关键词： 超级技术企业   全球人工智能治理   道德清洗   共生关系  

摘要： 在全球人工智能治理的复杂图景中,超级技术企业正以前所未有的方式塑造新型的地缘政治和治理格局.本研究探讨了超级技术企业在全球人工智能治理中的角色及其引发的深层挑战.在全球化浪潮和技术革命的双重推动下,超级技术企业迅速崛起,不仅成为技术创新的引领者和市场主导者,也逐渐演变为全球治理的关键参与者和规则制定者.本文揭示了驱动这些企业的多重动机——全球主义、民族主义和技术乌托邦主义的交织,及它们与主权国家之间微妙而复杂的共生关系.研究发现,自我规制作为一种"开明的自利"策略,已成为超级技术企业参与全球人工智能治理的重要路径.然而,这种模式也存在透明度不足等固有局限,甚至可能沦为"道德清洗"的工具.针对这些挑战,本文提出了构建更具包容性和韧性的全球治理架构的策略,旨在平衡私人资本与公共利益.本研究为未来的政策制定和国际合作提供了理论基础,以期在错综复杂的利益博弈中开辟一条更为合理的治理路径.

摘要： The predicted changes in timber storages and vegetation potential productivity in the taiga zone of European Russia in the 21st century is analyzed. The analysis is based on the ensemble climate change projections carried out with the MGO regional climate model and detailed calculations with the atmospheric boundary layer model. The return period of meteorological droughts in the middle and late 21st century is estimated, and the changes in the index characterizing moisture supply of plants during droughts are shown. It is demonstrated that the predicted changes in productivity and timber storages under climate warming, which are calculated based on future climate normals, can be refined by accounting for the intensity and frequency of droughts. The use of the correlation relationships describing the link between the climate normals of average annual temperature and precipitation and timber storages to estimate future timber storages by the end of the 21st century allows taking into account adverse effects of droughts and deficiency of available soil moisture on the state of plant communities.

关键词： Anterior wall STEMI   In-hospital heart-failure   NT-pro-BNP   Nosocomial pneumonia   Stress hyperglycaemia ratio  

摘要： Stress hyperglycaemia ratio (SHR) has been reported to be independently and significantly associated with various adverse cardiovascular events as well as mortality. Moreover, in-hospital heart failure following acute myocardial infarction has been demonstrated to account for majority of all heart failure (HF) cases with anterior myocardial infarction showing higher rates of HF. However, the association between SHR and in-hospital HF following an anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has not been reported earlier. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the relationship between SHR and in-hospital HF post STEMI. In this retrospective study electronic health records of 512 patients who presented with anterior STEMI from 01 January 2022 to 31 January 2024 were analysed. Based on the development of in-hospital HF, the enrolled patients were stratified into two groups: Group I, comprising of 290 patients who developed in-hospital HF and Group II comprising of 222 patients who did not develop in-hospital HF. ROC and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between SHR and in-hospital HF. The results revealed that SHR is a significant independent predictor of in-hospital HF (OR: 3.53; 95%CI: 2.02–6.15; p < 0.001). Apart from SHR, the results also identified age, nosocomial pneumonia, ventricular fibrillation, LVEF, and NT-pro-BNP levels as other independent predictors. ROC analysis showed that SHR independently had a moderate discriminative power with AUC: 0.683, 95% CI 0.605–0.762; p = 0.04, which was almost comparable to the combined predictive value of other independent risk factors (AUC: 0.726, 95% CI 0.677–0.784). Noticeably, combining SHR and other identified independent predictors demonstrated a significant predictive power (AUC: 0.813, 95% CI 0.757–0.881; p = 0.01). SHR is an independent predictor for in-hospital HF in anterior wall STEMI patients.

摘要： Climate change is an essential topic in climate science, and the accessibility of accurate, high-resolution datasets in recent years has facilitated the extraction of more insights from big-data resources. Nonetheless, current research predominantly focuses on mean-value changes and largely overlooks changes in the probability distribution. In this study, a novel method called Wasserstein Stability Analysis (WSA) is developed to identify probability density function (PDF) changes, especially the extreme event shift and nonlinear physical value constraint variation in climate change. WSA is applied to the early 21st century and compared with traditional mean-value trend analysis. The results indicate that despite no significant trend, the equatorial eastern Pacific experienced a decline in hot extremes and an increase in cold extremes, indicating a La Niña-like temperature shift. Further analysis at two Arctic locations suggests sea ice severely restricts the hot extremes of surface air temperature. This impact is diminishing as the sea ice melts. By revealing PDF shifts, WSA emerges as a powerful tool to re-examine climate change dynamics, providing enhanced data-driven insights for understanding climate evolution.

关键词： 数智化思维   "一把手"   领导班子   考评体系  

摘要： 习近平总书记强调,党要管党,首先是管好干部;从严治党,关键是从严治吏.利用数智化思维考评国有企业"一把手"和领导班子,不仅牵住了从严治党首先必须从严治吏的"牛鼻子",而且是落实《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的决定》精神,强化全面从严治党主体责任和监督责任,健全加强对"一把手"和领导班子监督配套制度建设的"压舱石".本研究通过运用数智化思维,就健全加强对国有企业"一把手"和领导班子考评体系的重要意义、有利条件进行了深入探讨,然后有针对性提出,利用数智化思维,建立"五大考评系统"主要路径的可行性,以期为完善国有企业"一把手"和领导班子考评管理信息数智化平台,提高国有企业实行精准化、科学化的监管能力,促进国有企业党的自我革命制度规范体系建设进一步完善提供有益参考.

关键词： 研发投入   收入规模   高管教育水平   企业绩效   门槛模型  

摘要： 本文以沪深证券交易所上市的广东省高新技术企业为研究对象，借鉴以往研究以研发强度、收入规模为门槛变量的基础上，进一步引入高管学历水平作为门槛变量，探讨研发投入对企业绩效产生的非线性影响，发现仅滞后一期研发投入单门槛效应显著，且研发投入低于1.67%产生抑制作用，高于1.67%则会显著促进企业绩效的提升，在1.67%～17.74%区间内，促进作用最佳；收入规模存在双门槛值，且不同收入规模的企业研发投入均抑制企业绩效的提升，当收入规模突破一定的界限，抑制作用减弱；存在高管教育水平单门槛效应使企业研发投入对企业绩效的影响有所不同，但抑制作用一直存在，且当高管教育水平超过一定限度，抑制作用明显增强。因此，要重视平衡研发风险与利益的关系，合理扩大企业收入规模，不唯学历搭建高管团队。