关键词： desegregation   school choice   racial discrimination   law  

摘要： Drawing on Boddie's adaptive discrimination framework, this article analyzes changes in demographic trends from 2002-2021. Our findings reveal a continuation of several longstanding trends, including increased racial/ethnic diversity in public school enrollment;deepening racial isolation within districts;persistent, high isolation for Black students;high but declining isolation for white students;growing isolation for Hispanic and Asian students;and substantial variation across regions. The growth of charter school enrollment and segregation since 2002 is striking, with substantial increases in many urban areas. Seventy years after Brown v. Board of Education, these trends reveal the continued effects of adaptive discrimination via privatization.

关键词： cultural religious activity   Polish society   religious education   Republic of Poland   Roman Catholic Church  

摘要： Among the pressing issues of modern Polish society development, cultural and religious problems hold a prominent place. Traditionally, the cultural and religious realm has been the field of activity for the Roman Catholic clergy, which has achieved significant success in this domain. This article focuses on the study of the cultural and religious activities of the Roman Catholic Church (RCC) in the Polish society from the second half of the 20th to the beginning of the 21st century. The research methodology is grounded in the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity, and scientific rigor, as well as the utilization of general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, and generalization, on a socioculteral approach. During the processing of the source base, methods of historical cultural and analytical analysis, criticism, and periodization, classification and typologization have been applied. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that a new conceptual vision of the cultural and religious activities of the RCC in the Polish society in the second half of the 20th – to the beginning of the 21st centuries has been proposed, its main directions have been outlined, and its impact on society and on the rise of the national consciousness of the Poles has been characterized. Conclusions. Throughout the second half of the 20th to the beginning of the 21st century, the RCC served as a bearer of national consciousness, preserving language, cultural traditions, and historical memory. The cultural and religious influence of the church on Polish society was significant in shaping moral values. Its influence on education, art, and public behaviour contributed to the maintenance of traditional values and the establishment of ethical norms. Religious education, the Roman Catholic press, became key factors in the cultural and religious life of the Polish society. The RCC adapted to new social realities. It maintained its

关键词： Heart failure   Radiology (diagnostics)   Cardiothoracic surgery   Thrombosis   Cardiovascular system  

摘要： Aortic root thrombosis (ART) is a rare but serious complication following the placement of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVAD). We present the case of a patient with idiopathic non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy who developed a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) secondary to ART after CF-LVAD placement. The patient was treated conservatively with antiplatelet therapy and increased international normalized ratio (INR) goal with resolution of thrombus on repeat imaging. ART may be an under-recognised complication in patients with CF-LVAD. Stasis of blood at the aortic root in patients with CF-LVAD may contribute to the development of ART. Management of these patients presenting with myocardial infarction should be individualised by using a multidisciplinary team approach. Our case report suggests conservative management of NSTEMI secondary to ART in patients with CF-LVAD with antiplatelet therapy and an increased INR goal as a reasonable treatment approach.

摘要： Earth observation data are increasingly used to estimate the magnitude and geographic distribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and reduce overall uncertainty in the global carbon budget, including for forests. Here, we report on a revised and updated geospatial, Earth-observation-based modeling framework that maps GHG emissions, carbon removals, and the net balance between them globally for forests from 2001 to 2023 at roughly 30 m resolution, hereafter referred to as the Global Forest Watch (GFW) model (see the "Code and data availability" section). Revisions address some of the original model's limitations, improve model inputs, and refine the uncertainty analysis. We found that, between 2001 and 2023, global forest ecosystems were, on average, a net sink of -5.5 +/- 8.1 Gt CO(2)e yr(-1) (gigatonnes of CO2 equivalent per year +/- 1 standard deviation), which reflects the balance of 9.0 +/- 2.7 Gt CO(2)e yr(-1) of GHG emissions and -14.5 +/- 7.7 Gt CO2 yr(-1) of removals, with an additional -0.20 Gt CO2 yr(-1) transferred into harvested wood products. Uncertainty in gross removals was greatly reduced compared with the original model due to the refinement of uncertainty for carbon removal factors in temperate secondary forests. After reallocating GFW's gross CO2 fluxes into anthropogenic fluxes from forest land and deforestation categories to increase the conceptual similarity with national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs), we estimated a global net anthropogenic forest sink of -3.6 Gt CO2 yr(-1), excluding harvested wood products, with the remaining net CO2 flux of -2.2 Gt CO2 yr(-1) reported by the GFW model as non-anthropogenic. Although the magnitude of GFW's translated estimates aligns relatively well with aggregated NGHGIs, the temporal trends differ. Translating Earth-observation-based flux estimates into the same reporting framework that countries use for NGHGIs helps build confidence around land use carbon fluxes and supports independent evaluation of

关键词： lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio   microvascular obstruction   ST-segment elevation   myocardial infarction   percutaneous coronary intervention  

摘要： Background Current research suggests that microvascular obstruction (MVO) following the first percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in myocardial infarction patients is closely related to inflammatory responses. The lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein (CRP) ratio (LCR), as a novel inflammatory marker, is associated with the prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the relationship between LCR and MVO remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlation between LCR and MVO in STEMI patients undergoing PCI. Methods This was a single-center retrospective study. We consecutively enrolled STEMI patients who underwent PCI at Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China, from September 2019 to December 2023. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was used to assess infarct size and the presence of MVO. Results A total of 551 patients were included in this study, with 267 (48.5%) experiencing MVO. The median time for CMR imaging-based detection of MVO was 5 days (interquartile range: 4, 6). Univariate regression analysis revealed that age, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), peak high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), LCR, LGE percentage (LGE%), and MVO percentage (MVO%) were significantly associated with MVO (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis identified LCR as an independent predictor of MVO [Odds Ratio = 0.18, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.04-0.75, p = 0.019]. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that LCR had predictive capability for MVO, with a sensitivity of 80.1% and specificity of 45.4% when the LCR value was 0.091 [area under the curve (AUC): 0.654, 95% CI: 0.609-0.700, p < 0.001]. A new predictive model incorporating LCR improved the prediction of MVO occurrence (AUC = 0.815, p < 0.001), with significant diffe

关键词： women's lives   widowhood   Smithfield   John Shirley   anthologies   Bodleian MS Ashmole 59   John Lydgate   Geoffrey Chaucer  

摘要： Widows made up a visible contingent of lay residents in the close of St Bartholomew's Hospital, Smithfield, in the mid-fifteenth century. Several of these women formed an intentional community of friends, some of whom had fled to the hospital in response to traumas including abduction and rape. Widowed friends Joan Astley, Alice Shipley, and Joan Newmarch formed an important audience for a literary anthology-now Bodleian Library MS Ashmole 59-copied by John Shirley. Shirley was an accomplished scribe and their neighbour in the close, and this article focuses on two poems that he copied successively into the volume: Lydgate's 'A Freonde at Nede' and Chaucer's 'Fortune'. In different ways, the poems valorise friendship as ongoing support for those victimised by fortune. The literary works articulate ideals of friendship that align with the forms of community that widows created in the hospital close, a place of 'succour' where women found comfort and help from their 'best friends' in times of need.

关键词： cardiogenic shock   inferior STEMI   prognosis   in-hospital outcomes  

摘要： Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a frequent presentation of anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI);however, data regarding disease progression and outcomes in inferior STEMI complicated by CS are scarce. The present study aims to analyze the prevalence, patterns of disease progression, and outcomes of inferior STEMI-CS. Methods: The INSTINCT (Inferior ST-elevation myocardial Infarction complicated by Cardiogenic shock) Registry retrospectively included consecutive patients who developed CS following inferior STEMI treated at three centers in Italy from 2015 to 2023. Data regarding CS stage according to the Society of Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) upon diagnosis of shock and during disease progression and in-hospital outcomes were collected. Patients were defined "worsening" (WPs) if the SCAI stage increased. Results: A total of 130 patients developed CS after inferior STEMI and were included in the analysis, the mean age was 69.8 +/- 12.4 years, and 31.5% were female. The rate of in-hospital mortality was 22.3%;predictors of in-hospital mortality were cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) > 20 min or refractory cardiac arrest (CA) (OR [CI]: 9.67 [3.17-29.51]), persistently low systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR [CI]: 12.91 [2.47-68.82]), and increase in lactates (OR [CI]: 3.53 [1.42-7.87]) during medical management. Twenty (15.4%) patients experienced worsening CS;WPs had a significantly higher rate of in-hospital mortality (13 [65%] vs. 15 [13.6%], p < 0.001), major bleeding (4 [20%] vs. 7 [6.4%], p = 0.044), and mechanical circulatory support weaning failure (7 [35%] vs. 3 [2.7%], p = 0.032). Conclusions: The in-hospital mortality rate of inferior STEMI complicated by CS was 22.3%. Predictors of in-hospital mortality included prolonged CPR, persistently low SBP, and elevated lactates. Progression through SCAI stages was rare but associated with significantly higher mortality and complication rates.

摘要： Follicular lymphoma (FL) outcomes are influenced by host immune activity. CD20-directed therapy plus programmed cell death 1 inhibition (PD-1i) increases T-cell tumor killing and natural killer cell antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. Mounting evidence supports immune priming using PD-1i before cancer directed agents. Our multicenter, phase 2 1st FLOR study enrolled 39 patients with previously untreated advanced-stage FL to receive 4 cycles of nivolumab (240 mg), then 4 cycles of 2-weekly nivolumab plus rituximab 375 mg/ m2 (induction), then 1 year of monthly nivolumab (480 mg) plus 2 years of 2-monthly rituximab maintenance. Participants with complete response (CR) after nivolumab priming continued nivolumab monotherapy. The primary end point was toxicity during induction. Adverse events of grade >= 3 during induction occurred in 33% (n = 13);most commonly elevated amylase/lipase (15%), liver enzyme derangement (11%), and infection (10%). Three patients discontinued nivolumab secondary to toxicity. Overall response rate was 92% (CR, 59%). Median follow-up was 51 months. Median and 4-year progression-free survival (PFS) were 61 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2-72) and 58% (95% CI, 34-97);70% of responders remained in CR. The 4-year overall survival was 95%. High baseline total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis conferred inferior PFS (P = .04 and P = .02). Additionally, high baseline tumor CD8A gene expression was associated with improved PFS (P = .03). Nivolumab priming followed by nivolumab-rituximab in treatment- na & iuml;ve FL is associated with favorable toxicity and high response rates, potentially providing an alternative to chemotherapy. TMTV and high tumor CD8A expression are promising immunotherapy biomarkers for FL. This trial was registered at *** as #NCT03245021.