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关键词： 民主生活会制度   历史脉络   制度形成   民主集中制原则   井冈山革命根据地   中国共产党   大革命失败   党内民主  

摘要： 民主生活会制度是随着党内民主的发展而产生的，并在各个历史时期不断丰富和完善，对永葆党的生机和活力发挥了重要作用。民主集中制是革命导师列宁首先提出来的，中国共产党完全接受了这个原则。但当时党处于幼年时期，各方面缺乏经验，民主集中制原则事实上并没有得到很好的贯彻执行。大革命失败后，全国革命形势处于低潮，集中体现中国革命正确方向的是毛泽东、朱德等领导的井冈山革命根据地的斗争。1929年1月，毛泽东、朱德、陈毅率红四军主力向赣西南出击，随后同红五军主力会合，并向闽西发展。

关键词： 人大常委会   民主立法   科学立法   设区市   立法权   法规草案   良法  

摘要： '法律是治国之重器,良法是善治之前提。'2016年,省人大常委会紧紧围绕全省改革发展大局,深入推进科学立法、民主立法,着力发挥人大对立法的主导作用和立法对改革发展的引领推动作用,共制定修改法规16件,批准法规8件,对282件规范性文件进行备案审查,全面落实设区市立法权,为推动全省经济社会发展。

关键词： 地方立法权   地方性法规   立法法   立法质量   立法权限   立法程序   文化保护   主要目标任务   法制委员会   法治体系  

摘要： ＂98%的设区的市被确定可以开始制定地方性法规,270件地方性法规已经出台。＂这是2016年12月全国人大常委会法工委统计的数字。看似简单的数据,却不同寻常。它显示着党的十八届三中、四中全会提出的重大改革举措的落实情况,标志着立法法修改近两年来推进赋予设区的市行使地方立法权工作已经取得实质性进展。

关键词： 地方自治   博弈   行政   城乡   中国传统社会   农村治理   商业城市   政治中心  

摘要： 百年来的农村治理古代最大的城市是首都,首都是政治中心,但近代中国第一次有了工商业城市——上海.它在不到50年内人口规模就超过了首都,变成了国内第一大城市,这就是资本主义的力量,它对中国传统社会,尤其对农村产生了巨大冲击,这是非常残酷的,农民相当无助.

关键词： 民族区域自治地方   财税自治权   税收立法权  

摘要： 财税经济自治权是中央政府赋予少数民族自治地方自治权中极为重要的自治权。但是作为而财税自治权中核心且基本的税收立法权却界定模糊,权限划分不明,已经肯定的税收立法自治权也无异于一般行政区。在区域经济发展势头强劲的今天,如何构建适宜并能够落到实处的税收立法权就显得犹为重要。

摘要： United States expansion following the Mexican-American War served as the catalyst for a reinvention of American Federalism. While much of the historiography traces the accretion of sovereign power in the national government to events caused by the divisions between northern states and southern states, there is an important and understudied East to West component of the process by which sovereign boundaries changed. The American West is a legal space where the hazily defined and capacious concept of federalism received fuller form and clearer definition. During the late nineteenth century and first few years of the twentieth century, the United States modified and ultimately solidified three important relationships: (1) its relationship with Native American Tribes; (2) its relationship with territorial law and governance; and (3) its relationship to the land and natural resources. The Framers of the Constitution, including those of the Fourteenth Amendment, acknowledged Native American tribal sovereignty. The power of tribes to police themselves remained relatively undisturbed until one particular specie of intra-tribal violence attracted the attention of Anglo-American authorities—witch killings. With the sensationalization and publication of witch killings, Native Americans were introduced to the Anglo-American criminal justice system. Since that time, the United States has severely curtailed Native American power to police and regulate their own tribes. After the Civil War, the national government re-formulated territorial governance to assert greater control over areas of law, including common law, traditionally reserved to local sovereigns, and did so in the service of a nationalizing project. Concerned that local territorial citizens might re-assert their local laws following statehood, Congress placed increasingly stringent conditions on statehood for territories in the West. Finally, the national government asserted robust powers not only over people in the W

摘要： Local governments are becoming an increasingly important arm of governance and public goods provision. As the role of counties and municipalities continues to expand so must our understanding of their inner workings and relationships to an ever changing environment. Important areas of our understanding are in need of revision or investigation in general. To what extent do local governments nested in federalism interact with one another? What are the implications of those interactions, or lack thereof? How has the changing landscape of development affected public service provisions? Does the type of development, in terms of land use, affect particular public service costs? All of these questions are addressed to some degree. Results suggest that most important interaction within local federalism is between the municipalities and the counties above them, although there is weak evidence of municipality to municipality interactions. The geography of development proves itself to be an important factor in the costs of public goods provision, having sometimes conflicting relationships across land uses and the type of public good being provided.

关键词： 信用立法   社会信用   立法权限   完全民事行为能力人  

摘要： 党的十九大报告指出,要推进科学立法、民主立法、依法立法,以良法促善治。当下各地正在推行的社会信用立法,均应以此作为总遵循。社会信用立法,首先必须回答"什么是社会信用"这一基础问题。时下国务院关于信用建设的诸多文件,并没有对"社会信用"进行界定,这并非因为社会信用是个不言自明的概念,而是因为文件本身只负责指引方向,并不设定具体的权利与