课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： Carbon nanotube   copper   nanocomposite   system identification   fuzzy inference system  

摘要： The paper deals with devising two different fuzzy inference systems to predict the hardness of copper/carbon nanotube nanocomposite. These composites are outstanding candidates for thermal management applications in electronic packaging due to the high conductivity of copper. Knowing the extraordinary properties of carbon nanotubes, it seems that copper-based composites reinforced with small amount of carbon nanotubes, resulted in improved mechanical properties. Hence, carbon nanotube reinforced copper matrix nanocomposites are fabricated by hot-press sintering of high energy ball milled copper/carbon nanotube powders. Different milling factors are investigated. Finally the Vickers hardness of sintered nanocomposites is reported. To simulate a predictive framework for current case study, two different machine learning algorithms are engaged. The first learning algorithm is the classic least square optimization method, which provides the requirements for fast adaption of the consequent parts of fuzzy inference system. The second method learning algorithm uses the rudiments of neural computing through layering the fuzzy inference system and using back-propagation optimization algorithm. Based on the experiments, the authors realize that the adopted fuzzy systems can effectively extract the knowledge required for predicting the hardness of copper/carbon nanotube nanocomposite.

关键词： Computerized patient medical records   data linkage   data quality   medical errors  

摘要： ObjectiveTo identify data linkage errors in the form of possible false matches, where two patients appear to share the same unique identification number. Data SourceHospital Episode Statistics (HES) in England, United Kingdom. Study DesignData on births and re-admissions for infants (April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012;age 0-1year) and adolescents (April 1, 2004 to March 31, 2011;age 10-19years). Data Collection/Extraction MethodsHospital records pseudo-anonymized using an algorithm designed to link multiple records belonging to the same person. Six implausible clinical scenarios were considered possible false matches: multiple births sharing HESID, re-admission after death, two birth episodes sharing HESID, simultaneous admission at different hospitals, infant episodes coded as deliveries, and adolescent episodes coded as births. Principal FindingsAmong 507,778 infants, possible false matches were relatively rare (n=433, 0.1 percent). The most common scenario (simultaneous admission at two hospitals, n=324) was more likely for infants with missing data, those born preterm, and for Asian infants. Among adolescents, this scenario (n=320) was more common for males, younger patients, the Mixed ethnic group, and those re-admitted more frequently. ConclusionsResearchers can identify clinically implausible scenarios and patients affected, at the data cleaning stage, to mitigate the impact of possible linkage errors.

关键词： TCP/IP stack   Internet architecture   Namespace   Addressing models   Mobility   Multihoming   Renumbering   Internet transparency   identifier-locator split  

摘要： The TCP/IP architecture of the Internet was originally designed around the contemporary restrictions of large computers that were difficult to move around. However, electronics followed Moore's law, resulting in cheaper and smaller electronics for consumers, and portable devices, such as laptops and cellular phones, became pervasive. Consequently, the original restriction on static hosts was no longer true even though is still present in the design of the TCP/IP networking stack. The TCP/IP stack remains still constrained by its original design, which was effectively a design compromise to make the addressing model simpler. As TCP connections are created based on the same addresses used by the underlying network layer, the connections break when the address changes or is removed. Thus, the TCP/IP architecture is challenged in the temporal dimension of addressing as it was designed to assume stable addresses. This is not only problematic from the viewpoint of initial connectivity but also critical in sustaining of active data flows. In this paper, we first outline the challenges related to the inflexible nature of the TCP/IP architecture resulting from the fact that the same namespace is shared between the transport and network layers. We then discuss existing solutions for these challenges that arise from the transient nature of addresses in the TCP/IP architecture. Finally, we perform a qualitative analysis of the solutions discussed in the paper. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： 产品质量   标签法   家用   日本   标签标准   标识符   纺织品   消费者  

摘要： 依据家用产品质量标签法，日本消费者事务厅（CAA）通过采用新洗护标签标准JISL0001：2014《纺织品洗护标签标识符号》，替代现行的洗护标签标准JISL0217：1995。

关键词： 数字信息   2009年   中华医学会   标注   杂志   object   出版物   国际标准  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息所标注的DOI如同出版物的条形码，是一个永久和唯一的标识号。随着时间推移，

关键词： 数字信息   中华医学会   标注   杂志   object   出版物   国际标准   条形码  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符（digital object identifier，DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中，书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码，作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理，便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码，是一个永久和唯一的标识号。

关键词： 数字对象   identifier   数字信息   学术研究   学术论文   被引频次   研究成果   知识链接   显示度   科技文献  

摘要： 数字对象唯一标识符（digital object identifier,DOI）是对包括互联网信息在内的数字信息进行标识的一种工具。在传统的出版物中,书刊、磁带、光盘都有国际标准编号（ISBN、ISSN、ISCN）及其条形码,作为出版物的唯一标识。这些标识使出版物得到有效的管理,便于读者查找和利用。而网上的文档一旦变更了网址便无从追索。数字信息标注DOI如同出版物的条形码,是一个永久和唯一的标识号。

关键词： 国际标准   关联   标识符  

摘要： 由全国新闻出版标准化技术委员会向ISO提交提案,并派专家参与编制的"ISO 17316:2015国际标准关联标识符(ISLI)"国际标准近期由国际标准化组织(ISO)正式发布。ISLI是基于我国MPR出版技术,为国际内容产业应用编制的一项通用标识符标准,它是现代信息技术条件下信息内容产业发展的一项重要的基础性标准,对我国出版产业转型升级将起到重要的推动作用。

关键词： Discrete wavelet transform   Directional relaying   Reach setting   ANN   Fault section identification   Fault location  

摘要： Fault section identification and determining its location are important aspects to reduce down/repair time, speed up restoration of power supply and to improve the reliability. In this paper combined wavelet and artificial neural network based directional protection scheme is proposed for double circuit transmission lines using single end data to identify the faulty section and its location with reach setting up to 99% of line length. The proposed method requires the three phase currents and voltage to be measured at one end of the double circuit transmission line modelled using distributed parameter line model which also considers the effect of shunt capacitance. Approximate coefficients feature vector of the three phase voltage and current are extracted using discrete wavelet transform to train the ANN with Levenberg Marquardt algorithm. The proposed scheme involves two stages. The first stage identifies the zone/section of the fault and the second stage calculates the fault location from the relaying point. The proposed combined Wavelet and ANN based fault location scheme is also compared with ANFIS based fault location scheme. The test results of the proposed scheme show that the fault section identification and location estimation is very accurate and the average percentage error in fault location estimation is within 0.001%. This method is adaptive to the variation of fault type (both forward and reverse), fault inception angle, fault location and fault resistance. The main advantage of the proposed scheme is that it offers primary protection to 99% of line length using single end data only and also backup protection to the adjacent forward and reverse line sections. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nonparametric   Outlier detection   Boxplot   Masking robustness   Swamping robustness   Breakdown point  

摘要： In the wide-ranging scope of modern statistical data analysis, a key task is identification of outliers. For any outlier identification procedure, one needs to know its robustness against masking (an "outlier" is undetected as such) and swamping (a "nonoutlier" is classified as an "outlier"). Masking and swamping robustness are interrelated aspects which must be studied together. For such purposes, Serfling and Wang (2014) provide a general framework applicable in any data space. Implementation, however, with particular outlier identifiers in particular types of data space, requires additional theoretical development specialized to the chosen setting. Even the case of univariate data presents nontrivial challenges. Here we apply the framework to study the masking and swamping robustness properties of two leading types of nonparametric outlier identifiers, scaled deviation outlyingness and centered rank outlyingness. The results shed new light on the choice between (Median, MAD) and (trimmed mean, trimmed standard deviation) in using scaled deviation outlyingness. Also, our findings explain how the boxplot, a leading descriptive tool, performs using a hybrid outlyingness function incorporating a quantile-based component to describe the middle half of a data set and a scaled deviation outlyingness component for outlier detection. For both goals, the boxplot greatly favors swamping robustness over masking robustness. We also formulate a variant boxplot offering a more favorable trade-off between these two criteria. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.