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关键词： 数字信息   条形码   数字对象唯一标识符   网址   互联网信息   唯一标识   有效的管理  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符(digital object identifier,DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号(ISBN、ISSN、ISCN)及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码,是一个永久和唯一的标识号。

关键词： 数字对象   数字信息   条形码   网址   标识符   互联网信息   唯一标识  

摘要： 数字对象唯一.标识符(digital object identifier,DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号(ISBN、ISSN、ISCN)及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。

关键词： measurement of quality   patient safety   quality improvement   quality management  

摘要： All countries want to improve the health of their populations and to improve the quality of care and patient safety. Consequently, there is an ongoing need to assess and document population health, the quality of care and patient safety using valid and reliable data. This requires the ability to monitor the same individuals over time as they receive prevention, diagnostics, treatments, care and rehabilitation and experience improvements or deteriorations in their health or healthcare. This is, however, a challenge for most healthcare systems. A prerequisite to such data is the unique personal identifier. This perspective on quality paper describes the experience with the unique personal identifier in Denmark, based on the Danish Civil Registration System (DCRS) as a tool for research in epidemiology, health services research, quality improvement and patient safety. DCRS has been celebrating its 50 years anniversary.

关键词： Rating agency regulation   ESMA identifiers   Quality of ratings   Analyst location  

摘要： This paper investigates the impact of the introduction of ESMA credit rating identifiers on the quality of ratings. These identifiers form part of the disclosure requirements placed upon credit rating agencies (CRAs) since 2012 under a new EU regulatory regime and have not featured in any prior empirical literature. Rating informativeness is gauged from bond market data. Using a rich dataset of sovereign rating actions by the three major CRAs for 70 countries during the period 2006-2016, we find that the ESMA requirement for identifiers yields varying outcomes across downgrades and upgrades. The rating quality associated with downgrades by Moody's improves, whereas upgrades by S&P, Moody's and Fitch are of lower quality. These results are consistent with greater conservatism in rating policies after the regulatory reforms. ESMA's additional focus on analyst location does not reveal any consistent difference in the quality of ratings.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems   Cyber security   Reliable control   Sensor and actuator attacks   Integral sliding-mode control   Adaptive dynamic programming  

摘要： This study focuses on reliable control problems for cyber-physical systems (CPSs), described by linear continuous time-invariant systems, under a class of time-varying state-dependent sensor and actuator attacks. According to the state-dependent property of sensor attacks, the original reliable control problem is converted into a problem to stabilise a completely unknown time-varying system with the actuator attacks. Firstly, a dynamic neural network (NN) identifier with an indicator-function term is developed to model the unknown system dynamics. Due to the indicator term, the input distribution matrix of the identifier is guaranteed to be of full column rank. It provides a technical condition for designing an effective identifier-based integral sliding-mode (I-SM) attack compensator. It is shown that, under the proposed adaptive law, the identification errors and NN weight estimation errors are uniformly ultimately bounded. Furthermore, an identifier-critic based I-SM controller, which consists of an ADP-based controller and an adaptive I-SM attack compensator, is online learned using real-time control input and compromised sensor data, such that the unknown dynamics with the actuator attacks is stable with a nearly optimal performance. Meanwhile, it is shown that, the developed control approach ensures that the states in CPSs under sensor and actuator attacks converge to a compact set around zero. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed one is verified by two illustrative examples. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 标识符   信息技术   数字对象唯一标识   Object   规范化管理   唯一性   互联网   有效工具  

摘要： DOI,即数字对象唯一标识,为英文Digital Object Identification的缩写。根据国际标准ISO 26324里的解释,它的意思是“一个对象的数字标识符”。这个标识符具有唯一性、永久性的特点。DOI是规范化管理、组织、共享、利用数字资源的有效工具。随着信息技术和互联网的发展,DOI目前已在国际出版界得到广泛推广应用。

关键词： 条形码   物理地址   数字对象   数字信息   网址   互联网信息   识别码   DOI  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符(digital object identifier,DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号(ISBN、ISSN、ISCN)及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码,是一个永久和唯一的标识号。随着时间推移,数字对象的某些有关信息可能会有变化(包括存储的物理位置),而DOI可让使用者直接由此链接到出版商的数据库、文献、摘要甚至是全文,识别码可以直接指引到出版物的本身,使国内外各种来源、不同物理地址的各种类型的学术信息实现互链互通。

关键词： 多卷书   副题名   著录规范   其他题名信息   中华医学杂志   参考文献   高校出版   标识符  

摘要： 其他题名信息包括副题名,说明题名文字,多卷书的分卷书名、卷次、册次,专利号,报告号,标准号等。“其他题名信息”前的标识符为“:”。例1:《中华医学杂志》(英文版)应改为“中华医学杂志:英文版”;例2:“亮点与困惑--对《关于进一步加强和改进高校出版工作的意见》的解读“应著录为”亮点与困惑:对《关于进一步加强和改进高校出版工作的意见》的解读”。

关键词： 卫生信息   对象标识符   注册管理系统  

摘要： 以我国卫生信息业务需求为导向,在调研国内外对象标识符注册管理系统实践经验基础上,进行了卫生信息对象标识符注册管理系统需求分析,将用户划分为普通用户、管理人员及系统管理员,并提出了技术架构要求及统一认证和接口要求。在此基础上,进行了注册管理系统设计,提出了注册申请、审核发布、对外服务、系统管理4方面的功能,并设计了注册信息审核流程。旨在推进我国卫生信息开放系统互联对象标识符落地实施。

关键词： 2009年   中华医学会   数   标注   杂志   出版物   国际标准   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符(digital object identifier, DOI)是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号(ISBNJSSNJSCN)及其条形码作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。