关键词： 岩石结构   达尔文   清澈透明   厄瓜多尔   海洋生物   拱门   潜水   圣地  

摘要： 2021年5月17日,世界各地的潜水爱好者们得知了一个糟心的消息:达尔文拱门塌了。这是个著名的潜水圣地,位于厄瓜多尔加拉帕哥斯群岛,是岩石结构,高43米,长70米,宽23米。该处水流平缓,清澈透明,可以看到各种奇奇怪怪的海洋生物,比如丝鲨、鹰政、双髻等,所以成为世界各国摄影师和潜水爱好者的打卡圣地。

关键词： 海洋生物   活性肽   海参   生物学功能   应用  

摘要： 海洋生物活性肽是一类具有生物功能的物质,它具有吸收快、分子量小、性能温和、功效性高等特点,能够快速补充营养,增强免疫力,激活细胞,改善新陈代谢。海参小分子肽也具有此类特点。本文综述了海参小分子肽的提取工艺、理化特性、生物学功能包括抗氧化、抗皱、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤等特性以及作为功能性食品或保健品、医药以及药妆品的应用。

关键词： 海洋保护区   海洋特别保护区   海洋生物多样性   海洋生态文明   绿水青山   大力推进   西门岛   红树林  

摘要： 保护海洋生物多样性,促进人与自然和谐共生,是浙江一直在坚持做的事。2005年,温州市西门岛获批我国首个国家级海洋特别保护区。此后,我省以海洋生态保护区建设为契机,大力推进海洋保护区基础设施建设。如今,浙江海洋保护区数量不断增多,保护面积逐步扩大,海水质量不断提升,保护区内红树林长势喜人,海岸线更加美丽。越来越多的海洋生物选择在此栖息繁衍,成为浙江建设海洋生态文明的真实写照。

关键词： mariculture wastewater   C/N ratio   A/O-MBBR process   EPS  

摘要： In order to explore the effect of carbon and nitrogen(C/N)ratio on the performance of anoxic/aerobic-moving bed bio-film reactor(A/O-MBBR)process for treating mariculture wastewater,a laboratory-scale A/O-MBBR was *** results showed that the reduction of C/N ratio was conducive to improving the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),while inhibiting that of nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(−)-N)and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(−)-N).The extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)in anoxic zone were significantly higher in concentration than that in aerobic zone although they both declined with decrease of C/N *** result provides solid support for better controlling the pollution of mariculture wastewater.

关键词： 总β   海水   沉积物   海洋生物   昌江核电站  

摘要： 在昌江核电站运营前,研究人员对其附近海域做了水质、沉积物和海洋生物总β放射性调查,并与我国其他海域及昌江核电站周围的陆地环境做了对比。结果表明:(1)海水样品总β比活度范围为0.040~0.074 Bq/L,平均值为0.054 Bq/L,与渤海、黄海、东海、南海近海、大亚湾核电站等海域相比,昌江核电站海域海水中总β放射性水平相对较低;(2)表层沉积物中总β比活度范围为257~925 Bq/kg,平均值为653 Bq/kg,研究海域沉积物中总β放射性水平与香港、青岛、阳江等海域水平相当;(3)海洋生物样品中总β比活度范围为8.7~63.8 Bq/kg,平均值为48.0 Bq/kg,海鱼类、虾类和贝类体内总β平均值分别为56.7 Bq/kg、63.4Bq/kg和24.0 Bq/kg,鱼类和虾类明显大于贝类。本研究可为今后科学、合理地评价核电站运行对海洋环境的影响提供重要的数据支撑。

关键词： 生存本领   海洋生物   名副其实   生活   水下   地球   世界  

摘要： 我们的地球是一颗名副其实的水球,海洋占据了地球上大约71%的面积。在广阔无边的海洋世界中,生活着许多海洋生物。那些生活在海洋里的“居民”形态各异、神秘莫测,有的还有着非同寻常的生存本领!今天,就让我们一起走进神秘的海洋,去了解一下那些水下世界中的“奇能异士”吧。

关键词： driving force   dynamic change   growth pattern   intensive coefficient   mariculture   stochastic frontier analysis  

摘要： Up to now, China's mariculture has shifted from high growth to medium-high growth, which not only means a slowdown in growth, but also a shift in growth impetus. How can China achieve dynamic transformation to promote sustainable development and maintain its status as a mariculture superpower? Using data on China's ten coastal regions from 2003 to 2017, this study applies stochastic frontier analysis and the Malmquist index decomposition method combined with the translog production function to incorporate capital, labour, resources, and total factor productivity (TFP) into the growth accounting framework of mariculture and explores the dynamic track of the growth power transformation of China's mariculture. The results indicate that although the contribution of capital fluctuates, it remains high for a long time. The contribution rate of TFP was very low at first, but since 2010, it has been increasing. After 2016, TFP has replaced capital input as the primary driving force of mariculture in China. The contributions of labour and resources are positive, but their roles are gradually reduced. The growth mode of factor input is no longer sustainable, and the growth of mariculture must 'open up a new path', which is TFP.

关键词： Aerobic   anoxic duration   Mariculture wastewater   Nitrifying and denitrifying rates   Microbial community   Keystone taxa  

摘要： The effect of aerobic/anoxic duration on the performance, microbial community and enzymatic activity of sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) were investigated in treating mariculture wastewater. The microbial oxygen uptake rate and nitrifying rate gradually decreased with the aerobic/anoxic duration from 120/210 to 30/300 min, whereas the nitrite reducing rate and nitrate reducing rate had the opposite results. The activities of dehydrogenase, ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite oxidoreductase gradually decreased with the aerobic/ anoxic duration from 120/210 to 30/300 min, but the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase had a gradual increment. The microbial nitrogen removal rates had similar changing trends to their corresponding enzymatic activities at different aerobic/anoxic duration. The variation of aerobic/anoxic duration obviously affected the microbial richness and diversity of SBBR. The co-occurrence, keystone taxa and significant difference of microbial community had some changes with the aerobic/anoxic duration from 120/210 to 30/300 min.

标准号: HY/T 0319-2021

摘要： 本文件规定了贝类脂溶性海洋生物毒素大田软海绵酸、鳍藻毒素、蛤毒素、虾夷扇贝毒素、原多甲藻酸毒素、环亚胺毒素等11个毒素化合物的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法原理、操作步骤及结果计算等。本文件适用于贝类体中脂溶性海洋生物毒素的检测。