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摘要： The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand the lived experiences of Air Force intelligence professionals who decide to pursue a college degree. The study focused on the experiences of 10 current Air Force intelligence professionals who have completed an intelligence studies (or related) program and are currently serving in an intelligence operations group. The philosophical foundation used in this study was Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenology, and the secondary theoretical framework that was applied was the expectancy-value theory, which provides the underlying constructs and propositions for how Air Force intelligence professionals make sense of their careers. Lived experiences of Air Force intelligence professionals were collected through interviews, document analysis, and focus groups. Explication was centered on generating interviews, synthesizing situated narratives into general narratives, and generating general descriptions that produced thematic analysis appropriate to hermeneutic phenomenology. This study focused on the gap regarding the unknown lived experiences of Air Force intelligence professionals' pursuit of higher education. Through the collection of data, the themes that were identified from the collection of interviews were Convenience and Transferability, Marketability, and Outlier Data and Findings.

摘要： Textbooks are used widely in classrooms all around the world. Some teachers treat their textbooks as the curriculum and plan their entire teaching according to the textbook. Hence, textbooks should meet the teaching needs of the teachers, while at the same time meeting the learning needs of students. This study aims to compare the genetics-related chapters of four selected biology textbooks widely used in Turkish classrooms: two used by the Ministry of Education (MoNE) and two used for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP). The textbooks were evaluated according to the criteria published by Turkish Board of Education (TTKB). In addition, the online materials provided with the textbooks and introduction of Nature of Science (NoS) in these textbooks were investigated. The analysis was done on genetics-related chapters, using qualitative content analysis for data collection. The findings of the study showed that all four of the textbooks generally complied with the criteria, however there were some discrepancies. There were some scientific mistakes in both IBDP textbooks. Similarly, there were mistakes in the online materials provided by MoNE textbooks. Finally, the introduction of NoS was analyzed using a modified framework. The findings showed that none of the textbooks had balanced representation of NoS. Overall, none of the textbooks fully complied with the criteria. Thus, teachers and students should be mindful of the findings of this study when using these textbooks for their teaching and learning.

关键词： BOPPPS   医学遗传学   微课   教学改革  

摘要： 医学遗传学是高等医学教育的一门重要基础课程,是研究遗传病发生机理、遗传方式、诊断、治疗和预防的学科.如何体现以学生为中心,提高教学质量,是医学遗传学授课中亟待解决的问题.本文以"唐氏综合征"为例,基于BOPPPS教学模式进行微课课程设计,初步探讨该模式在医学遗传学教学改革中的效果.

关键词： Host–parasite interaction   Evolution   Ecology   Genetics   Immunology   Strategies   Integrative study   Diversity   Epidemiology   Host–parasite interaction   Evolution   Ecology   Genetics   Immunology   Strategies   Integrative study   Diversity   Epidemiology  

ISBN: (数字)9780191870873 ISBN: (纸本)9780198832140

摘要： Parasites are ubiquitous and shape almost every aspect of their hosts, including physiology, behaviour, life histories, the structure of the microbiota, and entire communities. Hence, parasitism is one of the most potent forces in nature and, without parasites, the world would look very different. The book gives an overview over the parasite groups and the diversity of defences that hosts have evolved, such as immune systems. Principles of evolutionary biology and ecology analyse major elements of host–parasite interactions, including virulence, infection processes, tolerance, resistance, specificity, memory, polymorphisms, within-host dynamics, diseases spaces, and many other aspects. Genetics is always one of the key elements in these topics. Modelling, furthermore, can predict best strategies for host and parasites. Similarly, the spread of an infectious disease in epidemiology combines with molecular data and genomics. Furthermore, parasites have evolved ways to overcome defences and to manipulate their hosts. Hosts and parasites, therefore, continuously co-evolve, with changes sometimes occurring very rapidly, and sometimes requiring geological times. Many infectious diseases of humans have emerged from a zoonotic origin, in processes governed by the basic principles discussed in the different sections. Hence, this book integrates different fields to study the diversity of host–parasite processes and phenomena. It summarizes the essential topics for the study of evolutionary parasitology and will be useful for a broad audience.

标准号: T/GDPMAA 0007-2021

关键词： 羊肚菌   群体遗传学   遗传多样性   遗传结构   家系关系   基因组进化  

摘要： 羊肚菌Morchella esculenta是子囊菌亚门的一种大型药食两用真菌,具有重要的经济价值和药用价值。然而近年来全球气候变化,导致羊肚菌属物种的栖息地破碎和片段化,加上消费者对羊肚菌美食的喜爱,过渡采挖造成羊肚菌属野生资源急剧减少,因此,急需对羊肚菌属物种资源进行保护。遗传多样性的时空分布是保护生物学的重要内容,遗传多样性关系到一个物种或类群的进化潜力和未来命运。生物基因组和进化的研究能够辅助挖掘物种深层次的优异基因资源,有利于从本质上对物种进行科学保护。从羊肚菌属的遗传多样性、遗传结构和家系关系以及基因组进化等的研究进展进行综述,以期为羊肚菌属资源的科学保护提供重要依据。

关键词： 伴骨髓增生异常相关改变的急性髓系白血病   细胞遗传学   分子生物学   研究进展  

摘要： 伴骨髓增生异常相关改变的急性髓系白血病(AML-MRC)是以骨髓增生异常样表现为特征的急性髓系白血病(AML)亚型,其细胞遗传学及分子生物学特征具有很大的异质性。AML-MRC的异常染色体核型与骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)特异性染色体核型基本相符,反映了MDS的细胞遗传学特性,主要包括-5/5q-、-7/7q-染色体异常,t(v;5q33)/t(3;5)染色体异常,t(v;11q23)染色体异常,复杂核型(3个及以上无关染色体异常)。AML-MRC还保留了MDS的分子生物学特征,该病与ASXL1和U2AF1基因突变显著相关,且较易出现TP53突变,共突变在一定程度上也反映了其发生、发展的进程。综合考虑特征性的染色体异常和基因突变对于预测AML-MRC患者预后具有重要的临床价值。本文就AML-MRC细胞遗传学及分子生物学研究进展作一综述。

关键词： 无精子症   生殖激素   染色体异常核型   精液检查  

摘要： 目的:分析无精子症患者的外周血染色体核型与血清生殖激素水平的关系。方法:选取2016年1月~2019年10月份间在我院男科门诊进行就诊的986例无精子症患者为病例组,另选同期在本院进行精液检查的2020例正常男性为对照组,两组均进行外周血染色体核型分析和血清生殖激素水平检测。结果:986例无精子症患者中异常染色体核型检出232例,异常核型检出率为23.53%;2020例对照组中异常染色体核型检出51例,异常核型检出率为2.52%,两组具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。无精子症组中性染色体异常核型检出213例,占染色体异常核型总数的91.81%,其中核型47,XXY最常见,共检出162例,占异常核型总数的69.83%;常染色体异常核型10例,占异常核型总数的4.31%;另外,检出性反转8例,占异常核型总数的3.45%;核型47,XY,+mar检出1例,占异常核型总数的0.43%。无精子症组的FSH、LH和PRL水平明显高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.01),T水平明显低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.01),两组E2水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。但无精子症组中异常核型的E2水平低于对照组,且两组具有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:无精子症与染色体核型异常和生殖激素水平有密切关系。