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摘要： In three years' period, rotavirus infection detection rate in overall outpatient visits of our hospital decreased from 25% to 10% in 2009.

关键词： Citation practices   Digitisation   Persistent identifiers   Uniform resource names  

摘要： This paper describes a project carried out by the German National Library, the University and State Library Sachsen-Anhalt in Halle and Semantics GmbH Aachen to establish routines of persistent identification for individual pages of web publications in order to enable and facilitate reliable and long-term valid citation practices for the academic community. The project originated in a pilot project to digitise approximately 10,000 German imprints from the seventeenth century comprising altogether about 600,000 pages, which had to be completed within two years. The material of the 'Ponickau Collection' had been catalogued in the German national bibliography of seventeenthcentury imprints (VD 17), which was enriched and turned into a virtual library by adding the digitised texts. This article investigates the means of presentation and indexing of digitised imprints in order to ensure their usability. It also sketches the workflow among the various partners involved in the process. The article highlights the application of Visual Library, which contains various tools for automated creation of metadata, the implementation of persistent identifiers (URN) and the automated enrichment of catalogue entries by the regional cataloguing cooperative Gemeinsamer Bibliotheksverbund (GBV). Special emphasis is given to questions of quality management;the quality is guaranteed by a combination of automated tools and intellectual control at various stages of the digitisation process.

关键词： information retrieval   data sharing   databases   bioinformatics   PubMed   gene expression microarrays  

摘要： Background The ability to locate publicly available gene expression microarray datasets effectively and efficiently facilitates the reuse of these potentially valuable resources. Centralized biomedical databases allow users to query dataset metadata descriptions, but these annotations are often too sparse and diverse to allow complex and accurate queries. In this study we examined the ability of PubMed article identifiers to locate publicly available gene expression microarray datasets, and investigated whether the retrieved datasets were representative of publicly available datasets found through statements of data sharing in the associated research articles. Results In a recent article, Ochsner and colleagues identified 397 studies that had generated gene expression microarray data. Their search of the full text of each publication for statements of data sharing revealed 203 publicly available datasets, including 179 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) or ArrayExpress databases. Our scripted search of GEO and ArrayExpress for PubMed identifiers of the same 397 studies returned 160 datasets, including six not found by the original search for data sharing statements. As a proportion of datasets found by either method, the search for data sharing statements identified 91.4% of the 209 publicly available datasets, compared to 76.6% found by our search for PubMed identifiers. Searching GEO or ArrayExpress alone retrieved 63.2% and 46.9% of all available datasets, respectively. Studies retrieved through PubMed identifiers were representative of all datasets in terms of research theme, technology, size, and impact, though the recall was highest for datasets published by the highestimpact journals. Conclusions Searching database entries using PubMed identifiers can identify the majority of publicly available datasets. We urge authors of all datasets to complete the citation fields for their dataset submissions once publication details are known, thereby ensuring their wo

关键词： Application Program Interface   Biological Entity   Mapping Service   Gene Identifier   Database File  

摘要： Background: Many complementary solutions are available for the identifier mapping problem. This creates an opportunity for bioinformatics tool developers. Tools can be made to flexibly support multiple mapping services or mapping services could be combined to get broader coverage. This approach requires an interface layer between tools and mapping services. Results: Here we present BridgeDb, a software framework for gene, protein and metabolite identifier mapping. This framework provides a standardized interface layer through which bioinformatics tools can be connected to different identifier mapping services. This approach makes it easier for tool developers to support identifier mapping. Mapping services can be combined or merged to support multi-omics experiments or to integrate custom microarray annotations. BridgeDb provides its own ready-to-go mapping services, both in webservice and local database forms. However, the framework is intended for customization and adaptation to any identifier mapping service. BridgeDb has already been integrated into several bioinformatics applications. Conclusion: By uncoupling bioinformatics tools from mapping services, BridgeDb improves capability and flexibility of those tools. All described software is open source and available at http://***.

关键词： 中华医学会系列杂志   标注   object   数字信息   出版物   国际标准   互联网   条形码  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。

关键词： 数字信息   中华医学会   发表论文   杂志   object   出版物   国际标准   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。

关键词： 中华医学会系列杂志   object   数字信息   出版物   国际标准   互联网   条形码  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。

关键词： 中华医学会系列杂志   标注   object   数字信息   出版物   国际标准   互联网   条形码  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。

关键词： 代码混淆   标识符重命名   混淆器  

摘要： 针对控制流混淆和数据混淆会引入额外开销的问题,提出4种标识符重命名算法,包括滥用标识符算法、重载无关联方法算法、非法标识符代替合法标识符算法以及重写静态方法算法,以这4种算法为核心技术构造Java混淆器JIRO,对JIRO的性能进行初步分析,结果表明,JIRO具有较好的混淆效果,不会引入额外的字节码执行开销。

关键词： 中华医学会系列杂志   标注   object   数字信息   出版物   国际标准   条形码   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码，是一个永久和惟一的标识号。