关键词： 平台经济   用户资源竞争   优势地位   跨界动机  

摘要： 在数字经济时代,大型平台企业不仅在主营业务领域占据了优势地位,还凭借用户资源优势频繁进入其他业务领域跨界竞争。从用户资源竞争视角分析了用户作为关键性资源的角色定位和特殊属性,解析了大型平台企业优势地位形成原因及其跨界动机,并据此提出了用户资源锁定下的小型平台企业破局之道。研究结果表明:(1)用户既是平台企业市场竞争中争夺对象,也是其经营活动、创新活动都必不可少的关键性资源;(2)平台企业的业务扩张和衰退都是围绕用户资源竞争进行的,用户规模变化决定了平台企业发展;(3)基于独特定位的差异化战略是小型平台企业在大型平台企业用户资源锁定下加入市场竞争并取得生存和发展条件的可行策略。

关键词： demographic change   population distribution   age distribution   income predictions   economic growth  

摘要： The world faces massive demographic changes in the 21st century. We analyse the impact of changes in the share of the working-age population for the global income distribution. First, the historical impact of demography on economic growth indicates that a 1% higher share of the working-age population in the total population results in a 0.173 percentage points higher income growth rate. Second, we use United Nations population projections to predict income changes for the remainder of this century. Third, we show how the share of income shifts away from Europe, North America and China towards South Asia and Africa, such that the current global economic powers will see their influence on world affairs decline.

关键词： breast cancer   SGBCC   artificial intelligence   AI   LLM   ChatGPT  

摘要： Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide [1,2]. The rapid development of effective novel drugs over the past few decades has led to improved survival rates across all subtypes of breast cancer [2,3,4,5,6,7]. However, to support physicians in recommending the most appropriate treatment options to their patients, the quickly evolving research and therapy landscape needs to be continuously monitored, structured and *** St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference (SGBCC) takes place every two years in Vienna, Austria. The first three days typically focus on medical education on early breast cancer through review lectures, while the fourth day features an international expert discussion that is open to the registered SGBCC audience. The expert panel, mainly consisting of gynecologists, surgeons, radiologists and pathologists, answers questions on key topics relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of early breast cancer. The panelists also discuss selected questions and voting results during the session and within a comprehensive manuscript published post-conference to make recommendations for everyday clinical practice based on a majority vote [8].We focused on the most recent (18th) SGBCC in March 2023, where 71 panelists from 27 countries (Table 1) and different disciplines answered 127 questions on early breast cancer. The questions included Yes/No, True/False and multiple-choice questions. Apart from one question, panelists could abstain from voting. This comprehensive questionnaire provided a wide range of topics and question formats, making it an ideal tool to assess the performance of *** employed ChatGPT-4 (version 4.0) to respond to the same 127 questions posed to the SGBCC experts. The model was trained on a dataset comprising publicly available and licensed data up to April 2023. The specific SGBCC recommendations discussed in this study were not publicly available at the time of ChatGPT-4′s training. As such, the AI

关键词： Klebsiella pneumoniae   whole genome sequencing   multidrug resistance   mcr-8.1   hypervirulent  

摘要： We report for the first time whole-genome sequencing of four multidrug-resistant sequence type (ST) 307 Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from patients in two hospitals in Armenia. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the isolates were closely related, with a maximum of 39 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences in the core genome. All Armenian isolates carried the integrative and conjugative element ICEKp4, which bears the yersiniabactin locus, and shared a common evolutionary origin, diverging around 2005 (95% CI: 1999 to 2011). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed resistance to several antibiotics, including ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefepime, ceftazidime, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. Specifically, isolates designated as ARM03 and ARM06 were resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, ARM04 and ARM05 had intermediate resistance to both piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem, and ARM03 showed intermediate resistance to amikacin. We further identified antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in four Armenian isolates, including bla(OXA-1), bla(TEM-1D), bla(SHV-28), dfrA14, tet(A), sul2, qnrB1, aac(6)-Ib-cr, strA, strB and the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene bla(CTX-M-15). Additionally, ARM03 and ARM06 also obtained dfrA5, sul1, sul3, cmlA1, mphA, aph3-Ia and the unique colistin resistance gene mcr-8.1, which was absent in all other publicly available ST307 isolates. These two isolates also acquired aerobactin siderophore-encoding gene clusters (iucABCD-iutA) and the hypermucoidy locus rmpADC (ARM06 had rmpA fragment). ARM04 and ARM05, as well as ARM03 and ARM06, had nearly identical AMR and virulence genes, along with similar plasmid replicon profiles, respectively. Our findings suggest that a transmission event occurred between the two hospitals in Armenia, likely facilitated by patients or community members, during which K. pneumoniae ST307 isolates acquired plasmids carrying AMR and virulence genes.

关键词： 哈佛分析框架   房地产   财务报表分析  

摘要： 以哈佛分析框架为基础，从战略分析、会计分析、财务分析和前景分析四个维度，对A企业的财务报表进行剖析。指出在存货、合同负债、收入和利润；偿债能力、盈利能力、营运能力、成长能力的方面的现状和不足；在对景气指数、营销背景、最新政策进行分析的基础上，提出企业要筛选资产等时机、长足发展赢人心，以及物美价廉凭良心等对策建议。

关键词： 负责任创新   管理者关系   资源编排   高管长期导向  

摘要： 在创新伦理问题引发公众担忧的背景下，如何驱动企业负责任创新以促进可持续、高质量发展成为学术和实践界共同关注的问题。本研究基于社会资本理论和资源编排理论探究管理者关系对企业负责任创新的影响，构建了一个有调节的中介模型。利用309家科技型企业的调查数据，运用回归分析和Bootstrap方法进行实证检验发现：商业关系和政治关系均正向影响企业负责任创新；资源编排在商业关系和政治关系对企业负责任创新的影响中起部分中介作用；高管长期导向正向调节资源编排与企业负责任创新的关系，也正向调节商业关系和政治关系通过资源编排影响企业负责任创新的中介效应。研究结果拓展了企业负责任创新的前因研究，揭示了管理者关系影响企业负责任创新的路径和边界条件，为管理企业负责任创新实践提供了理论依据。

关键词： 有机磷酸酯   电子工业   污染特征   来源分析   健康风险评估  

摘要： 有机磷酸酯（OPEs）作为一类产量和需求量持续增长的新污染物，具有毒性、持久性和生物累积性等特征，在生产生活及电子工业中广泛使用且易进入环境中。为探究其在电子工业周边环境行为，采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用仪（UPLC-MS/MS）测定深圳市典型电子行业企业周边环境土壤、大气和废水样品中18种OPEs的浓度水平，使用相关性分析和主成分分析解析其污染来源，并评估不同年龄段人群健康风险水平。结果表明各环境介质中18种OPEs的检出率在40.9%～100.0%之间，在34个土壤样品、21个大气样品和30个废水样品中∑18OPEs的均值分别为283ng/g（12.2～857ng/g）、4.48×105pg/m3(3.12×103～2.95×106pg/m3)和1.11×106ng/L(5.39×105～2.73×106ng/L)。在各环境介质中三（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）磷酸酯（AO168=O）、三（4-叔丁基苯基）磷酸酯（T4tBPP）、磷酸三（2-氯丙基）酯（TCPP）和双酚A双（二苯基磷酸酯）(BPADP)是主要的OPEs；相关性和主成分分析结果表明，电子行业企业周边环境中OPEs 污染主要受工业生产排放和交通排放的影响。不同年龄段人群经多种途径暴露于土壤和大气中OPEs的非致癌和致癌健康风险相对较低，处于可接受水平，但OPEs长期累积暴露的健康风险依然不容忽视。

关键词： 动因分析   物流   跨境并购  

摘要： 以PEST模型为基础，以2019年国内A公司出资并购国外B公司为例，分析物流行业的环境，并从这则并购案例双方的角度分析动因，剖析跨境并购事件对物流业带来的影响，也对并购的潜在风险进行了深层次剖析。在此基础上给出相关的启示与建议，以供类似跨境并购企业参考。

关键词： 统一大市场建设   科技企业进入   区域均衡发展   因果森林  

摘要： 科技企业进入是经济实现高质量发展的创新引擎。本文基于2004-2018年283个地级市与工商企业注册信息匹配数据，以长三角城市经济协调会的成立为准自然实验，运用机器学习法识别统一大市场建设对科技企业进入的影响。结果显示：统一大市场建设显著促进了科技企业进入数量的增长和规模的提升，且上述促进作用在城市规模小、融资约束高以及政府创新扶持弱的样本中更为显著。机制分析表明，统一大市场建设通过人才集聚效应、技术集聚效应和风险投资集聚效应促进科技企业进入。进一步研究发现，相较于中心城市，统一大市场建设对外围城市的科技企业进入数量和规模存在更为强劲的促进作用，因此有助于促进区域均衡发展。本研究的结论不仅为理解统一大市场建设的经济效应提供了新的视角，也为全国统一大市场的深入推进和区域均衡发展的政策制定提供了参考建议。

关键词： 绿氢   氢气网络   数学规划   互补约束   优化  

摘要： 将可再生能源制氢集成于炼厂氢气系统有助于绿色低碳生产并降低运营成本，但其波动性可能影响炼油企业的氢气供应稳定性。为解决这一问题，建立数学规划模型优化制氢调度方案尤为重要，以确保氢气网络的稳定运行。通过对氢气管道、管网以及压缩机等操作单元进行建模，同时以最小化运行成本为目标，构建一个包含互补约束的数学规划模型，通过求解模型得到最优制氢调度生产方案。通过对比分析，优化调度模型的生产方案在一个生产周期（24h）内最多可以减少灰氢产量1373kg，对应约减少系统CO?排放量0.9%，对于系统运行成本，模型得到结果最多可以减少3930 $， 约节省总成本的2.0%。结果表明，该生产方案即使在可再生能源供应波动的情况下，也能够确保氢气系统的稳定运行，满足耗氢装置的需要，同时保持管网压力在安全区间内。除此之外还能够在此基础上有效控制优化运行成本，提升经济效益。对于推动炼油行业向更加绿色、高效的生产模式转型具有重要意义。