课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： 传染病医院   特殊需求   建筑方案   设计   考量  

摘要： 在当今全球化的时代背景下,传染病的爆发与传播对人类健康构成了持续且严峻的威胁.传染病医院作为抗击疫病的前沿阵地,肩负着至关重要的使命.其建筑方案设计绝非普通医疗建筑设计所能等同,需充分考量一系列特殊需求.从公共卫生安全层面看,传染病医院要具备强大的隔离功能,阻止病原体扩散至院外,守护周边社区乃至城市的健康防线.同时,对于医护人员的防护保障要求极高,合理的建筑布局应能最大程度降低他们在救治过程中的感染风险.再者,患者作为弱势群体,不仅需要精准有效的医疗救治空间,还应拥有舒适、人性化且有助于康复的病房环境,以缓解患病带来的身心双重压力.面对传染病的复杂性、多变性,以及社会对医疗服务期望的日益提升,本文深入探究传染病医院特殊需求下的建筑方案设计,为构建更安全、高效、人性化的抗疫堡垒奠定坚实基础.

关键词： Wind energy harvesting   Vortex-induced vibration (VIV)   Piezoelectric effect   Lock-in region  

摘要： A new piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed which employs the coupling effect between a piezoelectric beam and an elastic-supported sphere to capture wind energy from multiple directions. As wind flows across the sphere, it induces vortical vibrations that transfer to the piezoelectric beam, converting wind energy into electricity. A nonlinear coupled dynamic theoretical model based on the Euler-Lagrange equation is developed to study the interactions between the sphere and beam vibrations. The vortex-induced force acting on the sphere is determined, and the dynamic model of the coupled system is validated through experiments. The results show that in order to reach convergence, at least four modes are required in the Galerkin discretization. Moreover, the output performance of the energy harvester strongly depends on the frequency ratio between the sphere and the piezoelectric beam. We find that at a frequency ratio of approximately 1.34, the harvester achieves a maximum average power of 190 mu W at a wind speed of 3.90 m/s, with the lock-in region between 2.63 and 5.30 m/s. Subsequently, the impact of wind flow direction on the electrical performance of the energy harvester is investigated in a wind tunnel, by adjusting the angle between the harvester and incoming flows ranging from 0 degrees to 360 degrees. The findings indicate that the harvester maintains strong and consistent performance across variable wind flow directions and speeds. Particularly within the lock-in region, the output voltage fluctuations are below 5.5%, showcasing the robustness of the design. This result points to the potential utility of this novel harvester in complex environments. Our study also provides a theoretical basis for the development of small-scale offshore wind energy harvesting technologies.

关键词： 日常性学业弹性   学业自我效能感   归因方式   大学生  

摘要： 本研究致力于深入探究大学生的日常性学业弹性、积极归因方式与学业自我效能感的相互关系。研究表明，大学生的学业自我效能感与日常学业弹性具备显著的正向相关性（r=0.887，P0.01）。进一步分析可知，积极的归因方式在日常性学业弹性与学业自我效能感之间发挥了部分中介作用，其中介效应值为1.326，占总体效应的31%。这表明大学生的日常性学业弹性对其学业自我效能感具有双重作用：一方面，日常学业弹性对学业自我效能感具有直接的影响；另一方面，它通过积极归因方式这一中介变量间接地影响学业自我效能感。

摘要： 近年来,伴随国家各项扶持政策的推出与消费者认可度的持续提升,新能源汽车迎来了高速发展.根据中汽协发布数据,2024年我国新能源汽车产销分别完成1288.8万辆和1286.6万辆,同比分别增长34.4％和35.5％,同时目前我国新能源汽车新车销量占比已达到汽车新车总销量的40.9％,而市场规模的持续增长也为产业链中的相关企业带来了巨大需求增量.

关键词： forest restoration   climate change adaptation   forest zoning   ecosystem stewardship   Biodiversity and Conservation Biology   conservation planning   biodiversity protection   forest disturbances   Plant Sciences and Forestry   complex adaptive systems   sustainable forest management   ecological forestry  

ISBN: (数字)9780191871368 ISBN: (纸本)9780198832997

摘要： Forests long have been important to humanity and other species of the planet, providing timber and non-timber resources, innumerable ecosystem services, and supporting biological diversity. The technical determination of requirements for a sustained yield of timber was a revolutionary achievement, which has since been extended to the sustainability of other aspects of forests and diverse human endeavors. Yet the expectations of stasis and constancy make sustainability difficult in a world undergoing rapid changes, necessitating a paradigm shift that accommodates uncertainty and embraces change. Resilience theory and the principles of complex adaptive systems provide a foundation for a resilient and adaptive approach to forest stewardship. The many services, uses, values, and expectations of forest often conflict with each other, requiring bundling into protection, multi-purpose, and timber zones. Applying resistance, recovery, adjustment, reconfiguration, or transformation strategies for resilient forest management is a place-based exercise, addressing local attributes, vulnerabilities, and priorities. Climate change and its stimulation of forest disturbances are priority challenges for which resilience planning and management is needed. The diversity, disturbance regimes, biological legacies, and spatial patterns of natural forests inspire an ecological forestry approach that has the greatest potential for supporting forest resilience, and ultimately the resilience of forest enterprises and forest communities. A long history of deforestation and forest degradation often requires forest restoration to make forests more resilient. With many unknowns and much uncertainty, resilient forest management takes place in an adaptive management context. Resilient forest stewardship is ultimately about people management and must take place within a supportive governance and sociocultural framework.

关键词： 基础隔震结构   调谐惯容电磁阻尼器   随机等效线性化   复振型分析   摩擦摆  

摘要： 为解决强震下摩擦摆基础隔震结构中隔震层位移需求过大的问题，本文提出一种调谐惯容电磁阻尼—摩擦摆组合隔震体系（TIED-FPB）。考虑FPB和电磁阻尼的非线性特征，将FPB隔震结构简化为两自由度体系，建立该组合隔震体系的运动方程。借助FPB和电磁阻尼的随机等效线性化模型构建等效TID-2DOF体系。基于白噪声激励下隔震层位移的H2范数推导等效TID设计频率比和阻尼比的闭合解。结合复振型分析、复完全平方组合（CCQC）和随机振动分析求解等效TID组合隔震体系在功率谱密度激励下隔震层位移和阻尼相对速度的最大值。给定隔震层位移需求目标，通过迭代更新策略得到等效TID的设计质量比。由TID中线性黏滞阻尼的相对速度最大值和阻尼系数确定TIED中电磁阻尼的特征速度和特征阻尼系数，进而实现TIED的需求导向设计。为验证本文所提方法的合理性和TIED-FPB组合隔震体系的抗震性能，在OpenSees中构建电磁阻尼材料模型，根据规范设计谱选择44条地震动对一7层隔震Benchmark模型进行非线性时程分析。结果表明：TIED-FPB组合隔震体系的隔震层变形控制效果和加速度响应的鲁棒性均优于FPB隔震结构。