关键词： ESG评级   企业投资效率   融资约束   代理成本   政治寻租  

摘要： 基于2010-2022年A股上市公司的样本，将第三方商道融绿首次发布企业ESG评级作为准自然实验，并考察其对企业投资效率的影响。研究发现，ESG评级显著提高了企业投资效率。上述结果在经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制检验结果表明，ESG评级能够通过缓解企业融资约束、降低代理成本、减少企业政治寻租行为等途径提高企业投资效率。进一步分析发现，对于产品市场竞争程度较低、媒体关注度较高、成长期、管理层过度自信程度较低的企业而言，ESG评级对企业投资效率的促进作用更大；ESG评级还能减少企业金融资产投资，增加实体产业投资，促使企业“脱虚向实”；ESG评级只会减少过度投资问题，在投资不足的情形下，ESG评级仅对机构投资者持股比例较高的企业有益。本文的研究结果为企业探索有效投资路径、优化投资结构提供了新的视角，对贯彻落实党的二十大精神，推动经济实现高质量发展具有一定的现实意义。

关键词： 绿色创新   同群效应   行业同群   信息溢出  

摘要： 本文以我国上市公司为样本，从行业视角对绿色创新行业同群效应进行研究。结果发现：企业绿色创新水平受到同行公司影响，存在显著的行业同群效应。结论在考虑了内生性等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。从外部因素看，行业竞争水平和绿色技术信息溢出水平越高，同行对企业绿色创新的影响越大，增强了行业同群效应。同时，企业倾向于向规模较大的公司学习绿色技术，具有“向上学习”的特征。从内部因素看，企业绿色意愿正向调节同行对个体绿色创新的影响，增强了行业同群效应；较差的研发能力阻碍了企业对同行行为的模仿，削弱了行业同群效应。

关键词： 民营企业   营商环境   PPP项目   fsQCA  

摘要： 基于整体论的组态视角，以我国260个城市作为样本，采用fsQCA方法探究营商环境提升民营企业PPP项目参与度的驱动路径，并分地区探究样本空间情境差异。研究发现：单个营商环境因素并不构成实现民企PPP高参与度的必要条件，但良好的金融服务与创新环境为高参与度的实现发挥了积极作用；金融驱动型、市场助力型与政府主导型三类影响路径可有效产生高参与度。完善公共服务对东部城市民企PPP参与度的提高具有更普适的作用，而中西部城市通过发挥政府市场联动机制或优化金融服务可以提高民企PPP参与度。

摘要： Previously, we estimated the neutron flux from the synchrotron of the Konstantinov St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics, at various moderator configurations near the internal target used to create a neutron flux by the spallation reaction. In this work, we made a successful attempt to transmute Am-241.

关键词： 数字政府   “专精特新”中小企业   政府职能   企业发展  

摘要： 现有研究中鲜有关于数字政府建设推动“专精特新”中小企业培育影响机制与其路径研究。本文运用TOE框架,在把握“专精特新”中小企业地理分布特征的基础上,结合31个省(自治区、直辖市)数据,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQ CA)方法,探讨数字政府建设背景下技术、组织、环境条件影响“专精特新”中小企业培育绩效的可能路径。研究发现:(1)“专精特新”中小企业培育绩效存在地理相关性,整体呈现东强西弱的格局,出现江西、四川等异常值。(2)强数字技术创新、高数字化治理水平、高市场化水平和高数字化发展水平对提升“专精特新”中小企业培育绩效起到重要作用。(3)3条路径可以产生高“专精特新”中小企业培育绩效,分别是:技术型、环境-平衡型和技术-环境型。研究拓展了数字政府治理效应的研究广度,丰富了数字化转型背景下政府行为对“专精特新”中小企业培育绩效影响的研究深度,深化了对“专精特新”中小企业复杂培育机制的认识。

关键词： 新质生产力   产业政策   中国制造2025   二元边际视角  

摘要： 本文探讨了制造业转型升级对企业新质生产力发展的影响。文章以《中国制造2025》这一政策出台作为准自然实验，使用上市公司年报中“管理层分析与讨论”文本的数据构建新质生产力发展指标，运用双重差分法识别功能性产业政策对企业新质生产力发展的影响及作用机制，并探究新质生产力在扩展边际和集约边际上的展现形式。研究结果表明，制造业转型升级显著提升了企业新质生产力发展水平，该结论在PSM-DID、考虑处理效应异质性等一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。进一步分析表明，扩展边际上，这一政策效应体现为企业的经营多元化程度提高，表明功能性产业政策提高了制造业企业的产品网络复杂度；集约边际上，这一政策效应体现为企业的营业毛利率提升。制造业转型升级使制造业企业的差异化战略竞争力提升，而研发能力的提升、产业结构的升级和政府补贴的投入则可以加强这些政策效应。本文首次验证了制造强国战略在新质生产力方面的重要作用，为理解功能性产业政策实施需要针对具体市场制定更有效的产业政策和实现中国生产力高质量发展提供了学术依据。

关键词： inflammation   neutrophil percentage   serum albumin   C-reactive protein   NPAR   non-ST elevation myocardial infarction   adverse outcome  

摘要： Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) levels on admission have prognostic significance regarding one-year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 464 patients aged 59.2 ± 11.6 years constituted the cohort of this retrospectively designed study. Considering a 1-year follow-up period, the patients were divided into two groups: those with MACCEs and those without. The complete blood count, serum C-reactive protein and serum albumin levels were measured at admission. The NPAR, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) and systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index were calculated for all patients, and the associations of these inflammatory-based biomarkers with 1-year MACCEs were evaluated. Results: During the 12-month follow-up period, MACCEs were observed in 75 (16.2%) patients, of which 35 (7.5%) patients died. The patients with MACCEs had higher CRP (p < 0.001), a higher percentage of neutrophils (p < 0.001), lower albumin levels (p < 0.001), a higher CAR (p < 0.001), a higher SII index (p = 0.008) and a higher NPAR (p < 0.001). A high anatomical SxSI score, a high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, hypoalbuminemia, high neutrophil counts, a high NPAR level and a high CAR level were independent predictors for one-year MACCEs (all p < 0.05). The NPAR (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.775, p < 0.001) and albumin level (AUC = 0.708, p < 0.001) had better and sufficient discriminatory power and predictive accuracy in determining one-year MACCEs, when compared to the neutrophil (AUC = 0.693, p < 0.001), CAR (AUC = 0.639, p < 0.001) and SII index (AUC = 0.660, p < 0.001), in terms of the receiver operating characteristic curve. The DeLong test revealed that the predictive performance of the NPAR was superior to that of the other inflammatory parameters. In particular, individuals

关键词： evaluation of AIMS pathway   evaluation of suicide prevention pathway   recovery oriented care in suicide prevention   swemwbs   wellbeing during suicidal crisis  

摘要： Striking a balance between risk and recovery while supporting people in suicidal distress is a challenging proposition. To address this challenge, a 4-week AIMS (Assessment, Intervention, Monitoring, Step up/down) pathway was created to support people in suicidal crisis. Each of the four functions was customised into semi-structured conversations about pain relief. The pathway operationalised tools for relational safety from the PROTECT framework for suicide prevention. To deliver this pathway, a new team was established that included both clinicians and lived experience staff. Scores for the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS) for 300 patients were collected before and after time on the pathway. Paired T tests were performed individually for each item as well as for the total. All 7 items and the total score had statistically significant improvement ( p < 0.01). The mean pre- and post-total scores increased from 14.8 to 22.5, strongly indicating clinically meaningful improvement at an individual and group level. The improvement on baseline in each of the seven items ranged from 38% to 73.5%. The top two were in the person's ability to deal with problems and in them feeling relaxed. The study provides a blueprint for collaborative and empowering suicide prevention pathways that strike a balance between positive risk taking and safe care through a relational approach. Professional and lived experience both played a part in capturing hope through evidence-based person-centred interventions, helping a person in suicidal crisis improve their mental wellbeing.

关键词： drought   streamflow   paleoclimate   dendrology  

摘要： Recent research identified 2022 as being the year of lowest seasonal April–May–June–July (AMJJ) observed streamflow for the Po River Basin (PRB) in the past two centuries. Expanding upon this research, we applied filters (2-year to 30-year filters) to the AMJJ observed streamflow and identified the late 20th and 21st century as displaying extreme drought. In this study, we introduce PALEO-RECON, an automated reconstruction tool developed to leverage tree ring-based proxies and streamline regression processes. Using PALEO-RECON, we reconstructed the AMJJ streamflow, applying traditional regression techniques and using a nested approach in which 30-, 40-, and 50-year windows within the ~200-year observed streamflow record (1807 to 2022) were evaluated to capture uncertainty. Focusing on the 21st century (2000 to 2022), while several droughts in the ~2000-year paleo record may have exceeded the 2000 to 2022 drought, the recent PRB drought ending in 2022 was the lowest 23-year period in approximately 500 years, acknowledging that uncertainty increases as we move further back in time. When examining paleo and observed AMJJ streamflow records, deficit and surplus periods were evaluated, focusing on the potential “whiplash” between drought and pluvial events. We observed an increase in the frequency of whiplash events, which may be associated with a changing climate.