对员工政治觉悟、企业凝聚力、员工工作热情和企业经营业绩的影响.通过揭示企业党建与员工参与度之间的内在联系,本研究旨在为企业如何有效开展党建工作,提高员工参与度提供理论指导和实践参考.

关键词： Algae   Microalgae   Biodiesel   Hydrocarbon   Oxides of Nitrogen   Carbon dioxide   BSFC  

摘要： Microalgae is 3rd generation feedstock for biodiesel production. Biodiesel produced from microalgae is considered alternative sustainable and biodegradable biofuels for the automotive engines because of its potential lower environmental impacts and its high growth rates over 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel. The present works experimentally determines the tailpipe emission characteristics biodiesel produced from the pure (100 %) algae oil feedstock, and compare them with the tailpipe emission characteristics of the biodiesels produced from the feedstock oils of sunflower, walnut, corn, hazelnut, rapeseed, soybean and linseed. The results show that after 500 s of cold start, algae biodiesel produces the lowest tailpipe exhaust temperature of 118 degrees C and sunflower biodiesel has the highest exhaust temperature of 126 degrees C. At no load conditions, algae biodiesel produced the lowest tailpipe NOx emissions of 152 ppm, followed by linseed biodiesel of 176 m ppm, rapeseed biodiesel of 190 ppm and corn of 242 ppm. Biodiesels of walnut and soybean produced similar NOx emission of 250 ppm followed by slightly higher values from hazelnut biodiesel of 276 ppm. The sunflower biodiesel produced the highest exhaust NOx emission of 376 ppm at all load conditions (0 kW to 4 kW). The increase in the engine load from 0 kW to 4 KW shows that the exhaust NOx emission from algae biodiesel increased by more than eight times to 1400 ppm. All eight biodiesels showed steep decrease in the exhaust tailpipe NOx emission with the increasing value of BSFC. The NOx emission form algae biodiesel decreased from 820 ppm to 200 ppm when BSFC value increased from 275 g/kW.h to 625 g/kW.h. Finally, results show that algae produce highest CO, CO2 and HC emissions when comparted to the 1st and 2nd generation biodiesel.