关键词： 化工项目   环境影响   评价策略  

摘要： 本文主要研究当前化工项目环境影响评价的要点以及注意事项。化工项目对环境的影响较为复杂多样,为了提升城市污染治理力度就需要对化工项目的环境影响进行科学有效的评价。基于化工项目生产工艺较为复杂的特点,对其展开环境影响评价也具有较高的技术性,需要严格执行相关法律法规要求,并结合化工项目产业实际特点提升环境影响评价的可靠性有效性。

关键词： 环境影响评价   环境监测问题   应对措施  

摘要： 在社会经济发展的同时,环境污染问题也日益加剧.环境监测属于环保工程的重要内容,全面落实和执行环境监测工作,有利于实现环境可持续发展.通过建立环境综合评价体系,能够有效联合环境影响评价和环境监测,全面提升环境监测的质量与效率.此次研究主要是基于环境影响评价,分析环境监测问题与应对措施,希望能够对相关人员起到参考性价值.

关键词： 解析法   环境影响评价   地下水   垃圾填埋场  

摘要： 随着垃圾产生量的不断增加,各地纷纷加大了填埋场建设,在解决垃圾问题的同时,由于渗滤液的下渗容易诱发二次污染。本文以某垃圾填埋场为例,讨论了解析法在地下水环境影响评价中的具体应用,对做好项目环境影响评价进行了有益探索。

关键词： 辐射环境监测   辐射环境影响评价   应用探讨  

摘要： 本文从辐射环境监测的重要性以及辐射环境监测内容出发,具体阐述了辐射环境监测在辐射环境影响评价中的应用,希望能够加强有关部门对辐射环境保护的重视。

关键词： 河道治理类工程   影响与评价   环保措施  

摘要： 河道是一个城市的灵魂,是一个地区对环境标准的考察,有太多的工程建设在一定程度上的确给人类带来了发展,改善了人们的生活,但是长时间的注重工业发展,会产生很多不利的环境影响问题,比如河流因为各种污染,河流失去了原有的活力,在进行河道治理的时候,首先要整体进行规划,对整体要进行考虑,然后要对所作出的规划进行设计,治理污水,保护生态环境,建设绿色水系,这也是为了保护人们用水的安全。要对河道治理工程进行评价,需要从两个方面着手,对河道治理工程进行全面的分析,同时制定出合理地措施,保护地区环境,保护水资源的安全,保护人们的生命健康。

关键词： 水利工程   规划设计   环境影响评价  

摘要： 水利工程具有工程量大、工期长等特性,并且非常容易破坏当地的生态环境,所以必须要做好前期的规划设计工作.本文立足于水利工程规划设计视角,重点就环境影响评价的基本原则以及工作要点进行了探讨.

关键词： 油气开发项目   滚动式   环境影响评价   方法  

摘要： 滚动式开发是油气开发项目的特点之一,但是传统的建设项目环评管理方式不能很好地避免其对环境造成的负面影响。因此,本文提出相应的解决方案,旨在简化整个项目的环评审批流程,通过规划环评和空间管制,按照分区方式制定油气开发方案,明确管理要求,建立联动的规划环评与项目环评机制,从根本上遏制油气开发可能给环境产生的影响,以期保护环境。

关键词： Agricultural production   Environmental impact evaluation   Fertilizer   Life cycle assessment   Pesticide  

摘要： Purpose Evaluate environmental load of the agriculture industry by taking Chongming Island of Shanghai as a case study. Propose feasible approaches to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture industry based on the research findings. Methods The research boundary of our study covers from raw material extraction to agriculture product (cradle to product). Two stages are identified based on life cycle thinking: agricultural material production and planting process. In the agriculture material stage, we evaluated the consumption of agricultural machinery and equipment for diesel, gasoline and electricity;then, the embodied environmental impact of these energy sources are calculated based on life cycle assessment (LCA). For the planting stage, we calculated the environmental impact caused by agriculture sowing, fertilizing, and spraying of pesticides also according to the LCA method. Results and discussion The environmental impacts of Chongming Island in 2015 are found as ecosystem damage (2.44E+11 species year), human health (2.86E+10 DALY), and resources consumption (1.15E+09 $). The primary environmental impacts in the agricultural material production stage are revealed as marine ecological toxicity (1.01E+06), freshwater eutrophication (5.26E+05), and human toxicity (4.04E+05), of which 90% of the impacts are caused by the production of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer. The main environmental impacts in the agricultural planting stage are freshwater ecotoxicity (1.27E+06), freshwater eutrophication (7.70E+05), and terrestrial ecotoxicity (7.70E+05), which are mainly caused by pesticide residues and loss of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer. Conclusions The results of the environmental impact analysis of the Chongming agricultural production of 2008-2015 showed that there was a significant decline trend in 2011 and 2012, mainly due to the significant reduction in the use of nitrogen fertilize

关键词： Environmental impact assessment   Chemical substitution   Alternatives assessment frameworks   Life cycle assessment   Occupational safety  

摘要： Regulations that are indirectly driving the substitution of hazardous chemicals, such as the EU REACH regulation, necessitate improvements in chemical alternatives assessment frameworks. In those frameworks, life cycle thinking lacks some important aspects such as systematic and quantitative occupational safety methods and risks from intermediate chemicals that are not released to the environment under normal operating conditions. Concerns of companies about regulatory drivers regarding substances of very high concern often lead to inadequate evaluation of the baseline situation;an issue also overlooked by the frameworks. Moreover, life cycle assessment is optional for assessors with limited resources, such as small and medium enterprises. However, the success of substitution should not be evaluated without life cycle concerns. An environmental impact assessment model has been suggested to overcome these shortcomings of the chemical alternatives assessment frameworks. The model was applied to a case study of primed metal sheet production, where the company was driven to substitute reprotoxic 2-methoxypropanol used in their formulations. The results show that the proposed model is promising for solving the mentioned shortcomings, informing the assessor about substances of very high concern along the life cycle, and it has the potential to be further improved with the help of supporting software and databases. Particularly, in the occupational safety area that concerns risks of accidents at work, improvements to the EU occupational health database can drastically increase the accuracy of the assessments. Besides, the development of methodologies for the quantification of the impacts of reprotoxic, bioaccumulative and endocrine disruptor substances is necessary. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 环境影响评价法  

ISBN: (纸本)9787562093619