摘要： 2025 年 2 月 17 日召开的民营企业座谈会,为全国民营经济注入了一剂"强心针".本次会议传递的"激发活力""优化环境"等信号,为食品安全行业发展提供了方向性指引.食品安全关乎民生根本,更是民营经济高质量发展的"生命线",此次座谈会,我看到的不仅是政策扶持的"定心丸",更是一次对行业本质的叩问:当科技飞速发展、竞争内卷时,食品安全企业如何守住底线,实现高质量发展.

关键词： Andalusian music   cultural synthesis   Medieval   Muvashshah   Zecel  

摘要： This article examines the contributions to musical culture of the Muslim, Christian and Jewish communities that coexisted in Andalusia for seven centuries. Andalusia provided a multicultural environment in which Islamic, Christian and Jewish traditions fused, and this interaction significantly influenced the development of music and poetry. Arab-Andalusian music is particularly known for its unique verse and music genres such as the Muwashshah and the Zajel. These genres were influential not only in the Iberian Peninsula but also in North Africa and Europe, shaping medieval European poetry and music. Muvashshah is a genre of poetry that emerged in Andalusia in the 10th century and has a musical structure that blends different languages such as Arabic-Romance and Hebrew. Zajel, on the other hand, is a more popular and colloquial form, developed especially by poets such as Ibn Kuzman. Both genres reflect the multicultural nature of al-Andalus and contributed to the emergence of troubadour poetry in Western European literature. The development of the Andalusian school of music became more systematized, especially with the contributions of musicians such as Ziryab, and spread from court music to folk music. Andalusian music had a great impact on the understanding of music not only in the Islamic world but also in Europe and became an important art form reflecting the cultural interaction of Christian, Jewish and Muslim communities. This interaction left lasting traces on forms such as Mozarab music, Sephardic music and the Castilian villancico genre. As a result, Andalusian music and literature functioned as a bridge between Islamic and Western cultures and became one of the most important elements of artistic and cultural interaction throughout the Middle Ages. © 2025, Tolga Karaca. All rights reserved.

摘要： Die bipolare affektive Störung (BAS) stellt aufgrund ihrer Schwere und psychosozialen Auswirkungen eine bedeutende Herausforderung in der psychiatrischen Versorgung dar. Sie ist gekennzeichnet durch manische und depressive Episoden und betrifft etwa 1–5 % der Bevölkerung. Trotz intensiver Forschung sind die pathophysiologischen Mechanismen der BAS noch nicht vollständig verstanden. Biologische Marker wie Interleukine, Tumornekrosefaktor (TNF) und C-reaktives Protein (CRP) sowie Veränderungen in der Gehirnstruktur, etwa in der weißen Substanz, zeigen Zusammenhänge mit dem Krankheitsverlauf und spezifischen Faktoren wie der Dauer der Krankheit und der Anzahl der Krankheitsphasen. Ein weiteres vielversprechendes Forschungsfeld betrifft Neurofilamente (sNfL), die als Marker für neuroaxonale Schäden dienen. In einer unserer Studien untersuchten wir, ob sNfL mit der Schwere der BAS und ihrem Verlauf korreliert. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass erhöhte sNfL-Werte bei einer längeren Krankheitsdauer und einer höheren Anzahl manischer Episoden vorliegen. Diese Ergebnisse stimmen mit vorherigen Studien überein und deuten darauf hin, dass sNfL ein potenzieller Biomarker für die BAS sein könnte. Insgesamt könnten entzündungs- und neurobiologische Marker, insbesondere in Bezug auf neurodegenerative Prozesse, in Zukunft eine wichtige Rolle in der Diagnose und Therapie der BAS spielen.

关键词： cereals   climate change   development   mortality   survival   weather  

摘要： Nilaparvata lugens (St & aring;l) is a serious sucking insect of rice in the world. Temperature significantly alters insect growth, development and reproduction parameters. The present study determines the required thermal constants and their effect on the life table parameters of N. lugens, focusing on the impact of temperature. Temperature-dependent linear and non-linear developmental rates, stage-specific mortality and fecundity model functions were fitted at five constant temperature regimes (18-34 degrees C). The Insect Life Cycle Modelling (ILCYM) software was used to fit non-linear equations and to establish an overall phenology model to simulate life table parameters for each constant temperature. The lower temperature development thresholds (LTT) and thermal constants (k) were identified for each developmental stage from egg to adult and estimated from a linear function. At constant temperatures between 18 and 34 degrees C, the developmental duration of eggs and nymphs shortens with higher temperatures, with optimal development observed between 22 and 30 degrees C. Similarly, the maximum fecundity was observed at 26 degrees C, and life table parameters were calculated through stochastic simulations. Life table parameters indicated higher intrinsic growth rates (r(m)) and net reproductive rate (R-0) at 26 and 30 degrees C. Additionally, the models were validated with observed and simulated values. Life table parameters, mortality and developmental time were similar to predicted values. The study's findings will help with risk assessment in the context of climate change scenarios for this pest of rice. Further, this study will help devise monitoring strategies against this pest and develop a decision support system for implementation in rice-integrated pest management.

关键词： Ageing   Survey data   Public services   Sociospatial differences   Spatial data   Ageing   Survey data   Public services   Sociospatial differences   Spatial data  

摘要： Against the background of demographic ageing in cities, it becomes increasingly more important to study the living conditions of old persons. Using municipal statistical data from the Inner City Monitoring System and geodata, the study examined the number of facilities for the provision of services of general interest in the areas of health and the needs of daily living in urban districts of major German cities. The focus is on districts with a high proportion of people aged 65 years and over in order to assess if there is sufficient provision of infrastructure for older people. In addition, survey data are combined with municipal statistical data in order to examine self-assessments of the distances to such facilities. The results show small-scale disparities as there are significant differences between old and young districts (few people aged 65 years and older). There are fewer pharmacies and post offices in older districts. The accessibility of the infrastructure within walking distance is rated worse in old districts than in young districts. This can be particularly problematic for very old and less mobile people whose radius of mobility is limited to the residential area. It can be concluded that small-scale municipal monitoring is crucial to detect gaps in the infrastructure. In further studies, the actual use of infrastructures and the diversity in the group of older people are taken into account.

摘要： 新时代如何推动民营经济发展壮大,解决好信心不足、方向不清等问题,成为当下各界共同关切和讨论的重大议题. 贯彻落实好民营企业座谈会精神,要在六个方面下功夫:一是要在理论上重新定义和创新民营经济、民营企业和民营企业家概念;二是要在情绪上重振信心,民营企业要坚定强国建设民族复兴的信心、坚定长周期转折之期布局新产业的信心、坚定中国民营经济发展前景的信心,服务社会主义现代化事业,与国家发展共进退;三是要在实践上重辟路径,精准把握物理、数字双空间,勇于开辟发展双通道、打造双引擎;四是要在管理上重新升级,围绕高质量发展要求,建立现代企业治理制度、优化企业股权结构、打造企业和产品品牌、发挥民营企业创新优势,不断推动民营经济"强魂壮骨";五是要在团队上重获新生,将企业家精神作为社会发展的重要因素,培育壮大民营企业家队伍;六是要在氛围上重塑和谐,围绕市场、法治、舆论三个重点,优化民营经济发展营商环境.