关键词： 构造-流体   耦合   金矿流体   成矿环境   流体包裹体   同位素地球化学   矿床学  

摘要： 流体温度-密度-盐度关系化学模式显示,水下亚系统是一种火山作用形成的富含NaCl向海底释放的流体系统,该系统形成块状硫化物矿床;水上亚系统是陆相火山岩地区的地下低盐度低温流体系统,形成了浅层低温热液型和热泉型矿床。由流体的质量方程、能量方程和运动方程的特点可以看出,在成矿作用过程中的流体运动,受到构造-流体-成矿系统的关系中多种因素的影响,如介质的孔隙度、流体密度、渗透率、流体的黏度和流体内压力等。以世界一些陆相火山地区的金矿为例进行讨论,充分证明了陆相火山地区的金矿流体的运动方式具有两种类型:一类是成矿流体沿岩石的孔隙流动,如伊尔曼得金矿等;另一类是成矿流体沿裂隙流动,如阿希金矿等。虽然这些金矿形成于同一火山岩地区,但是,流体在围岩的孔隙和断裂中以不同的方式运动,流体的内压力、流体的密度将发生不同的变化,同时引起流体的氧逸度、pH值、盐度产生不同的改变。由此表明流体运动的方式和扩散影响了成矿环境。

关键词： 超临界流体萃取技术   环境分析   有机污染物   温度   压力   溶解力   改性剂  

摘要： 简要介绍了超临界流体萃取法的原理、仪器组成、操作条件的选择、样品预处理方法及其在土壤。

关键词： 磁性液体   超重   失重   微重力  

摘要： 磁力和重力均为非接触的力,当作用于磁性液体上的磁力和重力方向相同时,磁性液体处于超重状态;当作用于磁性液体上的磁力和重力方向相反时,磁性液体处于失重状态;当作用于磁性液体上磁力和重力相互抵消,磁性液体呈饱和磁化状态且处在均匀梯度磁场区域中时,磁性液体被表面张力约束成球体,磁性液体处于微重力状态。这一发现使我们在地面上能经济的、方便的、长时间的制造流体的小区域微重力环境,为研究微重力状态下的流体科学、生命科学,材料加工和器件开发等提供了新的方法。

关键词： 机电液集成   纯水液压技术   噪声   微流体系统   气动伺服   压缩空气   离心泵   深海资源  

摘要： 简要介绍了浙江大学流体传动及控制国家重点实验室在机电液集成智能控制、纯水液压元件及系统、液压元件噪声控制、微流控器件及系统、气动伺服控制、压缩空气动力发动机及汽车、低比转速高扬程高速离心泵以及深海资源勘探作业技术等方面的研究进展及其成果。

关键词： fluids   seismicity   resistivity   magnetotellurics  

摘要： Seismicity in both compressional and extensional settings is a function of local and regional stresses, rheological contrasts, and the distribution of fluids. The influence of these factors can be illustrated through their effects on electrical geophysical structure, since this structure reflects fluid composition, porosity, interconnection and pathways. In the compressional, amagmatic New Zealand South Island, magnetotelluric (MT) data imply a concave-upward ("U"-shaped), middle to lower crustal conductive zone beneath the west-central portion of the island due to fluids generated from prograde metamorphism within a thickening crust. Change of the conductor to near-vertical orientation at middle-upper crustal depths is interpreted to occur as fluids cross the brittle-ductile transition during uplift, and approach the surface through induced hydrofractures. The central South Island is relatively weak in seismicity compared to its more subduction-related northern and southern ends, and the production of deep crustal fluids through metamorphism may promote slip before high stresses are built up. The deep crustal conductivity is highly anisotropic, with the greater conductivity along strike, consistent with fault zone models of long-range interconnection versus degree of deformation. The central Great Basin province of the western U.S. by contrast is extensional at present although it has experienced diverse tectonic events throughout the Paleozoic. MT profiling throughout the province reveals a quasi one-dimensional conductor spanning the lower half of the crust which is interpreted to reflect high temperature fluids and perhaps melting caused ultimately by exsolution from crystallizing Underplated basalts. The brittle, upper half of the crust is generally resistive, but also characterized by numerous steep, narrow conductors extending from near-surface to the middle crust where they contact the deep crustal conductive layer. These are suggested to represent fluidised

关键词： 超临界流体萃取   金属络合物   二氧化碳   评述  

摘要： 固体和液体中的金属离子能在含有有机螯合剂的超临界二氧化碳 (SC CO2 )流体中被有效地萃取出来。超临界流体萃取 (SFE)金属离子的效率取决于下列因素 :螯合剂在SC CO2 中的稳定性和溶解性、金属络合物在SC CO2 中的溶解度、水、pH值、压力、温度及金属离子的化学形式和基质的性质等

摘要： Electro-osmotic flow, where an applied electric potential difference induces fluid motion, is extensively employed for fluid transport in microfluidic devices. In this thesis, we present a direct flow imaging method for characterizing the electro-osmotic velocity profiles in the polymer based microchannels by using a fluorescent tracer. Fluorescence microscopy was used as a tool for imaging the flow in these microdevices. The variation in the fluorescence intensity is plotted in space and time as the tracer moves along the microchannel under an applied external electric field. The transverse velocity profiles in the microchannel are obtained from these time- space plots. This direct flow imaging method provides a much simpler technique for characterizing the velocities with a good resolution, when compared to much complex methods that require use of sophisticated techniques and experimental setup. The postulated method is verified with theoretical studies and also with indirect flow imaging method. The measurement of volumetric flow rate and characterizing the velocity profiles in these microfluidic devices is important, as it forms a basis for the effective and precise control of fluid transport. The thesis also presents the sample loading and dispensing operation, in a double T- microfluidic design, which is a widely used technique in capillary electrophoresis (CE. Further dispersion of the sample plug during dispensing operation in double T-design is studied and quantified using Taylor-Aris theory. The dispersion of fluorescent tracer is determined experimentally using the method of moments and verified with the Taylor-Aris model.

关键词： 绿色物流   体系构建  

摘要： 绿色物流是近年来物流界讨论颇多的一个问题 ,它和环境问题联系紧密 ,这也是绿色物流产生的一个原因。本文结合四川省的实际 ,论述了物流对环境的影响 ,并提出如何构建绿色物流体系。