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关键词： 故障诊断仪   汽车   诊断服务   通信过程   SID   标识符   错误代码   电路安全  

摘要： 由诊断仪发出诊断请求，这个请求包含一个服务的ID，这个诊断服务标识符缩写为SID，一旦ECU接收到之后．就对这个请求进行处理．处理之后回复“SID＋40”作为一个肯定响应。如果没有处理，就回复一个“7F”，7F是否定响应的标识符，7F加请求服务标识符SID和错误代码NRC构成一个完整的否定响应回复。这个过程如图1所示。从汽车电路安全的角度，通信过程如果涉及编程、标定等改变车载控制器状态的通信，

关键词： 数字信息   中华医学会   标注   杂志   object   出版物   国际标准   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。

关键词： 医疗器械   标识符   中国物品编码中心   美国FDA   分配规则   商品编码   商品条码   国家标准  

摘要： 怎样分配产品的UDI码？企业可按照美国FDA认可的发码机构的标准自行为产品分配UDI。在中国，中国物品编码中心（GS1China）（以下简称编码中心）是美国FDA认可的UDI发码机构。企业经编码中心审批获得中国商品条码系统成员资格后，依据国家标准GB12904《商品条码零售商品编码与条码表示》、GB/T16986《商品条码应用标识符》和《GS1医疗贸易项目代码分配规则》为产品分配UDI。

关键词： 好莱坞电影   驱魔人   英国电影   黑色电影   男主角   戛纳国际电影节   三船敏郎   人物形象   战争片   莱奥  

摘要： 英国导演约翰·布尔曼是影坛的常青树。自1965年处女作《有本事来抓我们》到2014年《女王与祖国》亮相戛纳,布尔曼的故事片创作生涯已经历超过五十个年头。他从经济繁荣昌盛、文化蓬勃发展的“摇摆的60年代”起步,并在这一时期成功登上了好莱坞的舞台。

关键词： 数字信息   管理学   发表论文   杂志   健康   中华   管理系统   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象标识符（digitalobjectidentifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具，是一个可供全球期刊快速链接的管理系统，整个系统由国际DOI基金会（IDF）进行全球分布式管理。

关键词： 标识符   DOI   文献   Object   国际标准   规范化管理   数字对象   有效工具  

摘要： DOI,即数字对象唯一标识,为英文Digital Object Identification的缩写。根据国际标准ISO26324里的解释,它的意思是＂一个对象的数字标识符＂。这个标识符具有唯一性、永久性的特点。DOI是规范化管理、组织、共享、利用数字资源的有效工具。随着信息技术和互联网的发展,DOI目前已在国际出版界得到广泛推广应用。

关键词： EMERGENCY CONDITIONS   Cs-137   suitability   Probes   Radionuclides   detection limit   COBALT 60   Persons   Energy resolution  

摘要： The suitability of portable nuclide inspectors for incorporation measurements were tested with three probes (LaBr3(Ce), NaI (Tl) and HPGe) differing in sensitive volume and energy resolution. The efficiencies for the measurement of whole-body and lung radionuclide burden were calibrated using a whole-body block phantom with traceable radionuclide sources of Co-60, Ba-133, Cs-137, Eu-152 and K-40. A standing geometry was chosen as it allows rapid positioning of persons for the measurements. Decision and detection limits were determined for the unshielded detector in a normal laboratory radiation environment according to ISO 11929 for Cs-134, Cs-137 and Co-60. The detection limits of all three probes were significantly higher compared to well-shielded dedicated whole-body monitors (HPGe and NaI(Tl)) using a sitting geometry. Nevertheless, lung and wholebody burdens derived from dose constraints for routine and emergency conditions could be measured with all three probes with a counting time of one minute.

关键词： Abstract State Machines   Landing Gear System   Refinement   Validation and verification   Model based testing   Runtime verification  

摘要： The paper presents an approach for rigorous development of safety-critical systems based on the Abstract State Machine formal method. The development process starts from a high level formal view of the system and, through refinement, derives more detailed models till the desired level of specification. Along the process, different validation and verification activities are available, as simulation, model review, and model checking. Moreover, each refinement step can be proved correct using an SMT-based approach. As last step of the refinement process, a Java implementation can be developed and linked to the formal specification. The correctness of the implementation w.r.t. its formal specification can be proved by means of model-based testing and runtime verification. The process is exemplified by using a Landing Gear System as case study.

关键词： Health record linkage   Data linkage   Consent   Randomized   Unique identifier   Incentive  

摘要： Objective: It is unclear if unique personal identifiers should be requested from participants for health record linkage: this permits high quality data linkage but at the potential cost of lower consent rates due to privacy concerns. Study Design and Setting: Drawing from a sampling frame based on the FAMILY Cohort, using a 2 x 2 factorial design, we randomly assigned 1,200 participants to (1) request for Hong Kong Identity Card number (HKID) or no request and (2) receiving a souvenir incentive (valued at USD4) or no incentive. The primary outcome was consent to health record linkage. We also investigated associations between demographics, health status, and postal reminders with consent. Results: Overall, we received signed consent forms from 33.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.6-36.0%) of respondents. We did not find an overall effect of requesting HKID (-4.3%, 95% CI -9.8% to 1.2%) or offering souvenir incentives (2.4%, 95% CI -3.1% to 7.9%) on consent to linkage. In subgroup analyses, requesting HKID significantly reduced consent among adults aged 18-44 years (odds ratio [OR] 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.94, compared to no request). Souvenir incentives increased consent among women (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.13-2.11, compared to no souvenirs). Conclusions: Requesting a unique personal identifier or providing a souvenir incentive did not affect overall consent to health record linkage. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms   GENETIC research   DIMENSION reduction (Statistics)   GENOTYPE   ADDITIVE functions  

摘要： Motivation: Testing SNP-SNP interactions is considered as a key for overcoming bottlenecks of genetic association studies. However, related statistical methods for testing SNP-SNP interactions are underdeveloped. Results: We propose the SNP Interaction Pattern Identifier (SIPI), which tests 45 biologically meaningful interaction patterns for a binary outcome. SIPI takes non-hierarchical models, inheritance modes and mode coding direction into consideration. The simulation results show that SIPI has higher power than MDR (Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction), AA_Full,Geno_Full (full interaction model with additive or genotypic mode) and SNPassoc in detecting interactions. Applying SIPI to the prostate cancer PRACTICAL consortium data with approximately 21 000 patients, the four SNP pairs in EGFR-EGFR, EGFR-MMP16 and EGFR-CSF1 were found to be associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness with the exact or similar pattern in the discovery and validation sets. A similar match for external validation of SNP-SNP interaction studies is suggested. We demonstrated that SIPI not only searches for more meaningful interaction patterns but can also overcome the unstable nature of interaction patterns.