关键词： 超临界流体技术   超临界萃取   超临界水氧化   超临界色谱   环境保护  

摘要： 随着现代社会的发展，环境污染问题已日趋严重。为了有效地解决这一问题，许多新技术被引入到环境保护领域中。超临界流体技术就是其中之一。超临界流体技术因为其经济、快速和高效等特点，近年来发展迅速。本文即介绍超临界流体的特性和超临界流体技术（超临界萃取、超临界水氧化和超临界色谱）在环境保护领域中的应用。

关键词： 建筑环境与设备专业   流体力学   教学改革  

摘要： 针对建筑环境与设备工程专业流体力学课程特点,从调整教材体系和内容,改革教学方法和教学手段以及创新实验三个方面进行了探索与实践。

关键词： 生猪交易   第四方物流   逻辑模型分析   数据结构设计  

摘要： 生猪是我国传统的养殖业,是农民收入的重要来源,目前我国生猪交易在物流过程中还存在物流主体组织化程度低、基础设施薄弱和信息化水平低的现状,导致我国生猪在物流过程中存在物流费用高、物流效率低和损耗大,客户满意度低的问题,物流问题已成为我国生猪产业发展的瓶颈,成为制约我国农民增收,农村发展的重要原因之一。 信息技术和物流科技在生产中广泛应用,并创造了大量的生产力,为解决生猪物流问题的提供了新的思路。为此,本文首先在总结生猪交易物流发展相关理论和实践的基础上,对比了中外生猪交易物流发展的现状,分析了我国生猪物流存在的问题；然后,运用定性定量相结合的分析方法,从降低物流成本和提高客户满意度两个指标对我国四种生猪交易物流模式进行了分析和评价,结果显示：物流成本指标在物流模式优劣性评价中的贡献率更大,同时在四种物流模式中,任何一种模式都不具有绝对优势,为此,本文提出了“基于电子交易平台的第四方物流系统”的设想来发展我国生猪物流；最后,本文从物流系统的三个组成部分——物流作业系统、物流信息系统和物流支撑系统出发,通过运用电子商务技术的组织结构图、功能结构图、业务流程图、数据流程图和E-R图对物流系统的逻辑模型和数据结构进行了分析和设计,构建了电子商务环境下的物流系统,为我国生猪产业的发展提供现实参考和借鉴意义。

关键词： 环境流体力学   环境水力学   评介   塞尔维亚   物理学教授   环境工程   克罗地亚   出版社  

摘要： 2010年世界出版社出版了《环境流体力学进展》一书,书的编辑为塞尔维亚Novi Sad大学农学院的气象和生物物理学教授***和意大利Napoli大学水力、岩土与环境工程系的环境水力学教授***.撰写本书的作者有40位,他们来自英国、加拿大、塞尔维亚、克罗地亚、捷克、希腊、

关键词： Alternative feedstock   Catalyst activity   Catalytic cracking   Effectiveness factor   Environmental concerns  

摘要： Fluidized-bed catalytic cracking (FCC) has been considered as one of the largest catalytic process in the world. FCC is the name for a complex process unit that cracks long molecules from gas oils and residua into added value shorter fuel compounds;additionally, this process can be used to produce important petrochemical precursors, such as propylenes. Although historically FCC has been used to optimise production of light cycle oils, gasoline and olefins, nowadays is convenient to revisit its mission. In order to integrate FCC process inside current development and environment respect, it is necessary to see it as a very flexible process. This flexibility will require deeper knowledge about environmental impact of process operation and production objectives, transport phenomena and catalytic reactions taking place inside the riser, the main reactor of the FCC converter, and energy balance integrating energy recovered/generated in the regenerator. This work is devoted to briefly review some propositions about the use of FCC converters and how these aspects demand knowledge of riser reactors, change in the methodology to estimate effective reaction rates (consequence of variation of kinetic and transport phenomena, at catalyst scale and along the riser) and catalyst activity, as well as control actions and its effect on the energy balance of the converter;operation and environmental concerns surrounding this process are addressed. Finally, it tries to draw attention on some facts that need to be analysed in order to ensure the sustainable development of this important process in the short future. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： AMMONIA   SUPERFLUIDITY   HELIUM   ISOMERS   INFRARED spectra   PROBABILITY theory   SIMULATION methods & models   ENERGY dissipation  

摘要： The growth of ammonia cluster (NH3)(n) (n = 2-8) in He droplets was studied using a polarizable potential assuming ultrafast heat dissipation and preventing the rearrangement of cluster structures. Energies, structures and isomer statistical distributions were obtained showing that a few high energy isomers may form with a probability similar to low energy ones and that ammonia clusters behave differently from (H2O)(n) for n >= 5. Guide by our theoretical analysis, we suggest the need for re-interpreting recent experimental IR spectra of (NH3)(n) in He droplets for 5 <= n <= 8. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 传染病   微流体芯片   快速诊断   电子研究所   流感病毒   微流体系统   快速控制   分析工具  

摘要： 为了快速控制传染病，如2009年爆发的H1N1，亟需便捷性分析工具，从而快速准确地确定医院或机场被感染的患者。A＊STAR微电子研究所和新加坡基因组研究所的Linus Tzu—HsiangKao及其同事现已开发出硅基微流体系统，可以在超小型样本中检测并辨别与其他季节性流感病毒菌株不同的H1N1病毒。

关键词： micro capillary electrophoresis   ethnicity dertemination   solid-phase extraction   continuous flow PCR   DNA analysis   DNA profile   integrated microsystems   microfluidics   modular systems   Alu elements   micro-PCR devices   gender determination  

摘要： Driven by the numerous applications of genome-related research, fully integrated microfluidic systems have been developed that have advanced the capabilities of molecular and, in particular, genetic analyses. A brief overview on integrated microfluidic systems for DNA analysis is given in Chapter 1 followed by a report on micro-capillary electrophoresis ( CE) of Alu elements with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection, in which the monomorphic Alu insertions on the X and Y chromosomes were utilized to detect male DNA in large female DNA background (Y: X = 1:19) without cell sorting prior to the determination. The polymorphic Alu loci with known restricted geographical distribution were used for ethnicity determination. A valveless integrated microsystem that consists of three modules is discussed as well: (1) A solid-phase extraction (SPE) module microfabricated on polycarbonate, for DNA extraction from whole cell lysates (extraction bed capacity ~209 35.6 ng/cm of total DNA). (2) A continuous-flow polymerase chain reaction (CFPCR) module fabricated in polycarbonate (Tg ~150 C) in which selected gene fragments were ampli ed using biotin and uorescently-labeled primers accomplished by continuously shuttling small packets of PCR reagents and template through isothermal zones. (3) CE module fabricated in poly(methylmethacrylate), which utilized a bioaffinity selection and purification bed (2.9- L) to preconcentrate and purify the PCR products generated from the CFPCR module prior to CE. Biotin-labeled CFPCR products were hydrostatically pumped through the streptavidin-modi ed bed where they were extracted onto the surface of the poly(methylmethacrylate) micropillars (50- m width; 100- m height; total surface area of ~117 mm ). This SPE process demonstrated high selectivity for biotinylated amplicons and utilized the strong streptavidin/biotin interaction (Kd =10-15M) to generate high recoveries. The SPE selected CFPCR products were thermally denatured and single st

关键词： 超临界CO2流体   线路板   环氧树脂   热解  

摘要： 在超临界CO2流体环境下,当温度达到240℃以上时,印刷线路板就会发生分层现象。同时,在实验中发现在非超临界流体环境下,当温度达到260℃以上时,线路板也会发生分层现象。从线路板粘接材料发生热解反应的角度出发,在对比超临界CO2流体环境下与非超临界流体环境下的线路板分层效果的基础上,对超临界CO2流体环境下的线路板分层做出合理分析,最后发现临界CO2流体对线路板分层过程有促进作用,并对其分层效果有优化作用。