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标准号: GB/T 38606-2020

摘要： 本标准规定了物联网标识体系中数据内容标识符及其对应数据编码的内容和格式。本标准适用于物联网应用中对象本身及其属性数据内容的标识。

关键词： Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling   Geographic imputation   Respiratory diseases   Social determinants of health   Air pollution   Hospitalization record data   Rural health   Urban health   SEA-AIR Study  

摘要： Background: Ecologic health studies often rely on outcomes from health service utilization data that are limited by relatively coarse spatial resolutions and missing geographic information, particularly neighborhood level identifiers. When fine-scale geographic data are missing, the ramifications and strategies for addressing them are not well researched or developed. This study illustrates a novel spatio-temporal framework that combines a geographic identifier assignment (i.e., geographic imputation) algorithm with predictive Bayesian variable selection to identify neighborhood factors associated with disparities in emergency department (ED) visits for asthma. Methods: ED visit records with missing fine-scale spatial identifiers (similar to 20%) were geocoded using information from known, coarser, misaligned spatial units using an innovative geographic identifier assignment algorithm. We then employed systematic variable selection in a spatio-temporal Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) predictive framework within the NIMBLE package in R. Our novel methodology is illustrated in an ecologic case study aimed at identifying neighborhood-level predictors of asthma ED visits in South Carolina, United States, from 1999 to 2015. The health outcome was annual ED visit counts in small areas (i.e., census tracts) with primary diagnoses of asthma (ICD9 codes ***) among children ages 5 to 19 years. Results: We maintained 96% of ED visit records for this analysis. When the algorithm used areal proportions as probabilities for assignment, which addressed differential missingness of census tract identifiers in rural areas, variable selection consistently identified significant neighborhood-level predictors of asthma ED visit risk including pharmacy proximity, average household size, and carbon monoxide interactions. Contrasted with common solutions of removing geographically incomplete records or scaling up analyses, our methodology identified critical differences in parameters

关键词： 数字对象   标注规则   杂志内容   网络链接   网络传播权   知识产权   资源数字化   标识符  

摘要： 根据中华医学会杂志社有关通知要求,为更好的提升杂志内容资源数字化传播效能,保护数字资源在网络链接中的知识产权和网络传播权,实现对数字对象的持续追踪和阅读数据的有效统计,自2020年(第38卷)3期,我刊D0I号标注规则进行修订。

关键词： 数字对象唯一标识符   中华医学会系列杂志   数字信息   互联网信息   唯一标识   DOI   条形码   ISSN  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符(digital object identifier,DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号(ISBN、ISSN、JSCN)及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文挡一旦变更了网址便无从追索。

关键词： 数字对象   唯一标识符  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符(digital object identifier,DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号(ISBN、ISSN、ISCN)及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码,是一个永久和唯一的标识号。随着时间推移,数字对象的某些有关信息可能会有变化(包括存储的物理位置),而DOI可让使用者直接由此链接到出版商的数据库、文献、摘要甚至是全文,识别码可以直接指引到出版物的本身,使国内外各种来源、不同物理地址的各种类型的学术信息实现互链互通。DOI是一个可供全球期刊快速链接的管理系统,整个系统由国际DOI基金会(IDF)进行全球分布式管理。随着DOI的普及,可以借助其进行相关的科研评价,分析高被引频次作者、单位和论文等相关信息,了解各个领域学术研究的热点、影响和趋势,以及研究者在本研究领域的影响力及最新研究成果。中文和外文资源,一次和二次文献,科技文献和数据通过DOI可实现动态的、开放式的知识链接,整体提升包括期刊在内的数字资源的使用率,为读者提供更好的服务。进而逐步提高中国期刊的被引率,整体上提高中国精品期刊在国际上的影响度和显示度,最终推动并建立一个与世界接轨的、永久的、开放互动、成员主动参与、覆盖主要学术研究信息领域的知识链接系统,推动数字期刊的发展和繁荣。

关键词： 数字对象标识符   数字化期刊   数字化传播   杂志内容   DOI   网络链接   数字信息   网络传播权  

摘要： 数字对象标识符(digital object identifier,DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。为了实现杂志内容资源的有效数字化传播,同时保护这些数字资源在网络链接中的知识产权和网络传播权,为标识对象的版权状态提供基础,实现对数字对象版权状态的持续追踪,本杂志纸版期刊和数字化期刊的论文全部标注DOI。即除科普和消息类稿件外,其他文章均需标DOI。由编辑部为决定刊载的论文标注DOI。

关键词： 源代码分析   标识符归一化   组合词拆分   缩写词扩充   软件演化  

摘要： 作为代码分析和理解的重要内容,代码标识符及其归一化是国际学术界的前沿热点研究领域。标识符归一化旨在将标识符解析成自然语言词汇,以提高代码的可理解性和可维护性。标识符归一化主要包括两个极具挑战性的步骤,分别为组合词拆分和缩写词扩充。文中详细介绍了代码标识符归一化的研究现状,并进行了深入分析,总结出现有工作的困难和不足。同时,为了解决标识符归一化面临的困难和挑战,对该领域可行的解决思路和未来的发展趋势进行了归纳和展望,希望引导更多的研究者投入到这个重要的研究领域。

摘要： Accurate detection of genomic fusions by high-throughput sequencing in clinical samples with inadequate tumor purity and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue is an essential task in precise oncology. We developed the fusion detection algorithm Junction Location Identifier (JuLI) for optimization of high-depth clinical sequencing. Novel filtering steps were implemented to minimize false positives in the clinical setting. The algorithm was comprehensively validated using high-depth sequencing data from cancer cell lines and clinical samples and genome sequencing data from NA12878. JuLI showed improved performance mainly in positive predictive value over state-of-the-art fusion callers in cases with high-depth clinical sequencing and rescued a driver fusion from false negative in plasma cell-free DNA using joint calling.

关键词： silver dendrite   SERS   paper chips   molecularly imprinted polymer   neonicotinoid pesticide  

摘要： Real-time monitoring of neonicotinoid pesticide residues is of great significance for food security and sustainable development of the ecological environment. Herein, a paper-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) amplified approach was proposed by virtue of multilayered plasmonic coupling amplification. The unique plasmonic SERS multilayer was constructed using three-dimensional (3D) silver dendrite (SD)/electropolymerized molecular identifier (EMI)/silver nanoparticle (AgNP) sandwich hybrids with multiple hotspots and a strong electromagnetic field in nanogaps. Dendritelike 3D silver materials with remarkably high accessible surface areas and the lightning rod effect constituted the first-order enhancement of paper-based sensors. Molecular identifiers coated upon an SD layer as the interlayer were used for target capture and enrichment. Subsequently, AgNPs featuring rough surface and local plasma resonance decorated as the top layer formed the secondary enhancement of the amplification strategy. As the most brilliant part, dendritelike 3D silver coupled with AgNPs has established double Ag layers to accomplish a multistage enhancement of SERS signals based on the superposition of their electromagnetic fields. Owning to the distinctive design of the multiple coupling amplification strategy, the fabricated SERS paper chips demonstrated impressive specificity and ultrahigh sensitivity in the detection of imidacloprid (IMI), with a detection limit as low as 0.02811 ng mL(-1). More importantly, the multiple SERS enhancement paper chip holds great potential for automated screening of a variety of contaminants.

关键词： Fluidised bed   Fluctuating volume   Digital image analysis   Frequency domains   Chaotic dynamics  

摘要： The evolution of the volume of a fluidized bed solid-gas over time is measured by the oscillation of its surface. It is assumed that the system is governed by the pressure gradient between the plenum and the surface;the latter is considered as the reference. The surface oscillation is measured with a laterally located CCD video camera such that it monitors the flattest portion of the surface and records its coordinates. Simultaneously obtain all the phenomena that regulate the hydrodynamics of the bed, the entering bubbles, coalesce, split, increase their volume adiabatically, and explode on the surface. The gas flow and the weight of fluidized material are studied. The time series of the surface oscillation is analysed in the frequency domain and the phase space. The frequencies obtained are approximately between 0.6 Hz and 1.8 Hz. The entropy values behaves linearly proportional to the total number of bubbles. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.