关键词： deep sea cage culture   traditional sea cage culture   Modelling-Ongrowing fish farms-Monitoring (MOM system)   benthic environment   the Yellow Sea  

摘要： Using the Modelling-Ongrowing fish farms-Monitoring B investigation system (MOM-B), we discussed the effects of deep sea cage (DSC) and traditional sea cage (TSC) fish mariculture on benthic environments in the Yellow Sea, China. Macrofauna, and chemical and sensory parameters were evaluated at 10 field stations surrounding a traditional sea cage farm in 2016-2017 and 10 field stations surrounding a deep sea cage farm in 2018-2019. Benthic macrofauna were found in all samples, and biological parameters were universally rated acceptable or better. In spring and winter, the pH and redox potential values near the DSC farm were within the score 0, while in summer and autumn, values were within the score 1. In TSC farm, most scores were in the score 0 in spring and autumn and in the score 1 in summer. Chemical parameter results showed the DSC and TSC farms were all in condition 1, whereas the sensory parameters near the DSC farm were in condition 1, and the TSC farm in condition 2. Finally, the results demonstrate benthic environments near the DSC farm were better than those near the TSC farm. MOM-B system provides a practical environmental assessment tool that is simple, cheap and easy to implement and can be performed by moderately trained personnel.

关键词： Bacterial-algal coupling system   High strength mariculture wastewater   Microalgae cultivation   Resource recovery  

摘要： In the present study, bacterial-algal coupling system, an integration process of acidogenic fermentation and microalgae cultivation was used for high strength mariculture wastewater (HSMW) treatment, resource recovery and low-cost biomass production. The effect of temperature on Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) cultivation was investigated with culture medium of acidogenic liquid. The results showed that acidogenic liquid could be used as culture medium for C. vulgaris and higher biomass was obtained compared to control. The acidogenic liquid obtained at initial pH of 8 was the most suitable culture medium for C. vulgaris growth due to befitting C/N and considerable volatile fatty acids. Moreover, the optimum temperature for C. vulgaris cultivation was 25 degrees C and the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N from acidogenic liquid could reach 94.4% and 68.8%, respectively. The outcome could create an innovative value chain with environmental sustainability and economic feasibility in aquaculture industry.

关键词： aquaculture   cold banking   hatchery   kelp   macroalgae   seaweeds  

摘要： We describe a method for production of kelp using meiospore seeding creating flexibility for extended storage time prior to outplanting. One bottleneck to expansion of the kelp farming industry is the lack of flexibility in timing of seeded twine production, which is dependent on the fertility of wild sporophytes. We tested methods to slow gametophyte growth and reproduction of early life stages by manipulating temperature of the kelp Saccharina latissima. Reducing temperature from 12 degrees C to 4 degrees C reduced gametophyte size, sporophyte size, egg production, and sporophyte production and subsequently was the best candidate condition for storage experiments of seeded twine. Next, we examined how storage of Alaria marginata and S. latissima seeded twine at 4 degrees C under differing nutrient concentrations affected the viability of sporelings after being moved into optimal growth conditions. Seeded twine storage at 4 degrees C with no alteration to culturing media showed no negative effects in sporophyte density and sporophyte length for both species. This method for seeded twine storage, "cold banking," allowed seeded twine storage for at least an additional 36 days compared to standard methods, with a total of 56 days spent in the hatchery providing opportunity for outplanting timing and staggering to enhance aquaculture efficiency.

关键词： SPH   mariculture platform   fluid-solid interaction   DualSPHysics   waves  

摘要： This work investigates the dynamic behaviors of floating structures with moorings using open-source software for smoothed particle hydrodynamics. DualSPHysics permits us to use graphics processing units to recreate designs that include complex calculations at high resolution with reasonable computational time. A free damped oscillation was simulated, and its results were compared with theoretical data to validate the numerical model developed. The simulated three degrees of freedom (3-DoF) (surge, heave, and pitch) of a rectangular floating box have excellent consistency with experimental data. MoorDyn was coupled with DualSPHysics to include a mooring simulation. Finally, we modelled and simulated a real mariculture platform on the coast of China. We simulated the 3-DoF of this mariculture platform under a typical annual wave and a Typhoon Dujuan wave. The motion was light and gentle under the typical annual wave but vigorous under the Typhoon Dujuan wave. Experiments at different tidal water levels revealed an earlier motion response and smaller motion range during the high tide. The results reveal that DualSPHysics combined with MoorDyn is an adaptive scheme to simulate a coupled fluid-solid-mooring system. This work provides support to disaster warning, emergency evacuation, and proper engineering design.

关键词： 海洋生物  

ISBN: (纸本)9787568531825

摘要： 本书结合已建成的海洋馆设计经验，总结归纳了设计环节中关键的标准化、模块化的数据，从海洋馆的发展、前期策划、场馆的设计规划、动物选择等多个方面分别阐述。

关键词： aquaculture water quality prediction   TCN deep learning   smart mariculture  

摘要： In smart mariculture, traditional methods are not only difficult to adapt to the complex, dynamic and changeable environment in open waters, but also have many problems, such as poor accuracy, high time complexity and poor long-term prediction. To solve these deficiencies, a new water quality prediction method based on TCN (temporal convolutional network) is proposed to predict dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and pH. The TCN prediction network can extract time series features and in-depth data features by introducing dilated causal convolution, and has a good effect of long-term prediction. At the same time, it is predicted that the network can process time series data in parallel, which greatly improves the time throughput of the model. Firstly, we arrange the 23,000 sets of water quality data collected in the cages according to time. Secondly, we use the Pearson correlation coefficient method to analyze the correlation information between water quality parameters. Finally, a long-term prediction model of water quality parameters based on a time domain convolutional network is constructed by using prior information and pre-processed water quality data. Experimental results show that long-term prediction method based on TCN has higher accuracy and less time complexity, compared with RNN (recurrent neural network), SRU (simple recurrent unit), BI-SRU (bi-directional simple recurrent unit), GRU (gated recurrent unit) and LSTM (long short-term memory). The prediction accuracy can reach up to 91.91%. The time costs of training model and prediction are reduced by an average of 64.92% and 7.24%, respectively.

关键词： 海洋生物   哺乳动物   海藻   鱼虾  

摘要： 说起海生哺乳动物,我们首先想到的是鲸类、海豹、海牛等。为了适应海洋生活,它们进化出了流线外形。不过,有一种史前哺乳动物虽然也生活在海洋中,却未进化出海洋生物的外形。这就是海懒兽。500万年前,今天秘鲁的西海岸被温暖的海水包围着,如今铺满黄沙的土地那时长满绿色的海藻。鱼虾在海藻中穿梭,寻找着食物。突然,一个黑影出现了,鱼虾纷纷四处逃窜。海懒兽也来享受这片温暖的海水了。

关键词： 古人类研究所   古脊椎动物   海洋生物多样性   我国华北地区   山西阳泉   史前   乌拉尔  

摘要： 我国首次发现2.9亿年前史前巨鲨近日,来自中科院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所等单位的研究人员在山西阳泉地区首次发现2.9亿年前史前巨鲨--瓣齿鲨。该发现刷新了瓣齿鲨属在全世界的化石分布纪录,对研究我国华北地区二叠纪乌拉尔世时期海洋生物多样性与分析指示古环境有重要意义。

关键词： 海洋生物学   卵圆卡盾藻   溶血活性   光合色素   金属离子  

摘要： 本研究探索了不同浓度的铜和镁离子对卵圆卡盾藻(Chattonella ovata)光合色素含量及其溶血活性的影响,并探讨了溶血活性与光合色素间的关系。结果表明,当铜和镁离子浓度分别为7.84μg/dm^(3)和18.79 g/dm^(3)时,卵圆卡盾藻达到最佳生长状态。不同浓度的铜离子(3.92、5.88、7.84、9.80μg/dm^(3))处理下,高浓度组(9.80μg/dm^(3))抑制了卵圆卡盾藻岩藻黄质和硅甲藻黄素的积累。随着镁离子浓度(7.52、11.27、15.03、18.79 g/dm^(3))的增加,叶绿素c2和硅甲藻黄素的平均含量增加,而紫黄质、岩藻黄质平均含量变化不显著(p<0.05)。卵圆卡盾藻的溶血活性均随金属离子浓度升高而增强,与叶绿素c2的变化趋势一致。对溶血活性与光合色素进行因子分析,提示溶血毒素与叶绿素c2密切相关,这种毒素可能是叶绿素c2或其类似物。