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关键词： 厌氧消化出水   厌氧氨氧化   短程反硝化   中高溶解氧  

摘要： 采用移动床生物膜反应器,通过一段式短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化耦合短程反硝化工艺处理主流厌氧消化出水。在溶解氧浓度(DO)维持在(1.45±0.15)mg·L^(−1)的条件下,出水TN低至(10.7±2.4)mg·L^(−1)、NH_(4)^(+)-N转化率达到(86.8±4.5)%,平均TN去除率为(78.9±4.9)%(最高达84.0%)、TN去除负荷为0.38 kg·(m^(3)·d)^(−1)。分析氮的去除路径表明,低浓度有机物诱导反硝化菌主要发生短程反硝化,耦合系统脱氮贡献主要来源于厌氧氨氧化。在载体上,生物膜实现了厌氧氨氧化菌的有效富集,其中菌的活性为873.9 mg·(g·d)^(−1);而氨氧化细菌主要存在于絮体污泥中,占总菌比例为(38.7±5.9)%;亚硝酸盐氧化细菌则仅占(7.8±2.8)%,说明其受到一定程度抑制。本研究结果可为anammox在主流厌氧消化出水深度处理中的应用提供参考。

关键词： Bioreactors  

摘要： Recent synergistic advances in organ-on-chip and tissue engineering technologies offer opportunities to create in vitro-grown tissue or organ constructs that can faithfully recapitulate their in vivo counterparts. Such in vitro tissue or organ constructs can be utilized in multiple applications, including rapid drug screening, high-fidelity disease modeling, and precision medicine. Here, we report an imaging-guided bioreactor that allows in situ monitoring of the lumen of ex vivo airway tissues during controlled in vitro tissue manipulation and cultivation of isolated rat trachea. Using this platform, we demonstrated partial removal of the rat tracheal epithelium (i.e., de-epithelialization) without disrupting the underlying subepithelial cells and extracellular matrix. Through different tissue evaluation assays, such as immunofluorescent staining, DNA/protein quantification, and electron beam microscopy, we showed that the epithelium of the tracheal lumen can be effectively removed with negligible disruption in the underlying tissue layers, such as cartilage and blood vessel. Notably, using a custom-built micro-optical imaging device integrated with the bioreactor, the trachea lumen was visualized at the cellular level, and removal of the endogenous epithelium and distribution of locally delivered exogenous cells were demonstrated in situ. Moreover, the de-epithelialized trachea supported on the bioreactor allowed attachment and growth of exogenous cells seeded topically on its denuded tissue surface. Collectively, the results suggest that our imaging-enabled rat trachea bioreactor and localized cell replacement method can facilitate creation of bioengineered in vitro airway tissue that can be used in different biomedical applications.

关键词： Single-use (disposable) bioreactor   Wave-induced agitation   Mixing time   Homogeneity   Sensor method   Design of Experiment (DoE)  

摘要： Rocking single-use bioreactors (SUBs) adopt an effective mixing mechanism based on the rocking movement of a platform on which a disposable bag-like container is placed. Non-typical liquid flow patterns make the hydrodynamical properties of rocking SUBs not yet well systematized. The aim of the study was to determine a quantitative characteristic of mixing time in a ReadyToProcess WAVE 25 system equipped with a 2-litre Cellbag disposable container, with the use of a sensor method and the Design of Experiment (DoE) methodology. The DoE-based approach has been used to screen significant operational parameters and evaluate their impact on the values of mixing time reached in the studied rocking SUB system. To quantify relations between operational parameters and important process quantities in rocking disposable bag-like containers of different sizes, a set of original formulas for generalization of experimental data and predicting mixing time values has been proposed. The set includes exponential correlations and a correlation involving a dimensionless filling level term and a modified Reynolds number expression. Comparisons between estimations and experimental data have shown satisfactory levels of accuracy within +/- 30% of experimental values. The correlation involving dimensionless terms can be applied for disposable bag-like containers offered by different manufacturers and of various sizes.

关键词： 杉木   扦插基质   植物生长调节剂   生根性状  

摘要： 以杉木半同胞优良家系8年生子代优良单株砍伐留桩的萌条制作插穗,研究不同基质和不同浓度ABT1号对杉木扦插生根的影响。结果表明:不同基质对杉木扦插苗生根率、平均根长、平均根数均有显著影响,其中以堆沤熟后的咖啡壳+蛭石+珍珠岩(1∶1∶1)为基质,扦插苗生根率最高(86.21%)、平均生根数最多(3.83条);堆沤熟后的咖啡壳+蛭石+珍珠岩+江沙(1∶1∶1∶1)为基质,扦插苗平均根长最长(3.93 cm);不同浓度ABT1号浸泡3 h对杉木扦插苗生根率、平均根长、平均根数均有显著影响,其中以ABT1号600 mg·L^(-1)溶液浸泡处理后的杉木扦插苗生根率最高(51.26%)、平均根长最长(1.7 cm),ABT1号1000 mg·L^(-1)溶液浸泡处理后的杉木扦插苗平均根数最多(2.5条)。综合结果表明,以堆沤熟后的咖啡壳+蛭石+珍珠岩(1∶1∶1)为基质,ABT1号600 mg·L^(-1)浸泡插穗是杉木扦插生根最理想的组合。

关键词： 菌藻共生   光照   正交实验   矩阵分析法   优化   生物反应器   污染  

摘要： 固定化菌藻共生系统能有效缓解藻类流失现象,但不同光照条件对固定化菌藻共生系统的污染物去除能力的综合影响仍需进一步研究。以黄绿发光填料固定化菌藻共生系统(IABSS-YLF)作为研究对象,选取照度、发光材料配比、光照时间3个因素,每个因素设定3个水平,设计L_(9)(3^(3))正交实验研究IABSS-YLF在不同光照条件下对污水中COD、TN和TP的去除效率。通过矩阵分析法对各因素对于IABSS-YLF的污染物去除效果影响进行独立极差分析,构建权矩阵探究IABSS-YLF稳定发挥高效污染物去除能力的最佳光照条件。结果表明:在照度4000 lx,发光材料配比0.375,光照时间9 h的最佳光照条件下,IABSS-YLF的COD、TN和TP去除率分别为89.8%,78.7%,82.1%。

关键词： Rotating magnetic field-assisted reactor   Ferrofluid   Proliferation   Biomass production   Bioengineering  

摘要： The primary purpose of this study is to develop a novel type of magnetically assisted reactor for the production of bacterial biomass. Following this aim, we applied a ferrofluidic or water coat around the culture tubes that modified the generated rotating magnetic field (RMF) characteristics. Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been described, and their modulating effect on RMF was tested. Upgraded reactors were used to produce biomass of model microorganisms, i.e., E. coli and S. aureus. Approximations based on the Gompertz model indicated a simulative effect (approximately 30% and 5%) on bacteria growth rate with the application of water and ferrofluid coat, respectively, depending on the microorganism. More profound differences were detected in the cell viability (between 5 and 45%) and the levels of reactive oxygen species (between 5 and 190%). The results suggest that the proposed method of biomass production with the application of ferrofluidic coats in the magnetically assisted reactor can affect the growth rate and the levels of reactive oxygen species in cultured bacteria, depending on the microorganisms and the used coating. Our findings show that either ferrofluidic or water coating can be used explicitly in biomass production to best suit the production goals.

关键词： 膜生物反应器(MBR)处理工艺   污水站   改造  

摘要： 通过对北京协和医院污水站改造进行实例分析,对比研究改造前后一级处理工艺和膜生物反应器(MBR)处理工艺的出水水质,从方案选择、工艺流程和设备选型等方面研究MBR处理工艺在综合医院污水处理的应用。结果表明,改造后的MBR处理工艺在化学需氧量、生物需氧量、悬浮物及氨氮的去除率均有显著提高,出水可满足稳定达标排放要求。由此得出,MBR处理工艺具有出水水质好、设备紧凑、占地小等优点,在医院污水站改造条件有限且对出水水质要求严格的情况下,建议采用该工艺。

关键词： 藻菌共生   互作机制   污水处理   脱氮除磷   生物絮凝   生物反应器  

摘要： 在污水处理领域,藻菌共生有同步脱氮、除磷效率高、排放温室气体量低、生物质可资源化回收等优势,近年来受到学者的重视。目前鲜有综述污水处理中藻类与细菌、真菌及混合藻菌间互作机制的文章。本文从藻类-细菌、藻类-真菌、混合藻-混合菌3个方面介绍藻菌共生处理污水的研究进展,重点阐述藻菌间营养物质交换、信号传导及生物絮凝3种不同互作机制,总结污水处理中常见的藻菌共生生物反应器及其应用效果,并从互作机理研究、规模化应用及生物质回收利用的角度展望了今后的研究方向。

关键词： 植物细胞   生物反应器   改进  

摘要： 植物细胞培养设备的研究与开发是植物细胞培养领域的一大热点。本文在介绍植物细胞培养普遍存在的问题的基础上,对各类植物细胞培养生物反应器的结构、原理、优缺点以及衍生的新型培养设备进行了介绍和比较分析。此外,本文对植物细胞培养生物反应器的选择和改进提供了参考,并对植物细胞培养的未来发展提出进一步展望.

关键词： Strawberry seedlings   Micropropagation   Temporary immersion bioreactor   Anthocyanins   Photosynthetic characteristics  

摘要： In this study, we employed a temporary immersion bioreactor(TIB)system for the micropropagation of strawberry seedlings. The TIB method and the conventional method for the micropropagation of strawberry seedlings were compared in terms of explant propagation coefficient, seedling fresh weight,contents of anthocyanins and chlorophyll, and photosynthetic characteristics. The results showed that an inoculation density of 40 explants/L was suitable for the micropropagation of ’Benihope’ strawberry seedlings in the TIB. The propagation coefficient, fresh weight, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration coefficient, and the contents of total anthocyanins and chlorophyll of seedlings micropropagated in the TIB were significantly higher than those of the seedlings micropropagated by the conventional method. In conclusion, the TIB method was superior to the conventional method in the micropropagation of strawberry *** negative reciprocity did not occur between anthocyanins and chlorophyll in strawberry seedlings cultured under forced ventilation such as TIB.