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关键词： 金钗石斛   植物组织培养   植物生物反应器   浸没频率  

摘要： 以金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobide Lindl.)原球茎为材料,利用间歇浸没式植物生物反应器进行金钗石斛组培快繁的研究。通过优化浸没频率、接种量和培养基蔗糖浓度,获得最佳的培养条件为:浸没频率5 min/8 h、接种量10 g·L^-1、蔗糖浓度20 g·L^-1,并与传统的固体培养比较,反应器培养在组培苗的生长形态、增殖倍数和有效成分上都明显优于固体培养。利用间歇浸没式植物生物反应器进行金钗石斛种苗培养,为金钗石斛种苗的高效率、低成本的生产提供了一种新的方法。

关键词： 重组人生长激素   Fc融合蛋白   CHO细胞   生物反应器  

摘要： 目的优化表达长效重组人生长激素-Fc(recombiant human growth hormone-Fc,rhGH-Fc)融合蛋白的CHO细胞培养工艺,并进行初步工艺放大。方法采用7 L生物反应器培养表达rhGH-Fc融合蛋白的CHO细胞,操作参数:转速200 r/min,温度37℃,pH 7.2±0.1,溶氧值(DO)40%。通过改变对数增长期的pH(7.2±0.1降至6.9±0.1)及平台期降温幅度(37℃降至30及33℃),检测培养过程中细胞密度、细胞活率、培养液渗透压、葡萄糖及乳酸水平、以蛋白表达量为指标,优化7 L生物反应器培养工艺。应用优化的最佳工艺进行14 L线性放大,通气量分别设置为0.5、0.1及0.03 SLPM,检测蛋白表达量。结果7 L生物反应器培养工艺最佳pH为6.9±0.1,最佳温度为33℃,该工艺下蛋白表达量高达1200 mg/L;14 L生物反应器培养工艺最佳通气量为0.03 SLPM,该工艺下蛋白表达量为880 mg/L。结论成功优化了表达rhGH-Fc融合蛋白的CHO细胞7 L生物反应器的培养工艺,并实现了14 L生物反应器的放大,本实验为后续rhGH-Fc融合蛋白的大规模生产奠定了基础。

关键词： 改性丝竹   固相反硝化   NO2--N积累   缓释碳源   生物脱氮  

摘要： 以改性丝竹作为生物载体和缓释碳源构建了好氧挡板式生物膜反应器(ABBR),研究了其对城市污水处理厂尾水中氮素化合物的去除效果和特性。结果表明:当HRT为8 h时,TN和NO3--N去除率分别可达66.58%~75.23%和50.96%~66.43%。以丝竹为单一碳源,NO3--N去除速率达2.13 mg/(L·h)。相比于弹性立体填料,以改性丝竹作为生物载体可以获得较高的NO3--N去除率和较低的NO2--N积累率。

关键词： SMPs   Mariculture wastewater   Bio-carrier   Anoxic-aerobic   Membrane bioreactor (MBR)  

摘要： To gain greater insights into impacts of bio-carriers on the fate and characteristics of soluble microbial products (SMPs) for mariculture wastewater treatment, the hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) and conventional membrane bioreactor (CMBR) were investigated. Both protein and polysaccharide exhibited lower level in HMBR (8.95 +/- 0.28 mg/L and 20.49 +/- 1.3 mg/L for anoxic stage, 5.16 +/- 0.22 mg/L and 17.85 +/- 0.92 mg/L for aerobic stage) than CMBR (14.6 +/- 0.68 mg/L and 28.3 +/- 2.99 mg/L for anoxic stage, 10.53 +/- 0.68 and 26.04 +/- 3.15 mg/L for aerobic stage). Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) revealed bio-carriers reduced the production of aromatic protein-like components in anoxic and aerobic supernatant and caused a blue-shift of soluble microbial product in aerobic stage. Molecular weight (Mw) distribution indicated that bio-carriers ameliorated the excretion of biopolymer (Mw > 500 kDa) in anoxic supernatant and intermediate Mw fractions (20-500 kDa) in aerobic supernatant Moreover, little changes were observed in SMPs with Mw < 3 kDa down the whole treatment process of both systems. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated that the major SMPs were long-chain attunes and aromatics in all units of both systems and fewer aromatics were detected in HMBR. For anoxic stage, more peaks were identified in the HMBR (138) than CMBR (115), while for aerobic stage, more compounds were observed in the CMBR (94) than HMBR (70). Over 50% of the compounds in the anoxic supernatant for the HMBR were the same as in the CMBR. And 27 compounds were the same in aerobic supernatant for the HMBR and CMBR. Fewer compounds in the HMBR effluent (52) was observed, compared to CMBR effluent (80). Approximately 25.7% of compounds in the aerobic stage of the HMBR were rejected by membrane, while this value decreased to 14.9% in the CMBR. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 农村   微生物群落   垃圾处理   高通量测序   时空联合型厌氧-准好氧生物反应器  

摘要： 生物反应器是处理农村中小型固体废物的有效技术,该研究以时空联合型厌氧-准好氧生物反应器(SASAB,Sequentially Anaerobic/Semi-Aerobic Bioreactor)为研究对象,利用16S rRNA高通量测序分析了STASAB中的微生物群落,以期为该反应器的高效运行提供理论依据。结果表明,各生物反应器处理单元中将C1、C2和C3生物反应器设为试验组,分别在第66、101和246天开始依次按SASAB操作运行的优势菌门为Proteobacteria(18.5%~26.6%)、Firmicutes(14.9%~26.6%)、Chloroflexi(6.6%~25.2%)、Bacteroidetes(8.2%~24.0%)、Actinobacteria(6.9%~13.8%)。C3处理单元在厌氧阶段中的优势菌属为Lentimicrobiume、vadinBC27_wastewater-sludge_group、Treponema_2、norank_f_Synergistaceae(产甲烷菌)等。在STASAB各处理单元中发现了硝化细菌Deinococcus-Thermus以及大量的反硝化细菌norank_f_Anaerolineaceae、unclassified_o_Rhizobiales、Hyphomicrobiu、AKYG587、Bacillus、norank_f_Caldilineaceae等。Venn图与PCA分析显示C1、C2具有相似的微生物群落结构,C3中的特有菌属高于其他反应器;RDA(Redundancy Analysis)分析表明C1、C2(STASAB)中的微生物群落具有更高的稳定性,不易受到外界环境因素的影响。因此,STASAB的空间布局和运行方式能够有效发挥厌氧和准好氧生物反应器的优势,高效促进产甲烷菌、硝化菌和反硝化菌的共存和生长代谢,实现农村生活垃圾的快速降解。

关键词： 狂犬疫苗   生物反应器   培养工艺  

摘要： 狂犬病是一种由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus,RV)感染引起的对人畜危害极大的传染病,安全有效的人用和兽用狂犬疫苗是预防狂犬病的最重要手段。生物反应器因自动化程度高和生产效率高而成为当前狂犬疫苗生产的最主要工艺,本文对利用生物反应器生产狂犬病毒疫苗工艺的进展进行了总结。

关键词： acacetin   plant bioreactor   Dracocephalum forrestii   transformed shoots   rosmarinic acid  

摘要： Transformed shoots of the Tibetan medicinal plant Dracocephalum forrestii were cultured in temporary immersion bioreactors (RITA and Plantform) and in nutrient sprinkle bioreactor (NSB) for 3 weeks in MS (Murashige and Skoog) liquid medium with 0.5 mg/L BPA (N-benzyl-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-adenine) and 0.2 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). The greatest biomass growth index (GI = 52.06 fresh weight (FW) and 55.67 dry weight (DW)) was observed for shoots in the RITA bioreactor, while the highest multiplication rate was found in the NSB (838 shoots per bioreactor). The levels of three phenolic acids and five flavonoid derivatives in the shoot hydromethanolic extract were evaluated using UHPLC (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography). The predominant metabolite was rosmarinic acid (RA)-the highest RA level (18.35 mg/g DW) and total evaluated phenol content (24.15 mg/g DW) were observed in shoots grown in NSB. The NSB culture, i.e., the most productive one, was evaluated for its antioxidant activity on the basis of reduction of ferric ions (ferric reducing antioxidant power, FRAP) and two scavenging radical (O-2(center dot)- and DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) assays;its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiproliative potential against L929 cells was also tested (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test). The plant material revealed moderate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and demonstrated high safety in the MTT test-no cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 50 mg/mL was found, and less than a 20% decrease in L929 cell viability was observed at this concentration.

关键词： Bioreactor landfill   energy recovery   aerobic pretreatment   landfill gas   respirometric index  

摘要： The performances of an integrated system based on mechanical biological treatment and bioreactor landfill with leachate recirculation for managing the mixed municipal solid waste generated in a given Italian district were investigated. In the mechanical biological treatment the municipal solid waste was mechanically sorted into two main streams: a dry and a mechanically sorted organic fraction consisting of 45,000 tonnes year(-1). After being sorted the mechanically sorted organic fraction was aerobically pretreated before being disposed of in the 450,000 m(3) bioreactor landfill. Experimental runs showed that an aerobic pretreatment period ranging from 15 to 30 days was able to maximize the methane generated by the mechanically sorted organic fraction once landfilled up to 10 Nm(3) tonne(-1). The aerobic pretreatment leads to a significant volatile solids reduction in the first 30 days, after which the volatile solids concentration remained quite constant. Similarly the potential dynamic respirometer index was significantly reduced in the first 15 days of the aerobic pretreatment decreasing from about 5,000 to about 3,500 mgO(2)kgVS(-1)h(-1). The whole amount of electrical energy producible by the landfill ranged from 18.5 kWh tonne(-1) to 21 kWh tonne(-1), depending on the strategies adopted for the activation in bioreactor mode of each landfill cell by the leachate recirculation.

关键词： Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR)   Industrial-scale membrane   Demonstration plant   Methane production   Urban wastewater (UWW)   Mild/warmer climate  

摘要： Feasibility of an AnMBR demonstration plant treating urban wastewater (UWW) at temperatures around 25-30 degrees C was assessed during a 350-day experimental period. The plant was fed with the effluent from the pretreatment of a full-scale municipal WWTP, characterized by high COD and sulfate concentrations. Biodegradability of the UWW reached values up to 87%, although a portion of the biodegradable COD was consumed by sulfate reducing organisms. Effluent COD remained below effluent discharge limits, achieving COD removals above 90%. System operation resulted in a reduction of sludge production of 36-58% compared to theoretical aerobic sludge productions. The membranes were operated at gross transmembrane fluxes above 20 LMH maintaining low membrane fouling propensities for more than 250 days without chemical cleaning requirements. Thus, the system resulted in net positive energy productions and GHG emissions around zero. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of UWW treatment in AnMBR under mild and warm climates.

关键词： Aerobic granular sludge   Intertidal wetland sediment   Membrane bioreactor   Saline wastewater  

摘要： This study proposed a novel approach of cultivating aerobic granular sludge (AGS) using intertidal wetland sediment (IWS) as inoculant in MBR for saline wastewater treatment. Granulation was observed in IWS-MBR during start-up, with increased sludge particle size (3.1-3.3 mm) and improved settling property (23.8 ml/g). The abundant inorganic particulates (acted as nuclei) and distinctive microbial community in IWS contributed to the granules formation. With the help of AGS, IWS-MBR system exhibited excellent TOC reduction of 90.3 +/- 6.1% and significant TN reduction of 31.2 +/- 5.0%, while the control MBR (Co-MBR) only showed 58.9 +/- 7.2% and 10.4 +/- 2.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, membrane fouling was mitigated in IWS-MBR, with a longer filtration cycle of 21.5 d, as compared with that of 8.9 d for Co-MBR. Microbial community analysis revealed that abundant functional bacteria associated with granulation and pollutants removal were enriched from IWS and set the basis for AGS formation and the superior treatment performance.