关键词： 自然   格子   光影   陆生野生动物   高大空间   地质地貌   矿产资源   海洋生物  

摘要： 在近4000平方米、高度由8米到22米的高大空间内,将地质地貌、矿产资源、宝玉石、中草药、陆生野生动物、海洋生物、古生物共7个主题展览纳入其中,展线总长度达到1221米,这就是广东省博物馆自然部的现状。

关键词： 海洋生物学   游泳动物   种类组成   多样性   诏安湾  

摘要： 根据2009年5月单船底层拖网和定置三重刺网作业调查资料,分析研究了诏安湾口海域春季游泳动物的种类组成、生物密度指数分布及种类多样性等.结果表明:调查海域游泳动物有48种,其中鱼类为26种,占54.2%;甲壳类为16种,占33.3%;头足类为6种,占12.5%.相对重要性指数(IRI)大于500的有4种,分别为多鳞鱚(Sillago sihama)、白姑鱼(Argyrosomus argentatus)、日本蟳(Charybdis japonica)、哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii);种类丰富度指数范围为1.412～3.419,平均值为2.291;Shannon-wiener多样度指数范围为0.800～2.264,平均值为1.568;种类均匀度指数范围为0.411～0.836,平均值为0.659.总体来看,诏安湾口海域生物量处于较低水平,需要开展增殖放流,通过海洋牧场与人工鱼礁建设,以逐步恢复渔业资源.

关键词： BSAF   cadmium   copper   zinc   lead   chromium  

摘要： Nowadays, the marine environment is becoming vulnerable because of anthropogenic pollutants such as heavy metals carried by small particles of fly ash generated by coal burning power plants. Toxic heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr were estimated in three types of marine organisms, i.e., Arius maculatus, Penaeus merguiensis, and Anadara granosa, collected from a coal burning power plant area of Malaysia. An independent-sample t-test was conducted to compare the metal concentration in analysed species where significant differences were observed between A. maculatus, P merguiensis, and A. granosa in the case of Cd, Cu, and Cr concentrations. Moreover, there were statistically significant difference between A. maculatus and A. granosa, as well as between P. merguiensis and A. granosa, in the case of Zn concentration. Similarly, A. maculatus and P. merguiensis, and A. maculatus and P. merguiensis demonstrated significant differences in the case of Pb concentration. Nevertheless, most of the species examined during this study exhibited concentrations that were lower than the permitted guideline. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two groups of analysed species where the first group included fish (A. maculatus) and shrimp (P merguiensis), whilst the second group consisted of cockles (A. granosa). The calculated values of biota-sediment accumulation factor were 0.79, 0.22, 0.59, 0.07, and 0.06 for A. maculatus;0.62, 2.31, 0.64, 0.05, and 0,04 for P. merguiensis;5.10, 0.66, 0.79, 0.05, and 0.10 for merguiensis in the case of Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr, respectively. The patterns of biota sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) were Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr for A. maculatus, Cu > Zn > Cd > Pb > Cr for P. merguiensis, and Cd > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb for A. granosa. However, the BSAFs revealed a higher accumulation ability of heavy metals in A. granosa. Therefore, this species can be used as a bio-indicator of marine pollution.

关键词： Biomass yield   Harvesting   Offshore culture system   Outplanting window   Atlantic Spanish coast   Undaria pinnatifida  

摘要： Little is known about offshore cultivation of the edible seaweed Undaria pinnatifida outside Asian waters. However, currently its commercial cultivation is being considered in the North Western Atlantic coast of Spain (Galicia). The effect of outplanting time and methodologies related to the cultivation of U. pinnatifida in this area was studied. Biomass yield, morphological features, and growth rate were examined on sporophytes outplanted from October to December at the same site in a coastal bay. Experiments were conducted over two years, applying different harvesting and cultivation methods. Results indicate that the most suitable months for outplanting were October and November, with larger biomass production as well as improved sporophyte quality (i.e., morphology). Cultivations from October to December ended when most of the sporophytes had developed sporophylls (reproductive structures) and this occurred between early and late April in all the outplanting trials. The similar harvest time for all plants suggests that harvesting time is not related to outplanting period but should be mainly influenced by the photoperiod. These results suggest a single harvest as the most appropriate method. Moreover, results also showed that cultivation was successful using the two tested methods: seedling string all along the culture rope and seedling strings inserted at regular intervals into the rope. Finally, this paper also discusses the suitability of two different systems of offshore farming: in long-line and in vertical rope.

关键词： strains   Vibrio ponticus   corals   Clearly   Solea senegalensis   Vibrio   regions of Spain   Vibrio fluvialis  

摘要： Five strains (CAIM 1831(T), CAIM 1832, CAIM 1833, CAIM 1834 and CAIM 1836) were isolated from cultured sole (So lea senegalensis) in two regions of Spain, two strains (CAIM 404 and CAIM 1294) from wild-caught spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) in Mexico, and one strain (CAIM 1835) from corals in Brazil. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the novel isolates showed similarity to Vibrio ponticus (98.2-98.3%, GenBank accession no. AJ630103) and to a lesser degree to Vibrio furnissii (97.2-97.3%, X76336) and to Vibrio fluvialis (96.9-97.1%, X74703). Multi locus sequence analysis clustered these strains closely together and clearly separated them from phylogenetically related species of the genus Vibrio. Genomic fingerprinting by rep-PCR clustered the novel strains according to their geographical origin. Phenotypic analyses showed a large variation among the new strains, but many tests enabled them to be differentiated from other species of the genus Vibrio. The mean Delta T-m values between the strains analysed here and closely related type strains were above 6.79 degrees C. The values between the novel isolates were below 2.35 degrees C, well outside the limit suggested for the delineation of a bacterial species. The phenotypic and genotypic data presented here clearly place these new strains as a coherent group within the genus Vibrio, for which we propose the name Vibrio alfacsensis sp. nov. with CAIM 1831(T) (=DSM 24595(T)=5277(T)) as the type strain.

关键词： 海洋生物技术   本科院校   专业建设   课程建设  

摘要： 随着沿海大开发的开展,社会各行业对海洋科学技术人才的需求也日益迫切,而人才的培养要以专业作为载体,在这种背景下,建设海洋生物技术专业显得尤为重要。完善该专业的建设要构建多样化的人才培养模式,优化课程体系建设、改革教学方法,建设师资队伍,强化实践教学、实行产学研合作教育,加强与其他涉海类大学的合作交流,加大政府部门的支持和投入。

关键词： 赤潮生物   危害   海洋生态系统   海水养殖业   预防   分类   海洋浮游植物   海洋生物  

摘要： 赤潮是海水中某一种或多种海洋浮游植物、原生动物或细菌，在一定环境条件下暴发性繁殖或高度聚集．因而引起的一种能使局部水体改变颜色的生态异常现象，并有可能造成海洋生物的死亡，这就是人们所熟知的赤潮现象。赤潮破坏了海洋生态系统．直接或间接地危害了，海洋环境、海洋生物和人类健康，已对海洋渔业、海水养殖业、滨海旅游和休闲业构成严重威胁。为世界三大近海污染问题之一。

关键词： 透明标本   海洋生物   海生物   艺术家   新世界   荧光   日本   技术   鱼类   色彩  

摘要： 日本艺术家富田伊织近日利用荧光墨等技术,将数千个海洋生物制成透明的标本,从而创作出"新世界透明标本集"。这些透明的鱼类及海洋生物标本,呈现出神奇而美丽的色彩。

关键词： 石斑鱼   渔业局   香港   出口   合作项目   中文   深海养殖   海洋生物  

摘要： 10月25日，中国与文莱合资的金航（文莱）海洋生物有限公司在文莱摩拉港水域举办深海养殖的45吨石斑鱼首批出口香港庆典仪式。文莱工业与主要资源部部长叶海亚出席该仪式，中国驻文莱大使馆、广东省海洋与渔业局应邀派人参加。此次出口香港石斑鱼约7500尾，平均重量达到6公斤／尾，价值达120万文元（约合100万美元）。除石斑鱼外，金航公司还养殖了金鲳鱼约9万条，重约100吨，主要用于．供应本地市场。