关键词： China   classes of capital   distant water fishing   industrial fisheries  

摘要： China is the home of the world's largest distant water fishing (DWF) fleet. Narratives of its expansion portray China as a voracious consumer of ocean resources, as a serial abuser of labour and as aggressively expanding into developing country waters in an 'extractivist' drive that destroys small scale fishers' livelihoods. Yet, what does taking a historical and relational view tell us about China's activities vis-& agrave;-vis other DWF nations? Is the relationship with coastal states an example of 'neocolonialism' or, as the Chinese party-state insists, 'mutual benefit'? And should one read China's DWF fleet as a tool of 'grand strategy' directed from Beijing or as rational profit-seeking individual firms, opportunistically driven into new frontiers by the exhaustion of domestic resources? This article seeks to navigate these binaries to argue that China's DWF fleet is the most recent example in a long history of pelagic imperialism by advanced capitalist fishing interests, where fish are a raw material in a wider generative industrial strategy and fishing activity is a tool in geopolitics. It is argued that China's DWF fleet is best understood as a relatively coherent cluster of capitals-in-competition, set in a mosaic of variegated state-capital relations, in tension at different relational scales. The article also offers suggestions for future research on DWF industries.

关键词： Phasmida   phasmids   stick insects   Anareolatae   Phasmatidae   Platycraninae   Stephanacridini   Sadyattes   Eucarcharus   new species   new synonyms   eggs   descriptions   keys   Philippines  

摘要： The genus Sadyattes St & aring;l, 1875 is a poorly understood clade of stick insects of the subfamily Platycraninae and tribe Stephanacridini, that currently comprises three species from Borneo as well as type-species S. borrii St & aring;l, 1875 whose locality is as yet a mystery. In its present recognition the genus is here shown to be paraphyletic and research has revealed that a number of species currently attributed to other genera, one of which is not even closely related, actually belong in Sadyattes. To elucidate these shortcomings a taxonomic review of Sadyattes at the species level is presented along with a generic redescription. Sadyattes is distributed throughout the land masses of the Sunda Shelf (Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Java and Sumatra with some of its surrounding islands) and the Philippine Islands. Differential diagnoses as well as notes on intraspecific variability and the distributions are provided for all known species, including new descriptions and combinations, with most species also illustrated. Keys are presented to distinguish females and males. The genus Eucarcharus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 is found to be a synonym of Sadyattes and thus synonymised (syn. nov.). The two Philippine species previously contained in Eucarcharus, E. fallax Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 and E. feruloides (Westwood, 1859), are automatically transferred to Sadyattes, which results in two new generic combinations (comb. nov.). Four species are transferred to Sadyattes from other genera, which results in another four new generic combinations (comb. nov.): the Bornean S. decoris (Seow-Choen, 2016) and S. incertus (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) from Peninsular Malaysia, Bangka Island and the Andaman Islands from the genus Phobaeticus Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907 (Clitumninae: Pharnaciini), the Bornean S. nigricornis (Redtenbacher, 1908) from the genus Pharnacia St & aring;l, 1877 (Clitumninae: Pharnaciini), and the Philippine S. leytensis (Zompro, 1997) from the genus

摘要： This study aims to show how a Smithian political economy approach could assist competition law in addressing the challenges of the 21st-century economy. We revisit Smith's Wealth of Nations to provide a more nuanced understanding of his views, contrasting them with the prevailing libertarian interpretation called here 'Chicago Smith'. This interpretation has significantly influenced competition policy, serving as the silent foundation of the Chicago School of Antitrust and the Neoclassical Competition Policy. After debunking the Chicago Smith narrative, we explore how Smith's work can inform modern competition policy. Notably, Smith's dual ideal of republican freedom and prosperity of the least fortunate could inspire a recalibration of competition law, offering alternatives to the consumer welfare standard through two new operational standards: the 'effective competitive constraints' standard and the 'most vulnerable consumers' standard. Furthermore, Smith's insights suggest that a methodological upgrading of competition law requires incorporating the concepts and tools of neoclassical economics into a broader complexity science framework. A Smith-inspired political economy approach to competition law could enable antitrust institutions to overcome the limitations of the neoclassical competition policy and effectively promote competition amid digital transformation and green transition.

关键词： Population genetics   Europe   Greece   Serbia   Slovenia   Croatia   Phenotypes   Species diversity  

摘要： Invasive species such as Halyomorpha halys (St & aring;l, 1855), the brown marmorated stink bug, pose a significant threat to agriculture due to their rapid spread and adaptability. The aim of this study is to assess the phenotypic variability of H. halys populations by analyzing the size and shape morphology of the anterior and posterior wings and to determine whether geometric morphometrics can serve as a cost-effective alternative to genetic methods for tracking invasion patterns. Populations from four southern European countries (Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia and Greece) with 540 specimens and 2,160 wings were analysed and showed clear phenotypic differences in wing morphology consistent with the known invasion dynamics previously determined by genetic studies. Mahalanobis distances highlight the close morphological relationship between the Serbian and Slovenian populations, suggesting common ancestry or recent gene flow, while the Greek and Croatian populations show significant differences, suggesting different invasion pathways or rapid morphological adaptation. The Greek population exhibited lower phenotypic plasticity, whereas the Serbian population displayed the greatest variation, likely reflecting the influence of multiple invasion sources. These results show that wing morphology can reliably detect invasion-related patterns and phenotypic plasticity and is a valuable tool for biomonitoring in integrated pest management programs, especially in areas where genetic methods are less feasible. This study highlights the utility of geometric morphometrics in monitoring the spread and adaptation of invasive species such as H. halys in different environments.