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关键词： biometrics sensors   fingerprint identification   fingerprint sensor   image processing   pixel-parallel processing   smart pixel  

摘要： A chip architecture that integrates a fingerprint sensor and an identifier in a single chip is proposed. The fingerprint identifier is formed by an array of pixels, and each pixel contains a sensing element and a processing element. The sensing element senses capacitances formed by a finger surface to capture a fingerprint image. An identification is performed by the pixel-parallel processing of the pixels. The sensing element is built above the processing element in each pixel. The chip architecture realizes a wide-area sensor without a large increase of chip size and ensures high sensor sensitivity while maintaining a high image density. The sensing element is covered with a hard film to prevent physical and chemical degradation and surrounded by a ground wall to shield it. The wall is also exposed on the chip surface to protect against damage by electrostatic discharges from the finger contacting the chip. A 15 x 15 mm(2) single-chip fingerprint sensor/identifier LSI was fabricated using 0.5-mu m standard CMOS with the sensor process. The sensor area is 10.1 x 13.5 mm(2). The sensing and identification time is 102 ms with power consumption of 8.8 mW at 3.3 V. Five hundred tests confirmed a stranger-rejection rate of the chip of more than 99% and a user-rejection rate of less than 1%.

摘要： This paper profiles six fourth-grade readers in a group of eight as they participated in literacy events with authentic trade books in the language arts curriculum. The students’ interpretations of texts are examined in light of the construct of interpretive authority. Interpretive authority suggests that participants in literacy events have authority to determine whether responses shared by others are acceptable and add to group meaning making, or whether responses are irrelevant to understanding the text. Findings highlight the complexities of interpretive authority as students positioned themselves in diverse ways within the literacy events. © 1999 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

关键词： 数据结构   代码   数据处理   数据安全   视频记录   数据布置   句法   摄影图像   代码表示   合格   字符串   记录系统   数据转换   计算机软件   批准机构   信息块格式   标识符   信息标志   表(数据)   编码(数据转换)   名称与符号   验证   识别方法   色码   数据存储保护   注册组织   数据压缩   译码   数字记录法   外形  

标准号: BS ISO/IEC 10918-4-1999

摘要： This Recommendation | International Standard provides for the unique registration of JPEG and SPIFF Profiles, SPIFF Tags, SPIFF colour Spaces, application specific Markers, SPIFF Compression types and images Registration authorities as defined in the CCITT Rec. T.81 | ISO/IEC 10918-1 and ITU-T Rec. T.84 | ISO/IEC 10918-3. Unless otherwise specified, (P)rofiles, (T)ags, colour (S)paces, (M)arkers, (C)ompression types and image (R)egistration authorities will be referred to as PTSMCR items. ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 29 will delegate to a designated Authority the role to collect, study, approve, register and disseminate the relevant information to allow for the customization of JPEG standard. The following table gives an overview of the main issues about registration of PTSMCR items.

关键词： 作用域   局部变量   语言程序设计   指针变量   学习辅导   程序段   变量参数   标识符   子程序   变量说明  

摘要： 1 学习难点1.1 标识符的作用域程序中任一标识符,如常量、变量、类型、过程名、函数名等都有自己的作用域,并从而分为局部量和全程量,下面仅以变量说明之。1.1.1 局部变量和它的作用域在函数或过程内部说明的变量称为局部变量。

关键词： Analyse de discours   Analyse structurale du récit   Analysis of Open-Ended Interviews   Discourse Analysis   ENDR   Lexicometry   Lexicométrie   Rafale   Récit   Speech   Spurts (Rafales)   Structural Analysis of Speech  

摘要： L'article présente les résultats d'un travail effectué sur une méthode d'analyse des entretiens non-directifs de recherche (ENDR). L'identification d'une série de termes répétés en même temps de manière importante dans une courte séquence de texte (i.e des “rafales”) permet de mettre en évidence les “paquets de sens” qui constituent des épisodes. En suivant ces rafales de termes, on peut espérer repérer les ruptures thématiques (fin d'une série de rafales), les passages où les fils du récit se dénouent cependant qu'un nouveau thème (ou épisode ici) est développé (nouvelle série de rafales). L'algorithme des rafales a été intégré dans le logiciel d'analyse sémantique TROPES. On se propose de montrer l'intérét de cette méthode pour l'analyse des entretiens non-directifs. L'exposé cherchera notamment à croiser une approche lexicométrique (rafales formées à partir de formes graphiques) et sémantiques (rafales constituées à partir de classe de termes considérés comme équivalents du point de vue du sens). © 1999, Sage Publications. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

关键词： social choices   group decision making   negotiation   conflict resolution   decision support systems  

摘要： It has been observed that in single voting unanimity can rarely be reached. In many situations, however, members may not be aware that their preferences as expressed by their votes may contain room for compromise. This paper proposes a consensus-seeking methodology - the Negotiable Alternatives Identifier (NAI)- that searches for such a compromise. Starting with individual cardinal preferences on alternatives, NAI classifies alternatives into three classes of preferences: the most preferred, the less preferred and the least preferred. Within each class, relatively small differences in preferences among alternatives may make it reasonable for a decision maker to consider them interchangeable. As a result of this flexibility, a collective solution acceptable to all decision makers can be generated. In this paper we provide some theorems and their proofs to address the extreme conditions of the proposed heuristic. Also we provide an example to illustrate how to use the proposed heuristic to solve a real-world problem. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： CIP   图书在版编目   图书著录   图书分类   标识符   排版错误   书目数据   数据质量  

摘要： CIP数据的最大作用就是能给出版、发行、图书情报工作带来极大方便 。然而在实际中，由于数据不准确，错误导向会使CIP数据失去意义。建议加强管理，提高CIP数据质量，让CIP数据真正发挥作用。

关键词： 信息技术   数据元   信息交流   标识符   电气元件   计算机辅助设计   计算机辅助设计   交换格式   自动化   电子数据交换   数据处理  

标准号: BS DD ENV 50247-1-1999

摘要： To model electric component data and to define an interchange format for that data which is independent of the computer supplier.

标准号: NF Z52-010-1999

关键词： 金融交易   交换规范   报文类型   数据元   电子信息   计算机网络技术   信息交换   交易信息   实时处理   标识符  

摘要： 随着计算机网络技术的发展与成熟,目前金融行业已经跨越了通过手工以及邮件传递金融交易信息的阶段,步入通过计算机高速网络交换电子信息,实时处理金融交易业务的时代,通过汁算机网络各种金融交易的电子信息可以跨地区、跨系统。