关键词： Heat fluxes   Thermal features   Dome subsidence   Volcano-ice interactions   Glaciovolcanic caves   Fumarolic activity  

摘要： The crater of Mount St. Helens has undergone significant changes since the end of the 2004-2008 eruption cycle. Heat output from the new lava dome has decreased constantly in different phases of cooling. At the same time, the lava dome morphology changed, including substantial subsidence. Herein we present long-term dome evolution within the St. Helens crater by combining field investigations and remote sensing data. Repeated surveys of subglacial caves provide evidence for a new phase of dome cooling and reduced fumarolic activity. While the caves remained consistent or became larger before 2022, the latest field campaigns in 2023 indicated a strong volume reduction. One example is Mothra Cave, which reduced from 797.4 to 189.8 m in surveyed length in one year (2022 to 2023). These observations are supported by decreasing fumarole temperatures in/near the cave systems located at the dome flanks (trending towards 0 degrees C) as well as decreasing fumarole temperatures at the dome summit (similar to 380 degrees C in 2014/2015, similar to 90 degrees C in 2021;similar to 60 degrees C in 2024). Although ASTER data similarly revealed an overall cooling of the lava dome, field investigations enabled a more precise determination of the temperature distribution. As revealed by LiDAR data, the new 2004-2008 lava dome decreased in elevation more than 35 m from 2009 to 2019. In contrast, almost no elevation change was observed at the old 1980-1986 dome. The elevation loss is strongly related to initial dome growth structures. Drone images further characterized structures on the new dome, demonstrating correlations between fumarolic areas and substrate and morphology. Since lava dome degradation is associated with numerous hazards, information about their long-term development as well as the comparison between various parameters and their response time can contribute to hazard forecasts.

关键词： Exercise   Muscular diseases   Neuromuscular diseases   Outcome measures   Physical activity   Healthy lifestyle  

摘要： The 281st ENMC workshop on exercise in muscle diseases was held on October 4-6, 2024. The workshop study group included people with lived experience, healthcare professionals and researchers from different disciplines. To facilitate improved application of exercise in daily practice, this workshop aimed to reach a consensus on recommendations for exercise prescription and outcome measures. There were sessions on 1) scientific evidence on exercise prescription and current practice (based on international online surveys of people with muscle diseases and healthcare professionals), 2) outcome measures, and 3) long-term continuation of exercise. Based on the scientific evidence, survey results and group discussions during the workshop sessions, a strong consensus (all attendees agreed) was reached that personalized exercise is safe and beneficial for people with muscle diseases and is recommended. Recommendations were formulated for the frequency, intensity, time, and type of aerobic and resistance exercise, as well as potential outcome measures for future studies.

关键词： Legionella pneumophila   Epidemiology   Genomic investigation   Genotypic resistance   Antimicrobial resistance   Macrolide resistance  

摘要： Objectives: The incidence of Legionnaires' disease steadily increases worldwide. Although Legionella pneumophila is known as pathogenic, systematic investigations into antibiotic resistance are scarce, and reports of resistance in isolates are recently emerging. Methods: Clinical cases and metadata reported to the Belgian National Reference Centre between 2011 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 283 clinical isolates were typed by core genome multi- locus sequence typing (cgMLST). Acquired genes or mutations triggering resistance were extracted from all of them. Results: The number of Legionnaires' disease cases has increased in Belgium. Urinary antigen testing remains the main used test, but polymerase chain reaction and serology allow the diagnostic in 14.8% and 2.4% of cases, respectively. cgMLST showed a good discrimination between sequence typing (ST) and minimal variation for ST47 isolates, whereas ST1s were more diverse. Genotypic screening identified a 23S ribosomal RNA mutation linked to a high-level macrolide resistance in one isolate of ST188, which is genetically closed to resistant isolates from France. Conclusion: The increase in incidence is of concern and likely an under-estimate due to the reliance on urine antigen testing. Routine typing by cgMLST allows good discrimination and the first clinical isolate reported as resistant for macrolides was cultured, underscoring the need to define resistance breakpoints and incorporate antimicrobial susceptibility testing as routine clinical investigation practice. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

关键词： hemodialysis membranes   fluid dynamics simulation   biocompatibility and efficiency  

摘要： Hemodialysis is a crucial procedure for removing toxins and waste from the body when kidneys fail to perform this function effectively. This study addresses the need to improve the efficiency and biocompatibility of membranes used in dialyzers. We simulate fluid flow through two types of membranes, Cuprophan (cellulosic) and AN69ST (synthetic), to understand the complex mechanisms involved and quantify key variables such as pressure, concentration, and flow. This study presents a detailed model that applies mass conservation equations and Navier-Stokes principles adapted for porous media, along with heat and mass transfer considerations. The results revealed significant differences in the flow behavior and filtration efficiency between the two membranes, highlighting the superiority of the AN69ST membrane in terms of flow rate and toxin removal. This model serves as a valuable tool for characterizing new porous membranes in dialysis applications, enabling the prediction of the temperature, pressure, and concentration profiles. By providing this information without requiring extensive experimentation, the model complements the design and evaluation of new membranes and, optimizes their development. The ability to predict these profiles is crucial because they directly influence the parameters that determine treatment effectiveness. Moreover, this study underscores the importance of continued innovation in membrane materials and designs, contributing to improved clinical outcomes and treatment efficiency, representing a significant advancement in healthcare.

关键词： STEMI   door-to-balloon time   pre-hospital strategies   in-hospital processes   technological innovations   quality improvement  

摘要： This narrative review aims to evaluate strategies for reducing door-to-balloon (D2B) time in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, focusing on pre-hospital, in-hospital, and technological innovations, as well as addressing challenges to ensure sustainability. We reviewed recent literature from 2004 onward, examining various approaches to streamline STEMI care and improve D2B time. The review encompasses pre-hospital interventions such as advanced ECG monitoring and pre-hospital alerts, in-hospital strategies such as standardized protocols and streamlined processes, and technological innovations such as automated ECG interpretation, mobile applications, and telemedicine. Pre-hospital strategies have demonstrated significant benefits in reducing D2B times through early diagnosis and rapid communication. In-hospital approaches, including the use of clinical pathways and decision support systems, contribute to minimizing delays and enhancing coordination among healthcare providers. Technological innovations, such as automated ECG systems and telemedicine, facilitate quicker diagnosis and treatment initiation. However, challenges such as resource limitations, staff turnover, and variability in care processes persist. Addressing these challenges through continuous quality improvement, standardized care protocols, and data-driven analytics is crucial for sustaining improvements. Effective reduction in D2B time in STEMI care requires a multifaceted approach involving pre-hospital and in-hospital strategies, as well as leveraging technological advancements. Overcoming challenges and ensuring sustainability demands ongoing commitment to quality improvement, resource management, and standardized protocols. By integrating these strategies, healthcare systems can enhance the timeliness of STEMI care and improve patient outcomes.

摘要： 科技实力是企业建立竞争优势的核心要素,也是支撑企业高速成长的关键动力.科技企业作为培育新质生产力的重要载体和推动经济高质量发展的生力军,提升科技实力尤为重要.本期专题分享科技发展策略、协同创新路径以及核心技术突破模式,希望对企业技术实力跃升有所裨益.

关键词： Buddhism   Mongolia   post-secularity   socio-religious processes  

摘要： The article examines the primary trends in the evolution of socio-religious dynamics in Mongolia during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. It offers a historical analysis of the interplay between the state and religious institutions following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the democratic reforms of the 1990s. The conclusion of the 20th century marked a notable increase in religiosity, with Buddhism maintaining a prominent role. Concurrently, influenced by global developments, there was an emergence of Protestantism and other nontraditional religious movements. The findings indicate that contemporary Mongolian society exhibits characteristics of post-secularity, characterized by active engagement between political authorities and the Buddhist clergy, as evidenced by public declarations from the nation's leadership. While it can be asserted that Mongolian society remains largely religious, there is a discernible trend of rising atheism among the youth. Recently, there has been a growing demand within Mongolian society for the establishment of a national ideology that can unify diverse social and political factions, with Buddhism being proposed as the most suitable religion to achieve this cohesion among the Mongolian populace. © 2025, Altai State University. All rights reserved.