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摘要： Modern computer systems have become fairly complex in nature; they require long development cycles and often require thousands of engineers to build and verify. In such a setting, design from scratch (ab initio design) has been replaced by a modular design process, where prebuilt components possibly sourced from third parties are used as much as possible. The role of devel- opers is limited to system integration and coding parts of the system that are particularly novel. Given the extensive verification effort that is involved these days along with concerns about re- liability and security, vendors are hesitant to make revolutionary changes in hardware/software offerings. The trend is to make evolutionary changes – small improvements with disproportion- ate benefits. The classical method to do such research is to thoroughly analyze a system, find and analyze bottlenecks, and then try to propose a better solution. However, the benefits of such approaches are quickly diminishing and given the scale of today's systems starting from smart watches to servers, bottom up approaches are proving to be very challenging. Hence, we propose to look at comparative approaches where we compare the execution of two systems keeping a large part of the execution environment the same. The comparative analysis can help us pinpoint which design choices exactly lead to better performance in a set of workloads. We choose two concrete problems in this space and show that such comparative approaches yield solutions that significantly outperform the state of the art. The problems are ISA design and OS design. We start with a quintessential problem: design an ISA for a workload with realistic constraints in mind such as minimal changes to an existing ISA. We propose a simple graphical approach that helps us nicely visualize the execution of a program. It helps us identify the issues with an ISA and also what custom instructions can be added to disproportionately increase the performance of the

摘要： The evolution of factory technologies has enabled a significant level of manufacturing flexibility through the use of programmable automation such as CNC and PLCs, hardware innovations such as quick-change tooling, and operator assist technologies. However, the manufacturing information system remains the most inflexible aspect of a factory. These systems are typically customized for manufacturers by system integrators and are often composed of large monolithic systems built around an ERP/MRP framework or a collection of decision-support software tools that are poorly integrated, with a patchwork of communication channels connecting *** the other hand, cloud-based information service platforms, such as those used in social networks and service brokers, have experienced multiple cycles of rapid evolution, resulting in a tremendous increase in their ability to handle increasingly large data scales and rates while maintaining their elasticity and flexibility. This swift advancement of cloud-based information services has sparked a new era in the manufacturing industry, as evident in the emergence of manufacturing cyber-physical system technologies, including the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Cloud Manufacturing (CM). These technologies are part of the broader context of the unfolding fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0 or Digital Manufacturing. This revolution emphasizes the importance of connectivity, information, and machine-based intelligence to create a new paradigm for manufacturing that is highly flexible, scalable, responsive, and *** work proposed in this dissertation facilitates the digital transformation of manufacturing organizations by designing, implementing, and testing an infrastructure platform that can handle shopfloor information. This platform, called Operating System for Cyber-Physical Manufacturing (OSCM), combines cloud and edge elements to achieve three objectives: (1) enable connectivity and intera

关键词： 国产化操作系统   Linux操作系统   网络服务器配置   课程改革  

摘要： 《国产化操作系统的配置与使用》课程作为计算机相关专业的专业基础课,对于学生建立计算机操作系统的整体架构具有非常重要的意义。由于《国产化操作系统的配置与使用》课程的主要知识点都是基于Linux内核的操作系统配置和使用,因此相关的概念多并且知识点较为抽象。传统的《国产化操作系统的配置与使用》课程授课方式主要以讲授为主,缺乏课堂互动。这就造成了课程内容难以引起学生的兴趣,从而降低了教学的质量。基于此,在研究了国内外同行教改经验的基础上,本文提出一种新颖的授课方式。新的授课方式,在讲授《国产化操作系统的配置与使用》课程知识点的同时,引入网络服务器配置等相关知识点的讲授。最后根据原课程知识点和引入的资料设计实验。通过这种方式帮助提高学生对讲授知识点的理解程度,从而提高学生的学习效率。

关键词： Linux操作系统  

ISBN: (纸本)9787302630814

摘要： 本书从初学者的角度全面而详细地介绍了Linux操作系统的基本概念和常用命令，主要内容包括Linux系统概述、常用命令、文件系统、文本编辑、Shell程序设计、系统管理基本设置与备份、服务器管理、Linux内核简介、常用开发工具、内核编译与管理及综合应用案例。

关键词： 自动气象站   电信测量   操作系统   嵌入式系统   检测仪   智能化   传感器   信号检测  

摘要： 当前气象自动站故障种类复杂多样,检测设备已无法满足业务的功能需要。针对该问题,文中采用广泛使用的μCOS-Ⅱ嵌入式操作系统进行移植和应用,设计一种自动站检测仪系统。通过建立开始任务、主任务以及各采样任务,并设计各任务的创建、挂起、调度等运行流程,构建系统程序框架;采用USB接口实现程序的升级和安装;在主板传感器接口与检测仪相连后,点击检测仪按钮进行数据采样和读取。另外,对检测仪的精度进行测试。测试结果表明:所设计的检测仪精度符合气象业务的需求;同时,检测仪系统可以实现单传感器检测以及轮巡检测,从而进行故障的快速定位,提升维护效率。集成操作系统后的检测设备在稳定性、延展性以及智能化等方面均有较大提升。

关键词： 操作系统   智能网联汽车   信息共享   智能车   智能产品   车辆安全   车辆系统   车联网  

摘要： 在功能产品向智能产品转换过程当中,如果没有操作系统,芯片再强,汽车做得再好,都是“在沙滩上起高楼”,如果“缺芯少魂”这个问题不解决,我们走不快,也走不远。你会买智能网联汽车吗?如果会,你对它有哪些期待?所谓智能网联汽车,指的是车联网与智能车的有机联合,最终可替代人来操作的新一代汽车。它是以车辆为主体和主要节点,融合现代通信和网络技术,使车辆与外部节点实现信息共享和协同控制,以达到车辆安全、有序、高效、节能行驶的新一代多车辆系统。

关键词： 操作系统   微内核   电子科技大学   发起单位   中汽协   开源   地平线   车用  

摘要： 2023年2月18日,中国汽车工业协会软件分会(以下简称:软件分会)发布中国车用操作系统开源计划(简称:开源计划)。普华基础软件积极响应,并作为开源计划核心发起单位之一,联合软件分会成员单位,一汽、东风、长安、中汽创智、中电科32所、西部智联、地平线、芯驰、先进操作系统创新中心、电子科技大学等企业和高校,结成开源共建伙伴,实施开源计划。

关键词： 网络完全   事业单位   信息化   安全管理   操作系统  

摘要： 在科技进步的发展与推动下,信息化网络的发展和普及为政府事业单位的日常办公带来极大便利,也是实现电子政务发展的重要前提。然而,信息化网络的推广和应用,在明显提升政府事业单位工作效率的同时,也暴露了一定的网络安全问题,对政府事业单位的网络系统正常运行、工作效率以及信息的机密性均带来一定挑战。所以,充分认识到信息化网络安全管理的不足,并采取积极有效地管理措施,强化安全防护技术等十分重要。

关键词： 嵌入式操作系统   知识图谱   测试用例复用   文本相似度  

摘要： 测试是确保嵌入式操作系统品质及安全性的重要途径,而测试用例是软件测试中的重要角色。针对目前嵌入式操作系统历史用例知识不能充分利用以及传统案例中测试用例复用功能弱的缺陷,提出了一种基于知识图谱的嵌入式操作系统测试用例推荐模型。该方法利用知识图谱在具有复杂关系的数据中存储和检索信息的优势,根据历史测试用例抽取实体和关系,设计本体模型,并创建领域知识图谱;选择无监督对比学习的自然语言处理技术进行实体间的中文文本相似度匹配任务,结合知识推荐建立关于嵌入式操作系统测试用例的复用推荐模型。实验结果表明,本文设计的本体模型能够帮助测试人员有效地复用测试用例,并达到94.305%的覆盖率,极大地节约了测试成本,具有较强的工程应用价值。