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关键词： Geostatistics   Groundwater monitoring   Optimization   Groundwater maps   India  

摘要： Groundwater monitoring networks are pivotal in water resource management, aiding sustainable utilization and policy formulation. However, the costs associated with establishing and maintaining such networks are considerable, and existing data often needs to be more utilized for decision-making. This inefficiency is exacerbated by the pitfalls of improper interpolation techniques and the undue influence of densely monitored areas on estimates. In the case of Punjab State, which heavily relies on groundwater for agricultural and domestic needs, the absence of a robust configuration of observation wells and accurate spatio-temporal trend mapping presents a significant knowledge gap. This study evaluates kriging (ordinary kriging) and co-kriging geostatistical techniques, employing various semi-variogram models (exponential, Gaussian, circular, spherical, etc.), for precise spatial mapping of groundwater behavior using distinct statistical error parameters. The Gaussian model, coupled with ordinary kriging, emerged as the best geostatistical approach for interpolating hydraulic heads. The research optimized the groundwater monitoring network by utilizing standard prediction error maps, resulting in the identification of 237 new well locations and the existence of 18 redundant well sites. The study concluded that a monitoring well spacing of 7.5 km is essential for achieving accurate groundwater mapping. These findings offer valuable insights to planners and policymakers, enhancing regional understanding of groundwater resources.

关键词： Bangladesh   cooperation   cross-border solutions   hydro-hegemony   India   river water conflict   transboundary water relations   跨边界水关系   印度   孟加拉国   合作   水霸权   河流水冲突   Relaciones hídricas transfronterizas   India   Bangladesh   cooperación   hidrohegemonía   conflicto por el agua de los ríos  

摘要： This study critically examines the water relations between India and Bangladesh, a region acutely impacted by water scarcity due to population growth and climate change. Utilizing the theoretical lens of Neoliberal Institutionalism, the research explores whether India's management of shared water resources reflects dominance or cooperation. Through rigorous analysis of bilateral agreements and cooperative frameworks, significant instances of collaboration are identified, challenging the prevailing narrative of India's hegemony. By comparing India's practices with international standards, the study reveals substantial potential for mutual benefits through cooperative mechanisms. The research exemplifies how India, despite regional challenges, has advanced cross-border solutions, offering a model for international water management and cooperation. This study underlines the importance of re-evaluating India's role, promoting cooperation over conflict, and serves as a vital reference for policy makers and scholars in the realm of global water politics. 本研究批判性地审视了印度与孟加拉国之间的水关系, 该地区因人口增长和气候变化而受到水短缺的严重影响。本研究利用新自由制度主义的理论视角, 探究了印度对共享水资源的管理究竟是体现了主导性还是合作。通过对双边协议和合作框架进行严谨分析, 识别了重要的合作实例, 挑战了印度霸权这一主流叙事。通过将印度的实践与国际标准进行比较, 本研究揭示了通过合作机制实现互利的巨大潜力。本研究表明, 尽管面临地区挑战, 印度仍推进了跨境解决方案, 为国际水管理与合作提供了一种模式。本研究强调了“重新评价印度的作用、促进合作而非冲突”一事的重要性, 并为全球水政治领域的决策者和学者提供了重要参考。 Este estudio examina críticamente las relaciones hídricas entre India y Bangladesh, una región gravemente afectada por la escasez de agua debido al crecimiento demográfico y el cambio climático. Utilizando la lente teórica del institucionalismo neoliberal, la investigación explora si la gestión de los recursos hídricos compartidos por parte de la India refleja dominio o cooperación. A través de un análisis riguroso de los acuerdos bilaterales y los marcos de cooperación, se identifican casos significativos de colaboración que desafían la narrativa predominante de la hegemonía de la India. Al comparar las prácticas de la India con los es

关键词： 高铁站房   类型选择   站城融合  

摘要： 现代高铁站房类型的选择对站城融合有着深远的影响,高铁站房不仅要起到城市纽带的作用,还要有机缝合城市,成为城市发展的重要节点和展示窗口.在站城融合理念下,建筑师需要更全面地考虑两者之间的关系,通过不同站房形式选择,研究城市与站房空间的复合程度,推动站房周边城市的持续发展.为此,文章对高铁站房类型和站城融合进行简要阐述,并以南沙高铁站概念性方案设计为例,深入研究高铁站房与站城融合关系,以期为相关人员提供重要参考.

摘要： 随着全球人口的持续增长,海洋与淡水资源在保障全球食品安全和营养健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用.在这样的背景下,水产养殖业迅速崛起,成为满足人类对鱼类及其他水生产品不断增长需求的关键途径.