关键词： brown marmorated stink bug   gut content   harmonic radar   Hemiptera   host plant   insect-plant interactions   invasive species   orchard   Pentatomidae   trap  

摘要： We assessed the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (St & aring;l) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), seasonal patterns of host use and/or preference using three diverse approaches. We compared H. halys captures in small pyramid traps baited with H. halys aggregation pheromone and deployed them in the mid-canopy of individual host trees during discrete intervals over two seasons. Whereas captures were greatest in the late season, there was no significant effect of host tree species on captures, with the presence of pheromone lures likely confounding the results. Harmonic radar was used to measure the retention duration of tagged H. halys on potted trees, including Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae), Celtis occidentalis L. (Cannabaceae), Morus rubra L. Moraceae, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Rosaceae), and Malus domestica Mill. (Rosaceae) as a proxy for host acceptability. Season-long, adults were retained significantly longer on P. persica and pheromone-baited M. domestica (positive control) compared with the non-host grass treatment (negative control). For nymphs, significantly longer retention was recorded on nearly all hosts compared with the non-host grass treatment. We also evaluated the results of molecular gut content analysis of adults collected in the early and late seasons. Plant DNA from 22 genera across 18 families was detected. Commonly detected early-season hosts included Betula, Diospyros, Juglans, Liriodendron, Prunus, Rubus, and Sisymbrium and late-season hosts included Ailanthus, Chenopodium, Juglans, Persicaria, and Prunus. Overall, harmonic radar provided context for seasonal changes in host acceptability, and gut content results provided confirmation of specific host usage at different points in the season. Combining these two methods could provide a more comprehensive approach for defining host use patterns of this polyphagous pest.

摘要： BackgroundMorphine is used to control pain in ST-elevation myocardial infarction but reduces P2Y12 inhibition. It is not known if this modulation of platelet inhibition appreciably affects clinical *** screened 979 articles and identified seven studies that met the eligibility criteria for meta-analysis. Outcomes included 11 metrics across angiographic and clinical domains. A random effects model assessed heterogeneity between *** opiate group showed decreased achievement of postprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 2 flow relative to placebo [risk ratio (RR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.97, p = 0.03, I2 = 0.0%]. All other metrics listed below showed no statistically significant difference between groups: infarct size, microvascular obstruction, microvascular/salvage index, absence of pre- percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) TIMI 3 flow, postprocedural TIMI 2 flow, postprocedural TIMI 3 flow, all-cause mortality, stroke, repeat MI, unstable angina, and left ventricular ejection fraction. However, there were no statistically significant differences in infarct size [odds ratio (OR) - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.37 to 0.17, p = 0.42], microvascular obstruction [standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.02, 95% CI - 0.12 to 0.16, p = 0.82], microvascular obstruction/salvage index (SMD = - 0.05, 95% CI - 0.24 to 0.13, p = 0.57), absence of pre-PCI TIMI 3 flow (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.79-1.22, p = 0.87), and postprocedural TIMI 3 flow (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.84-1.79, p = 0.28) between the two *** STEMI, opiates correlate with worse angiographic outcomes, specifically postprocedural TIMI 2 flow. However, this observation does not appear to be clinically consequential.

关键词： S-T connectivity   GPU   Dynamic Graphs  

摘要： ST-connectivity poses a decision problem, determining whether, for vertices s and t within a graph, t is reachable from s. The challenge arises in the context of dynamic real-world graphs that undergo rapid evolution over time. In these scenarios, repeatedly solving the s-t connectivity problem from the beginning after each graph modification becomes impractical. Although parallel solutions, especially designed for GPUs, have been introduced to tackle the size complexity of static graphs, none have specifically addressed the concern of work efficiency in dynamic graphs. We propose an efficient solution for GPUs to the st-connectivity problem that can handle concurrent processing of batches of graph updates. We use batch information strategically to reduce the overall workload needed for updating the connectivity result. We provide experimental results based on standard datasets and with graphs of different characteristics and batch sizes to evaluate the proposed solutions efficiency.

关键词： Stadtplanung   Gesundheitsforderung   Pravention   Nichtubertragbare Krankheiten   Interdisziplinare Zusammenarbeit   Gesundheitsfolgenabschatzung   Urban planning   Health promotion   Prevention   Noncommunicable diseases   Interdisciplinary cooperation   Health impact assessment  

摘要： Background The importance of health-promoting urban planning is becoming increasingly relevant in view of increasing urbanization and the high global prevalence of noncommunicable diseases. Although there are legal requirements for the consideration of health aspects in urban planning processes, there is a need for action regarding the targeted strengthening of health-promoting potentials. Objectives This article examines important key factors in urban planning and their direct effects, which play a role in human health during the course of health-promoting planning. After reviewing these factors, the resulting consequences and approaches for action are presented. Results Key urban planning factors can positively influence various areas such as physical activity, nutrition, heat, air pollution, noise, or stress perception, which are associated with risk reduction and positive effects for several noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, or diabetes. Conclusion In the context of preventing noncommunicable diseases, greater consideration must be given to the design of the urban environment in the future. More interdisciplinary cooperation between urban planning and public health services is important. The integration of health impact assessments into urban development processes could help to better recognize and utilize the health-promoting potential of urban planning measures.

关键词： Spondylodiscitis   Biopsy   Culture yield   Antibiotics   Discitis  

摘要： Introduction: In cases of infectious spondylodiscitis (ISD) where blood cultures are negative, disco-vertebral puncture-biopsy (DVPB) is recommended. In the event of a sterile result, existing literature does not definitively answer the question of whether to initiate empirical antibiotic therapy or to conduct a second DVPB. The aim of this study was to assess the culture yield of DVPB in ISD and to identify the factors associated with a positive DVPB. Materials and methods: A retrospective single-center study was conducted, encompassing all adult patients with ISD having undergone DVPB between 01/01/2009 and 31/10/2021. Results: A total of 177 patients were included. The yield of the first DVPB was 48.6 %. The second DVPB yielded 8.7 % (p < 0.001). Factors significantly associated with the yield of the first DVPB included younger age (p = 0.003), higher CRP levels (p = 0.0496), larger needle size (p = 0.023), and histopathology supporting ISD (p = 0.001), while prior antibiotic therapy (p = 0.001) is a factor associated with negative culture. The second DVPB increased the culture yield by 19.3 %. Conclusion: The yield of the second biopsy is lower than that of the first biopsy but provides an additional diagnostic gain of 19.3%. Antibiotic therapy prior to DVB significantly decreases their yield. The utility of routine post-DVPB blood cultures appears to be limited.

关键词： connected autonomous vehicles   convolutional neural network   intrusion detection system   spatio-temporal correlation   XGBoost  

摘要： Advancements in 3GPP specifications and the extensive deployment of 5G networks have driven significant growth in the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs). This development has led to an increase in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), which provide capabilities such as automated navigation, ADAS, cruise control, and environmentally sustainable transportation in real-time. Additionally, the widespread adoption of CAVs has also escalated vulnerabilities within the IoV ecosystem, exposing it to potential cyberattacks. The integration of various functional interfaces has enlarged its attack surface, thereby increasing the risk of vehicle infiltration. Researchers have proposed various Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to address the ongoing risk of vehicle attacks, without applying encryption and related authentication methods for intra-and inter-vehicular communications. However, a significant limitation of many IDSs is their dependency on characteristics specific to a particular category of vehicles, which limits their adaptability. Additionally, current IDSs frequently rely on one-dimensional features such as traffic, time, etc., which limits their capability of detecting attacks in adverse scenarios. Moreover, incorporating machine learning algorithms into IDSs deployed in automated automobiles causes an increase in computational demands. We propose to develop a collaborative IDS specifically designed for cloud-based vehicle environments. We aim to improve our capabilities of identifying intrusion detection and differentiate which are malicious by using multidimensional features. A customised Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), optimised through hyperparameter tuning, is also developed for detecting the malicious vehicles and enhancing the overall IDS. To address the challenge of data diversity, we integrate various vehicular datasets into a unified feature space. This integration allows a single model to efficiently perform multi-classification tasks without frequent

关键词： 21st century   cross-cultural   France   leadership   millennials  

摘要： This study examines the impact of national culture on the perceived required leadership competencies for the 21st century among French millennials. To capture French millennial perception, the study relies on the qualitative research methodology and on semi-structured interviews with a sample of 22 French graduate students born between 1996 and 1999 attending an elite business school in France. The findings of the research indicate that participants do share similar perspectives on leadership with other millennials around the world including the expectation for a collaborative leadership style, more human orientation, and global leadership competencies. However, they also distinguish themselves by expecting certain leadership competencies influenced by their national culture such as the need for an autocratic and coercive style, a hierarchical and legitimate approach to leadership, and the need for the leader to be charismatic. The findings of this study bring a new perspective to the generational cohort theory and show that the implicit leadership theory adds value to the study on generations and more specifically on millennials. The managerial implications are that organizations operating in France should adjust their human policies to the French millennials' perception and not have a global approach when hiring and managing elite business schools' graduates. Furthermore, it shows that an organization that implements a transformational leadership style will be more successful in attracting and retaining millennials. The main limitation of this research is that it is based on the view of millennials graduating from an elite business school in France and does not consider graduates from other fields or from other "grandes & eacute;coles".

关键词： fallow deer   hemorrhagic septicemia   Pasteurella multocida, capsular-type B, ST64  

摘要： A sudden mass mortality involving 44 fallow deer (Dama dama) occurred in September 2020 at a game management area near Budapest, Hungary. The die-off affected both sexes and all age classes equally. On postmortem examination of 2 subadults and 1 fawn, we found average body condition, diffuse subcutaneous edema, swelling of peripheral lymph nodes, marked hemorrhages in lymph nodes along the esophagus and trachea, and left ventricular dilation. We isolated Pasteurella-like colonies from spleen, liver, small intestine, lung, and brain samples of 7 animals, and identified them as P. multocida serotype B:2 by amplifying kmt1, toxA, and hyaC-hyaD genes, capsular typing by PCR, and serotyping by agar gel diffusion precipitation test, which established the diagnosis of hemorrhagic septicemia as the cause of the outbreak. By further analysis, we determined that all of our P. multocida isolates encoded ptfA, fimA, hsf-2, nanH, hgbA, and pfhA, but we did not detect genes encoding toxA, hsf-1, tbpA, or tadD. We identified our strains by RIRDC MLST as sequence type (ST)122, characteristic for strains causing hemorrhagic septicemia, while using multi-host MLST analysis we assigned these strains to ST64 clustering with P. multocida strains from the 2015 hemorrhagic septicemia outbreak of saiga antelopes in Kazakhstan. We concluded that increased population density and aggregation due to limited drinking water availability played a role in initiating the outbreak.