关键词： ST1791   whole genome sequencing   CC92   Acinetobacter baumannii  

摘要： The multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clonal complex 92 is spreading worldwide due to its high-frequency gene mutation and recombination, posing a significant threat to global medical and health safety. Between November 2021 and April 2022, a total of 132 clinical A. baumannii isolates were collected from a tertiary hospital in China. Their growth ability and virulence of these isolates were assessed using growth curve analyses and the Galleria mellonella infection model. The genetic characteristics of the isolates were further examined through whole-genome sequencing. ST1791O/ST2P isolates represented the largest proportion of isolates in our collection and exhibited the highest growth rate and strongest virulence among all sequence types (STs) analyzed. Whole-genome sequences from 14,159 clinical isolates were collected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and only nine ST1791O/ST2P isolates were detected. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that ST1791O/ST2P carried 11 unique genes, 5 of which were located within the capsular polysaccharide synthesis (cps) gene cluster. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between ST1791O/ST2P and other isolates were primarily found in the cps gene cluster. Among the other isolates, ST195O/ST2P and ST208O/ST2P exhibited the smallest SNP differences from ST1791O/ST2P, while ST195O/ST2P and ST1486O/ST2P had high homology. The ST1791O/ST2P strain in Anhui, China, displayed significant homology with ST195O/ST2P, ST208O/ST2P, and ST1486O/ST2P isolates. Compared to other isolates in this study, ST1791O/ST2P exhibited strong growth ability and virulence. Therefore, preventing the further spread of ST1791O/ST2P should be a top public health priority.

关键词： non-carbapenemase carbapenem resistance   ESBL gene amplification   experimental evolution   pseudo compound transposon   sequence type 131  

摘要： Background: It remains unclear how high-risk Escherichia coli lineages, like sequence type (ST) 131, initially adapt to carbapenem exposure in their progression to becoming carbapenem resistant. Methods: Carbapenem mutation frequency was measured in multiple subclades of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positive ST131 clinical isolates using a fluctuation assay followed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) characterization. Genomic, transcriptomic, and porin analyses of ST131 C2/ H 30Rx isolate, MB1860, under prolonged, increasing carbapenem exposure was performed using two distinct experimental evolutionary platforms to measure fast vs. slow adaptation. Results: All thirteen ESBL positive ST131 strains selected from a diverse (n=184) ST131 bacteremia cohort had detectable ertapenem (ETP) mutational frequencies with a statistically positive correlation between initial ESBL gene copy number and mutation frequency (r = 0.87, P -value <1e-5). WGS analysis of mutants showed initial response to ETP exposure resulted in significant increases in ESBL gene copy numbers or mutations in outer membrane porin (Omp) encoding genes in the absence of ESBL gene amplification with subclade specific associations. In both experimental evolutionary platforms, MB1860 responded to initial ETP exposure by increasing bla (CTX-M-15) copy numbers via modular, insertion sequence 26 (IS 26 ) mediated pseudocompound transposons (PCTns). Transposase activity driven by PCTn upregulation was a conserved expression signal in both experimental evolutionary platforms. Stable mutations in Omp encoding genes were detected only after prolonged increasing carbapenem exposure consistent with clinical observations. Conclusions: ESBL gene amplification is a conserved response to initial carbapenem exposure, especially within the high-risk ST131 C2/ H 30Rx subclade. Targeting such amplification could assist with mitigating carbapenem resistance development.

关键词： corruption talk   England   ethnography   inequality   social class  

摘要： Scholars have diagnosed widespread class disidentification among working-class citizens in contemporary Britain despite high and sustained levels of inequality. Everyday narrations in working-class communities, however, reveal deeply classed accounts of politics and society, even if not expressed in the formal idiom of class. Across our field sites, practices of corruption talk were rife and aided citizens in making sense of their experiences of political powerlessness and economic dispossession. Drawing on political ethnographic studies from working-class areas in Oxford, Corby and Mansfield, and buttressed by survey data, we find that corruption talk can act as an informal political ontology. An analysis of international survey data on corruption perceptions and class identification further substantiates our ethnographic findings about the resonance and character of corruption talk. Following the Marxist historian E. P. Thompson, we argue that corruption talk reveals the complex and at times contradictory ways in which marginalised citizens define and narrate their relationship to politics and state power under conditions of class fragmentation. These findings highlight, we argue, the importance of paying attention to vernacular discourses and call into question straightforwardly teleological accounts of the decline of class consciousness in the past 50 years.

关键词： 区域公用品牌   企业品牌   随州香菇   互动发展  

摘要： 从“随州香菇”的案例出发,分析区域公用品牌“随州香菇”与企业品牌“菇的辣克”的互动发展过程。研究认为,区域公用品牌与企业品牌构成区域公用品牌伞,区域公用品牌为企业品牌提供庇护与提携,企业品牌则依托优质终端产品支撑区域公用品牌发展。进一步地,依据品牌发展阶段当中区域品牌伞的“庇护与提携”以及“支撑”作用强度不同,将二者的互动发展过程划分为三个阶段,即区域公用品牌主导阶段、双品牌共同发展阶段、企业品牌引领阶段。

关键词： 数据权益   企业数据   个人数据   数据来源者   民事责任  

摘要： 企业数据的来源、内容以及取得方式等具有复杂性，对行为人侵害企业数据权益民事责任的认定以及责任承担方式等有着重要影响。行为人侵害企业合法取得的数据时，企业有权依法请求行为人承担违约责任、侵权责任或者基于绝对权请求权产生的民事责任。企业对其非法取得的数据不享有数据权益，但行为人破坏企业对数据的持有状态的，企业也有权请求行为人承担停止侵害、排除妨碍、赔偿损失等责任。行为人侵害企业数据的，个人数据来源者虽不享有数据权益，但可以其个人信息权益受侵害为由请求行为人承担侵权责任或者基于人格权请求权请求行为人承担停止侵害、排除妨碍等民事责任。行为人侵害非个人数据来源者的著作权、商业秘密等在先权利的，受害人有权依据在先权利的保护规则请求行为人承担民事责任。非个人数据来源者对企业所享有的数据查阅权、可携带权等属于相对权，原则上不受侵权法保护；但在行为人恶意侵权时，受害人也应有权请求行为人承担侵权责任。

关键词： 环境税   绿色创新   政商关系   资源抢占   绿色创新动机  

摘要： 《环境保护税法》的制定是中国税收政策绿色化发展的标志事件，其作为市场型环境规制工具的典型代表，如何影响企业绿色创新是理论学界和政治界关注探讨的一个焦点问题。本文从税制征收视角入手，以2018-2022年A股上市公司为样本，探讨环境税对中国上市企业绿色创新的作用机制。研究发现：首先，环境税正向牵动企业绿色创新，尤其南部地区、数字化程度高和成立年限较短的企业正向牵动作用更为明显；其次，在亲清政商关系下，环境税的实施可以进一步提高企业绿色创新，而勾结政商关系会削弱环境税和企业绿色创新的关系；再次，环境税诱发的企业绿色创新是因为抢占了其他项目的财务资源、技术资源，进而产生对其他项目的“挤出效应”；最后，本文发现随着环境税支出不断增加，企业更愿意投资开展实质性而非策略性绿色创新项目。文章拓展了国家环境政策影响企业绿色创新战略的文献，为评估环境税以及绿色创新的关系提供了全新视角。

关键词： Cervical carcinoma   Glutamine metabolism   Heterogeneity   AFADESI-MSI   ST  

摘要： BackgroundReprogramming of cellular metabolism is a pivotal mechanism employed by tumor cells to facilitate cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, thereby propelling the progression of cancer. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional and metabolic landscape of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) at high resolution could greatly enhance the precision of management and therapeutic strategies for this *** Air-flow-assisted Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectro-metric Imaging (AFADESI-MSI) and Spatial Transcriptomics techniques (ST) were employed to investigate the metabolic and transcription profiles of CSCC and normal tissues. For clinical validation, the expression of ASCT2(Ala, Ser, Cys transporter 2) was assessed using immune histochemistry in 122 cases of cervical cancer and 30 cases of *** AFADESI-MSI findings have revealed metabolic differences among different CSCC patients. Among them, the metabolic pathways of glutamine show more significant differences. After in situ detection of metabolites, the intensity of glutamate is observed to be significantly higher in cancerous tissue compared to normal tissue, but the intensity is not uniform. To elucidate the potential factors underlying alterations in glutamine metabolism across tissues, we employ ST to quantify mRNA levels. This analysis unveils significant perturbations in glutamine metabolism accompanied by extensive heterogeneity within cervical cancer tissues. After conducting a comprehensive analysis, it has been revealed that the differential expression of ASCT2(encoded by SLC1A5) in distinct regions of cervical cancer tissues plays a pivotal role in inducing heterogeneity in glutamine metabolism. Furthermore, the higher the expression level of ASCT2, the higher the intensity of glutamate is in the region. Further verification, it is found that the expression of ASCT2 protein in CSCC tissues is significantly higher than that in normal tissue