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关键词： Internet architecture   ID locator separation   ID to locator mapping  

摘要： The current Internet has several known challenges, such as routing scalability, mobility, multihoming, traffic engineering, etc. due to the overloaded semantics of IP address, i.e. it is used as a node identifier (ID) and a node locator (LOC). Thus, the research community has redesigned the Internet architecture based on ID/LOC separation to overcome the limitations of the current Internet. In all Internet architectures based on ID/LOC separation, ID to LOC mapping system is necessarily required to bind ID and its LOC, since ID is no longer dependent to its LOC logically or physically. Thus, how to design the mapping system is a key challenge in ID/LOC separation architecture. In this paper, we analyse qualitatively the mapping systems proposed in ID/LOC separation architectures to provide insights into designing a new mapping system. The main contribution in this paper is that we categorise ID to LOC mapping systems according to the mapping server structure and provide the pros and cons of the mapping systems belonging to each category. Based on our qualitative analysis, we also examine intuitively if the mapping systems in each category satisfy their requirements.

关键词： NON-insulin-dependent diabetes   LACTIC acidosis   INPATIENT care   DISEASE incidence   METFORMIN   ACUTE kidney failure   RISK factors  

摘要： Introduction. To evaluate the strength of association between lactic acidosis (LA) and well-recognized risk factors for LA, particularly the weight of metformin. Methods. This study is a matched case-control analysis concerning the type 2 diabetes population from Grenoble Hospital University. Cases of LA were defined biologically with pH <7.35 and lactates >5mmol/L. They were matched to 2 controls defined as type 2 diabetic inpatients who did not present a LA during the study period. We performed a conditional logistic regression. Results. We included 302 cases and 604 controls;mean age was 69.5 years (SD 11.93). Intercurrent diseases were significantly associated with LA. Chronic medical conditions had a minor impact on LA incidence, except hepatocellular dysfunction. Metformin was significantly associated with a higher LA probability in case of acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 1.79;p value = 0.020) but not in patients without AKI. Discussion and Conclusions. According to this study, metformin, compared to acute medical conditions, seemed not to be associated with LA in patients with type 2 diabetes;however in case of AKI, metformin may be associated with LA.

关键词： BioLogic   Biological circuits   GPR142   Systems biology   Type 2 diabetes  

摘要： Systems biology addresses challenges in the analysis of genomics data, especially for complex genes and protein interactions using Meta data approach on various signaling pathways. In this paper, we report systems biology and biological circuits approach to construct pathway and identify early gene and protein interactions for predicting GPR142 responses in Type 2 diabetes. The information regarding genes, proteins and other molecules involved in Type 2 diabetes were retrieved from literature and kinetic simulation of GPR142 was carried out in order to determine the dynamic interactions. The major objective of this work was to design a GPR142 biochemical pathway using both systems biology as well as biological circuits synthetically. The term ‘synthetically’ refers to building biological circuits for cell signaling pathway especially for hormonal pathway disease. The focus of the paper is on logical components and logical circuits whereby using these applications users can create complex virtual circuits. Logic gates process represents only true or false and investigates whether biological regulatory circuits are active or inactive. The basic gates used are AND, NAND, OR, XOR and NOT gates and Integrated circuit composition of many such basic gates and some derived gates. Biological circuits may have a futuristic application in biomedical sciences which may involve placing a micro chip in human cells to modulate the down or up regulation of hormonal disease. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

标准号: GB/T 17969.1-2015

摘要： GB/T 17969的本部分规定了登记的概念，同时规定了登记分层名称树、特定类型对象的登记规程内容、国际对象标识符树的顶级弧、目录名称的导出和基于对象标识符的目录名。本部分适用于对象标识符的登记、开发和维护。

关键词： 科研人员   唯一标识符   人名规范控制  

摘要： 科研人员重名、别名情况屡见不鲜,为用户查找科研成果带来不便。当前,已有学者对此问题做出研究,主要包括4个方面:科研人员唯一标识符的重要意义、科研人员唯一标识符面临的问题与对策、科研人员唯一标识符的支撑技术及科研人员唯一标识符的实践应用。但是仍然存在不足,后续研究应重点探讨如何解决科研人员唯一标识符的互操作问题、科研人员唯一标识符的元数据问题以及如何实现科研人员唯一标识符与图书馆服务的紧密结合。

关键词： 电子文献   标识符   标注   著录格式   出版   页码  

摘要： 电子文献的出版项由6个要素组成，其著录格式为：“．出版地：出版者，出版年：引文页码（更新或修改日期）[引用日期]．”。由格式可见，“出版项”前的标识符号为“．”，“[引用日期]”前无标识符号，因此，“[引用日期]”与出版项的其他要素相连时，其间不使用任何标识符号，

关键词： 数字信息   中华医学会   标注   杂志   object   出版物   国际标准   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网倩。岛在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN,ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。

关键词： 数字信息   标注   object   出版物   国际标准   条形码   互联网  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符（digital object identifier,DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码，是一个永久和唯一的标识号。

关键词： 数字信息   2009年   中华医学会   标注   杂志   object   出版物   国际标准  

摘要： 数字对象惟一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的惟一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码，是一个永久和惟一的标识号。

关键词： 数字对象   人兽共患病   identifier   数字信息   身份标识   注册机构   持续追踪   网络链接   消息类   数字化传播  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符（digital object identifier,DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。它为数字信息提供了全球唯一的身份标识,就如同出版物贴上了条形码一样,无论走到哪里都有踪迹可寻。因而DOI被形象地称为数字资源的条形码或身份证。