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关键词： 科研人员   唯一标识符   人名规范控制   Researcher   Unique identifier   Name authority control  

摘要： [目的/意义]当前科研人员的姓名问题十分复杂，重名、别名等情况屡见不鲜，为信息检索带来很大的不便。为解决这一问题，许多图情领域学协会或机构开展了科研人员唯一标识符研究项目，并建立了科研人员唯一标识符系统。本文试图通过对这些项目和系统的梳理分析，归纳现有科研人员唯一标识符系统存在的问题，以引起相关学者对科研人员唯一标识符问题的关注，为今后相关研究提供有益的参考与借鉴。[方法/过程]以网站调研为主，从项目组织模式、分配方式、标识符构成以及主要实现技术等角度出发，全面、深入地调研现有科研人员唯一标识符项目的官方网站，以获取关于科研人员唯一标识符项目的准确信息。以文献调研为辅，从侧面辅助了解现有科研人员唯一标识符项目及系统的发展历程与现状。[结果/结论]定义科研人员唯一标识符的概念，指出科研人员唯一标识符的特点：唯一性、永久性和通用性。总结科研人员唯一标识符项目的组织模式、分配方式、支撑技术等；得出现有科研人员唯一标识符系统存在的问题：一致性问题、诚信及隐私问题、可推广性问题和信息更新问题，并给出相应建议。

关键词： Automatic software understanding   data mining   text classification   software engineering  

摘要： Identifier names (e.g., packages, classes, methods, variables) are one of most important software comprehension sources. Identifier names need to be analyzed in order to support collaborative software engineering and to reuse source codes. Indeed, they convey domain concept of softwares. For instance, "getMinimumSupport" would be associated with association rule concept in data mining softwares, while some are difficult to recognize such as the case of mixing parts of words (e.g., "initFeatSet"). We thus propose methods for assisting automatic software understanding by classifying identifier names into domain concept categories. An innovative solution based on data mining algorithms is proposed. Our approach aims to learn character patterns of identifier names. The main challenges are (1) to automatically split identifier names into relevant constituent subnames (2) to build a model associating such a set of subnames to predefined domain concepts. For this purpose, we propose a novel manner for splitting such identifiers into their constituent words and use N-grams based text classification to predict the related domain concept. In this article, we report the theoretical method and the algorithms we propose, together with the experiments run on real software source codes that show the interest of our approach.

关键词： DOI   一篇   标识符   万方数据   基金会   后缀   词缀   杂志   机电产品开发   创新  

摘要： 由北京万方数据股份有限公司运行的中文DOIR注册机构是IDF(国际DOI基金会)正式授权的DOI注册机构,负责开展各种中文数字资源的DOI注册及服务。为了促进中国期刊的全球标准化推广工作,促进中文学术信息的网络传播与利用、提高中国期刊的全球影响力。我刊于2009年5月与万方数据签约注册DOI。1 DOI介绍1.1 DOI是一种标识DOI为数字信息提供了全球唯一的身份标识,就如同出版物贴上了条形码一样,无论走到哪里都有踪迹可寻。因而DOI被

关键词： POLYMERASE chain reaction   EQUIPMENT & supplies   BATS   COMMERCIAL product evaluation   CONFIDENCE intervals   GENES   RABIES   RNA   VIRUSES   DESCRIPTIVE statistics   IN vitro studies  

摘要： This study evaluates the performance of five two-step SYBR Green RT-qPCR kits and five one-step SYBR Green qRT-PCR kits using real-time PCR assays. Two real-time thermocyclers showing different throughput capacities were used. The analysed performance evaluation criteria included the generation of standard curve, reaction efficiency, analytical sensitivity, intra-and interassay repeatability as well as the costs and the practicability of kits, and thermocycling times. We found that the optimised one-step PCR assays had a higher detection sensitivity than the optimised two-step assays regardless of the machine used, while no difference was detected in reaction efficiency, R-2 values, and intra-and interreproducibility between the two methods. The limit of detection at the 95% confidence level varied between 15 to 981 copies/mu L and41 to171 forone-stepkits and two-stepkits, respectively. Of the ten kits tested, the most efficient kit was the Quantitect SYBR Green qRT-PCR with a limit of detection at 95% of confidence of 20 and 22 copies/mu L on the thermocyclers Rotor gene Q MDx and MX3005P, respectively. The study demonstrated the pivotal influence of the thermocycler on PCR performance for the detection of rabies RNA, as well as that of the master mixes.

摘要： Background: The StiL Study NHL 7-2008 investigates the role of maintenance duration with rituximab after induction with bendamustine-rituximab (B-R) for first-line treatment of advanced follicular (FL), other indolent lymphoma, or mantle cell lymphoma. Methods: Patients (pts) with FL were treated with a maximum of 6 cycles of B-R (bendamustine 90 mg/m2 [days 1+2], rituximab 375 mg/m2) administered every 28 days plus 2 additional cycles of rituximab every 4 weeks. All responding pts (complete response [CR] or partial response [PR]) were then eligible for rituximab maintenance treatment and a subsequent randomization: all responding pts with FL received 2 years rituximab maintenance (375 mg/m2) administered every two months. Pts with an ongoing response were then randomized 1:1 to observation (no further treatment) or to 2 more years of rituximab maintenance (i.e. B-R plus 2 years vs 4 years rituximab maintenance). Here we report on the response to B-R and tolerability and safety of B-R followed by 2 years of rituximab maintenance in pts with FL only. Patient Characteristics: To date, 612 pts (319 women and 293 men) with FL have been registered (first patient in April 2009, last patient registered July 2012). Median age was 61 years (range, 24-81); 352 (58%) pts had stage IV; median number of nodal areas was 5; bone marrow involvement was found in 322 (52%) pts; and 175 pts (28%) presented with splenomegaly. The median LDH was 210 U/l, with 197 pts (32%) having an LDH > 240 U/l. Median FLIPI was 3 and the median CD4 count was 491 per mm3at induction. Results: To date, 546 pts of 612 are evaluable for response and safety. The overall response rate (ORR) was 93.6% with 511 pts achieving a remission after B-R induction therapy. The CR rate was 39.6%; nine pts (1.6%) had stable disease; and 27 (4.9%) did not respond to B-R and had progressive disease. Of these 511 pts achieving remission, 291 (56.9%) received the full planned 2 years rituximab maintenance treatment, and 2

摘要： Background: The SWOG 9011 trial of augmented conditioning regimens (12 Gy TBI or BCNU 15mg/kg with both etoposide 60 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg) prior to single AHCT for pts with relapsed or refractory HL demonstrated 5-yr PFS and OS of 41% and 54% respectively in 74 treated pts. Among 46 previously irradiated pts with 2-3 high risk features, the 5-yr OS was 38% compared with 60% for pts with 0-1 risk features. Post-AHCT relapse was the major cause of failure (Stiff et al. BBMT 2003; 9:529). The strategy of sequential high-dose (HD) chemotherapy + tandem AHCT for poor prognosis HL patients was investigated in a City of Hope (COH) & Loyola University (LU) pilot trial of tandem AHCT in 46 HL pts with primary progressive or relapsed HL with at least 1 poor-risk feature. Trial results were promising, with 5-yr OS, EFS and FFP of 54%, 49% and 55% respectively and 100-day TRM of 4% (Fung et al. BBMT 2007;13:594). The purpose of the SWOG led trial S0410 was to evaluate the COH/LU regimen in a phase II cooperative group setting, with the primary endpoint of 2-yr PFS. Methods: Pts with refractory/relapsed HL, eligible ages 15 -70, were enrolled after salvage therapy & stem cell collection (minimum 3.5 X 10.6 CD34/kg). Pts with relapse after prior CR received minimum of 2 cycles salvage chemotherapy or minimum of 25 Gy involved field radiation therapy (IFRT) to determine if they had sensitive or resistant HL. Pts with late relapse (> 12 months after 1st CR) responsive to salvage therapy were excluded. Pts with > 5cm bulk disease after salvage had to agree to 18 Gy IFRT pre-AHCT. A designed sample size of 85 pts over 2-yrs with 18 months follow-up was chosen to have 86% power by 0.025 one-sided alpha test to detect a 15% increase in 2-yr PFS as compared to the historical 2-yr PFS of 45% in S9011. After IFRT to bulk disease pre-AHCT, pts were treated with cycle 1 HD-Melphalan (150 mg/m2) + AHCT. If response after cycle 1 AHCT was SD or better, pts had 2nd AHCT with on

摘要： Introduction: CD23 is a 45-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein corresponding to the low-affinity receptor for the immunoglobulin E (IgE). There are two isoforms - CD23a expressed on B-cells, and CD23b primarily expressed on monocytes, T-cells and platelets. The CD23 protein can be cleaved and released into the serum as a soluble form of CD23 (sCD23). The sCD23 is a 25kDa fragment that can be found in serum, plasma and urine in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Objective: To evaluate a novel and robust method of sCD23 detection using CBA detection, and correlate with known markers of prognostication and clinical outcome. Methods: At Barts & The London School of Medicine, historical serum samples have been taken at diagnosis from patients with CLL between 1984 to 2012 with corresponding clinical data. Serum analysis was obtained from 60 healthy controls and assessed for sCD23 in ng/ml (France and Canada). sCD23 levels (ng/ml) were evaluated against known prognostic markers and clinical features, including: ZAP-70 (>20%), CD38 (>20%), B2M, cytogenetics (17p-/11q- vs 12+/13q-/normal), LDH, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. 107 samples from 86 patients underwent retrospective assessment of sCD23 from stored serum. The sCD23 cytometric bead array (CBA) flow cytometric assay (BD Biosciences) captures the soluble analyte with beads of known size and fluorescence.1 Capture beads are identified and sCD23 quantification (in ng/ml) is performed based on PE fluorescence excitation. Results were acquired using FACSDiva (BD Biosciences) and analysed using FCAParray. Statistical analysis was performed and significance was set at <0.05%. Results: sCD23 levels from the 86 patients ranged from 1.92 to 2441 ng/ml with a median value of 234.5 ng/ml. The sCD23 levels from the healthy control group ranged from 0.43 to 5.16 ng/ml with a median value of 1.56 ng/ml (figure 1).

标准号: GB/T 30269.501-2014

摘要： GB/T 30269的本部分规定了传感器网络中传感节点标识符的结构和编制规则。本部分适用于传感器网络中的传感节点管理与应用。

关键词： Biodiversity*   Biodiversity*   Computational Biology/methods*   Database Management Systems*   Databases, Factual   Information Storage and Retrieval*   Internet  

摘要： The biodiversity informatics community has discussed aspirations and approaches for assigning globally unique identifiers (GUIDs) to biocollections for nearly a decade. During that time, and despite misgivings, the de facto standard identifier has become the ``Darwin Core Triplet'', which is a concatenation of values for institution code, collection code, and catalog number associated with biocollections material. Our aim is not to rehash the challenging discussions regarding which GUID system in theory best supports the biodiversity informatics use case of discovering and linking digital data across the Internet, but how well we can link those data together at this moment, utilizing the current identifier schemes that have already been deployed. We gathered Darwin Core Triplets from a subset of VertNet records, along with vertebrate records from GenBank and the Barcode of Life Data System, in order to determine how Darwin Core Triplets are deployed ``in the wild''. We asked if those triplets follow the recommended structure and whether they provide an easy and unambiguous means to track from specimen records to genetic sequence records. We show that Darwin Core Triplets are often riddled with semantic and syntactic errors when deployed and curated in practice, despite specifications about how to construct them. Our results strongly suggest that Darwin Core Triplets that have not been carefully curated are not currently serving a useful role for relinking data. We briefly consider needed next steps to overcome current limitations.

关键词： 标识符   推广应用   互操作   文献资源  

摘要： 随着科学技术、信息技术、互联网技术的进步,承载内容的介质及阅读方式均呈现多样化,而标识符从标识纸质出版物逐步扩展,目前也已延伸到数字出版.该类标识符在得到广泛应用的同时,也存在落实程度和应用效率不一等问题,凸显出背后的标准制订和管理问题.创新管理模式,实现不同表现形式和不同载体间文献资源的检索和聚合,是标识符未来的发展方向.