关键词： 制度复杂性   制度逻辑   ESG实践   影响效应  

摘要： 随着制度环境日益复杂，企业在ESG实践中面临着多重制度逻辑的交织与冲突，如何深刻认识并有效应对这一挑战已成为亟待解决的关键问题。传统制度理论通常聚焦于单一制度逻辑，低估了制度复杂性的影响，难以充分解释企业在面对复杂制度环境时所做出的ESG行为选择。企业面临的制度复杂性是什么及其采取何种ESG应对策略已逐渐成为学术研究的热点议题。为此，本文通过全面回顾1990—2024年发表在WOS及CNKI数据库中的相关文献，明晰了企业ESG实践中所面临的制度复杂性内涵，总结并探讨了“基础逻辑—逻辑交织—场域特征叠加”的三重影响效应。在此基础上，本文进一步分析了企业在复杂制度环境下的ESG应对策略，构建了制度复杂性下企业ESG实践的研究框架，并提出未来研究展望。研究拓展了制度复杂性理论在ESG领域的应用，为企业应对制度复杂性挑战提供参考。

关键词： 战略联盟   分权治理   信息阐释   创新绩效   联盟协调能力  

摘要： 战略联盟可以弥补单一企业创新过程中的资源与能力约束，但也存在联盟主体间利益冲突、机会主义与道德风险等隐患，亟须有效治理。然而目前关于治理结构如何影响焦点企业创新绩效的研究尚不足。本文基于分权理论与信息处理理论，探究战略联盟分权治理对焦点企业创新绩效的非线性影响机制与边界条件。收集战略联盟内焦点企业及其联盟合作伙伴的配对数据236份，采用层次回归法和Bootstrap检验对数据进行分析。研究发现：（1）分权治理对焦点企业创新绩效具有倒U型影响，即适度的分权是提升战略联盟焦点企业创新绩效的最优治理结构；（2）分权治理对联盟伙伴信息阐释具有倒U型影响，联盟伙伴信息阐释对焦点企业创新绩效具有正向影响，联盟伙伴信息阐释在分权治理与焦点企业创新绩效的倒U型关系中起中介作用；（3）联盟协调协调能力是焦点企业获得治理优势的关键能力，其调节并扁平化焦点企业分权治理与联盟伙伴信息阐释的倒U型关系，并进一步调节且扁平化分权治理通过联盟伙伴信息阐释影响焦点企业创新绩效的倒U型关系。研究发现对于战略联盟焦点企业治理策略的选择和创新绩效的提升具有重要管理启示。

关键词： 专精特新“小巨人”企业   发展质量内涵   评价体系   改进策略  

摘要： 专精特新“小巨人”企业发展质量是引领广大中小企业提质升级的重要参照。基于“资源基础—动态能力—竞争优势”的过程视角,析出专业化能力、精细化程度、特色化优势、创新型效益的核心特质,进而从主业突出、质量效益、市场优势、技术引领构建专精特新“小巨人”企业发展质量的内涵框架。结合专精特新“小巨人”企业认定办法,借助工信主管部门的统计调研确立评价指标体系,以2019—2022年451家上市专精特新“小巨人”企业为研究样本,运用DEA法评价发展质量,并提出改进策略。结果表明:样本期内我国专精特新“小巨人”企业发展质量呈现出先降后升的U型趋势。分行业企业发展质量排名为:新材料、节能环保、新能源、新能源汽车、高端装备制造、生物医疗、新一代信息技术;分区域企业发展质量排名为:华东、西南、华南、华中、西北、华北、东北。围绕主业突出的投入冗余与产出不足问题显著,推进数字化转型是提升专精特新“小巨人”企业发展质量的改进策略。

关键词： 高管团队稳定性   数字经济   数字创新   风险防御  

摘要： 本研究以2012—2020年A股上市公司为样本，基于风险防御视角检验了高管团队稳定性对企业数字创新的影响。稳健性检验后的结果表明，企业数字创新水平随高管团队稳定性的提高而显著增强。后续检验发现，高管团队稳定性能够通过降低企业风险承担水平来促进企业数字创新，验证了高管团队稳定性在增强企业数字创新的过程中存在风险防御效应。此外，当行业垄断地位较高、融资约束水平较高、信息不对称水平较高、媒体情绪更加消极，以及投资者情绪更加消极时，高管团队稳定性对企业数字创新的促进作用更强，为高管团队稳定性在促进企业数字创新过程中发挥的风险防御效应提供了佐证。本研究旨在探究高管团队稳定性对企业数字创新的作用机理，揭示了高管团队稳定性能够在企业数字创新活动中发挥重要的风险缓冲作用，为数字经济时代企业高管团队建设和创新战略实施提供了经验和启示。

关键词： acute coronary syndrome   emergency department   aVR ST elevation–depression   QTc  

摘要： Background and Objectives: In patients with acute coronary syndrome, electrocardiographic parameters, including ST elevation in lead aVR (aVR-STE), ST depression (aVR-STD), and QTc prolongation, are crucial. This study aims to show the predictive value of a longer QTc in emergency department patients with acute coronary syndrome and ≥1 mm ST elevation or depression in the aVR lead in electrocardiography. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1273 patients admitted to the emergency department with a preliminary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome between 2020 and 2023. ST depression, ST elevation, and QTc were documented in the electrocardiography of the patients. Furthermore, acute coronary syndrome subtypes were identified. Basic demographic characteristics, complications, concomitant diseases, and 30-day and 180-day mortality data were collected. Results: The mean age of 1273 patients included in the study was 63.23 (10.06) years and 548 (43%) were female (p = 0.030). In the aVR-STE group, the QTc was 483.31 (33.96) ms in STEMI, 474.98 (26.21) ms in NSTEMI, and 505.60 (9.76) ms in those with mortality (p < 0.001). In the aVR-STD group, the QTc was 465.10 (42.63) ms in STEMI, 457.52 (39.52) ms in NSTEMI, and 508.73 (4.71) ms in those with mortality (p < 0.001). The total 30-day mortality was 129 (10.1%) and 180-day mortality was 181 (14.2%) (p < 0.001). In the uni-multivariable regression analysis performed for both change in aVR derivation and mortality, it was determined that prolonging QTc could be a predictive value for acute coronary syndrome (p < 0.001). We found sensitivity at 99.7% and specificity at 99.2% in predicting mortality in patients with prolonged QTc (AUC: 0.983, 95% CI: 0.974–0.993, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In patients with acute coronary syndrome, a prolonged QTc is an independent predictor of short- and long-term mortality in alterations in aVR derivation.

关键词： upcycling   circular economy   sensitivity analysis   environmental sustainability   industrial by-product  

摘要： Yerba mate processing generates large quantities of a residue with similar bioactive properties to the main product. The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) strategy was recently proposed to obtain bioactive extracts from this waste on a laboratory scale. However, to verify the techno-economic viability of the PLE method scale-up in the yerba mate waste extract obtaining, we initially tested three different modeling approaches to fit the experimental data: Peleg's, Second-order, and Logarithmic models. Also, we used the PLE conditions that maximized the extract total phenolic content (TPC) to evaluate the process's economic feasibility through the cost of manufacturing (COM) estimation to different capacities: 50, 100, and 500 L. A sensitivity analysis was performed considering different selling prices. Peleg's and Second-order models were the most suitable strategies to describe the extraction process. The dry extract COM reduced sensibly according to the increase of the process scale. Sensitivity analysis results suggest promising scenarios for selling dry extract. Our analyses indicated that PLE can be an economically feasible strategy to obtain valuable extracts from the yerba mate residue considering different selling prices and scale conditions. These results can orientate the yerba mate industries to create new products from industrial waste and maximize their profits.

关键词： 央地政策协同   企业社会责任   绿色技术创新   新能源汽车产业  

摘要： 文章基于2010-2021年中国A股上市公司面板数据，研究了央地产业政策协同对新能源汽车企业绿色技术创新的影响及作用机制。实证结果表明：第一，央地产业政策协同度与新能源汽车企业绿色技术创新绩效之间呈现U型关系；第二，企业社会责任正向调节了央地产业政策协同与新能源汽车企业绿色创新的关系，但调节效应随协同度提高呈先强后弱态势；第三，政府补贴和企业研发投入在央地产业政策协同影响企业绿色创新中起到部分中介作用。此外，产权性质和市场化程度对政策协同效应具有显著的异质性影响。

关键词： Acute myocardial infarction   ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)   Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)   Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)  

摘要： Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the cornerstone of treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Previous studies suggest that direct transport by ambulance to a primary PCI facility is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI. However, those studies included seriously ill patients for whom direct transport is the only option. We included 462 patients with STEMI who were supposed to select either direct transport by ambulance or indirect transport via primary care doctor, and compared the clinical outcomes between the direct transfer group (n = 172) and the indirect transfer group (n = 290). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), which was defined as the composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, re-admission for heart failure, and target vessel revascularization. The median follow-up duration was 540 days (86-1266 days). Age was significantly higher in the indirect transfer group [72.0 (64-80) years] than in the direct transfer group [69.5 (58.3-77) years] (p = 0.013). Onset to balloon time was significantly shorter in the direct transport group (p < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that MACE were similarly observed between the two groups (31.4% vs. 27.2%;p = 0.330). After adjusting for potential confounders, indirect transfer was not associated with MACE (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.740, 95% confidence interval: 0.485-1.128, p = 0.161). In conclusion, indirect transfer was not associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI who were supposed to select either direct transport or indirect transport. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： 零碳金融   企业绿色转型   绿色信贷   绿色债券   零碳工厂   零碳工业园区  

摘要： 在“双碳”目标下，零碳金融成为未来我国金融发展的重要方向，其对企业绿色转型也会产生较为深远的影响。本文深入阐述零碳金融赋能企业绿色转型的理论机制，分析企业绿色转型的现状及零碳金融赋能企业绿色转型等存在的问题。基于研究结论，提出零碳金融赋能企业绿色转型的对策建议，应加大对零碳金融的政策支持力度、通过建立统一的信息披露标准和信息平台以破除信息不对称、有效降低零碳金融促进企业进行绿色转型的成本或压力。