关键词:
Beam forming networks
摘要:
This paper studies energy-efficient hybrid beamforming architectures and its algorithm design in millimeter-wave communication systems, aiming to address the challenges faced by existing hybrid beamforming due to low hardware flexibility and high power consumption. To solve the problems of existing hybrid beamforming, a new energy efficient hybrid beamforming architecture is proposed which introduces radio-frequency (RF) switch networks at the front and rear ends of the phase shifter network, enabling dynamic connections between the RF chains and the phase shifter array as well as the antenna array. The system model of the proposed architecture is established, including digital precoding and analog precoding processes, considering practical hardware limitations such as quantization errors of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and minimum resolution of phase shifters. In order to maximize the energy efficiency of the transmitter, this paper derives an energy efficiency model that includes spectral efficiency and system power consumption, and proposes a hybrid precoding algorithm based on block coordinate descent. The algorithm iteratively optimizes the digital precoding matrix, analog precoding matrix, and DAC resolution to improve the overall energy efficiency of the system. Simulation results under the NYUSIM-generated millimeter-wave channels show that the proposed architecture and algorithm have higher energy efficiency than existing representative architectures and precoding algorithms under complete and partial channel state information, while the loss of spectral efficiency compared to fully connected architectures is less than 20%. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.