新型冠状病毒肺炎——专题资源库

COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for the emergency physician

Holland, Michael Zaloga, Debra J. Friderici, Charles S. 

《Visual Journal of Emergency Medicine》  2020年 19卷 100740-100740页

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A Fightfor COVID-19 by China Daily Chemical Industry

Wang Wanxu 

《China Detergent & Cosmetics》  2020年 第1期5卷 3-3页

Dear readers:At the beginning of 2020,a sudden“storm”swept across China—the outbreak of COVID-19 of Wuhan City,Hubei Province,spread rapidly in the whole *** the face of this crisis,all the parties within China’s daily chemical industry actively responded to the event and meticulously organized for assisting,played a vital role and became the indispensable backbone of the fight against the outbreak of COVID-19.

Dear readers:At the beginning of 2020,a sudden“storm”swept across China—the outbreak of COVID-19 of Wuhan City,Hubei Province,spread rapidly in the whole *** the face of this crisis,all the parties within China’s daily chemical industry actively responded to the event and meticulously organized for assisting,played a vital role and became the indispensable backbone of the fight against the outbreak of COVID-19.

关键词： backbone   Daily   parties  

来源： 维普期刊服务平台

26例新型冠状病毒肺炎重症患者护理体会

张婷 王冬梅 

《上海护理》  2020年 第3期20卷 23-25页

文章回顾了2019年12月-2020年2月期间在湖北省武汉市汉口医院接受治疗的新型冠状病毒肺炎重症患者26例,分析其临床特点,并总结了临床护理措施,以期为广大医护人员提供参考。

文章回顾了2019年12月-2020年2月期间在湖北省武汉市汉口医院接受治疗的新型冠状病毒肺炎重症患者26例,分析其临床特点,并总结了临床护理措施,以期为广大医护人员提供参考。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   重症患者   护理  

来源： 维普期刊服务平台

World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)

Sohrabi, Catrin Alsafi, Zaid O'Neill, Niamh Khan, Mehdi Kerwan, Ahmed Al-Jabir, Ahmed Iosifidis, Christos Agha, Riaz 

《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY》  2020年 76卷 71-76页

An unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan City, Hubei province in China emerged in December 2019. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent and was subsequently termed COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Considered a relative of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is caused by a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 that affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia i...

An unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan City, Hubei province in China emerged in December 2019. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent and was subsequently termed COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Considered a relative of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is caused by a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 that affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia in humans. Despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the incidence of COVID-19 continues to rise, with 90,870 laboratory-confirmed cases and over 3,000 deaths worldwide. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the current state of knowledge surrounding COVID-19.

关键词： Novel coronavirus   Wuhan   Viral transmission   Global health emergency   COVID-19  

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Looming threat of COVID-19 infection in Africa: act collectively, and fast

Nkengasong, John N. Mankoula, Wessam 

《LANCET》  2020年 第10227期395卷 841-842页

Because of the high volume of air traffic and trade between China and Africa,1 Africa is at a high risk for the introduction and spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); although only Egypt has reported the first case, from a non-national.2 The greatest concern for public health experts is whether COVID-19 will become a pandemic, with sustained year-round transmission, similar to influenza, as is now being observed in several countries.3 What might happen to Africa—where most...

Because of the high volume of air traffic and trade between China and Africa,1 Africa is at a high risk for the introduction and spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); although only Egypt has reported the first case, from a non-national.2 The greatest concern for public health experts is whether COVID-19 will become a pandemic, with sustained year-round transmission, similar to influenza, as is now being observed in several countries.3 What might happen to Africa—where most countries have weak health-care systems, including inadequate surveillance and laboratory capacity, scarcity of public health human resources, and limited financial means—if a pandemic occurs?The partnership has six work streams: laboratory diagnosis and subtyping; surveillance, including screening at points of entry and cross-border activities; infection prevention and control in health-care facilities; clinical management of people with severe COVID-19; risk communication; and supply-chain management and stockpiles.Because mitigating the potential spread of COVID-19 in Africa will require rapid detection and containment, the laboratory work streams of AFTCOR, Africa CDC, and WHO are working closely to expeditiously scale up diagnostic testing capacity linked to enhanced surveillance and monitoring—eg, at the beginning of February, only two countries in Africa had the diagnostic capacity to test for COVID-19.[...]commitment and release of financial resources from partners and donors before a crisis hits Africa will help anticipate demand and address supply chain management, mapping, and stockpiling of COVID-19 response needs, such as large quantities of personal protective equipment, gloves, surgical masks, coveralls, and hoods, and medical countermeasures like antiviral agents.

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国际公共卫生紧急事件的知识产权应对策略——以2019“新冠肺炎”疫情为例

王瑞 高婧 

《中国发明与专利》  2020年 第3期17卷 79-86页

2019年中国武汉爆发的“新冠肺炎”疫情被世界卫生组织评估为国际公共卫生紧急事件,该事件对中国政治经济生活等各方面造成了巨大的影响。掌握应对疫情的特效药是应对这一疫情的关键,而围绕抗疫药品所产生的知识产权问题更是需要中国政府积极应对。我国应当制订从微观药品专利申请到宏观制度层面分层次、分步骤的解决方案。从内源动力来看,掌握药品的完全或部分专利有利于与外国企业实现交叉许可和相互制衡;从外源支撑来看,落实药品专利强制许可制度、确立药品平行进口制度将有助于提高抗疫药品的可及性。从多方面共同努力,为我国应对国...

2019年中国武汉爆发的“新冠肺炎”疫情被世界卫生组织评估为国际公共卫生紧急事件,该事件对中国政治经济生活等各方面造成了巨大的影响。掌握应对疫情的特效药是应对这一疫情的关键,而围绕抗疫药品所产生的知识产权问题更是需要中国政府积极应对。我国应当制订从微观药品专利申请到宏观制度层面分层次、分步骤的解决方案。从内源动力来看,掌握药品的完全或部分专利有利于与外国企业实现交叉许可和相互制衡;从外源支撑来看,落实药品专利强制许可制度、确立药品平行进口制度将有助于提高抗疫药品的可及性。从多方面共同努力,为我国应对国际公共卫生紧急事件争取更有利的机会与地位。

关键词： 国际公共卫生紧急事件   2019   新冠肺炎   强制许可   平行进口  

来源： 维普期刊服务平台

Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of COVID-19: a modelling study

Gilbert, Marius Pullano, Giulia Pinotti, Francesco Valdano, Eugenio Poletto, Chiara Boelle, Pierre-Yves D'Ortenzio, Eric Yazdanpanah, Yazdan Eholie, Serge Paul Altmann, Mathias Gutierrez, Bernardo Kraemer, Moritz U. G. Colizza, Vittoria 

《LANCET》  2020年 第10227期395卷 871-877页

Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has spread from China to 25 countries. Local cycles of transmission have already occurred in 12 countries after case importation. In Africa, Egypt has so far confirmed one case. The management and control of COVID-19 importations heavily rely on a country's health capacity. Here we evaluate the preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against their risk of importation of COVID-19. Methods We used data on the volume o...

Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has spread from China to 25 countries. Local cycles of transmission have already occurred in 12 countries after case importation. In Africa, Egypt has so far confirmed one case. The management and control of COVID-19 importations heavily rely on a country's health capacity. Here we evaluate the preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against their risk of importation of COVID-19. Methods We used data on the volume of air travel departing from airports in the infected provinces in China and directed to Africa to estimate the risk of importation per country. We determined the country's capacity to detect and respond to cases with two indicators: preparedness, using the WHO International Health Regulations Monitoring and Evaluation Framework;and vulnerability, using the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index. Countries were clustered according to the Chinese regions contributing most to their risk. Findings Countries with the highest importation risk (ie, Egypt, Algeria, and South Africa) have moderate to high capacity to respond to outbreaks. Countries at moderate risk (ie, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, Angola, Tanzania, Ghana, and Kenya) have variable capacity and high vulnerability. We identified three clusters of countries that share the same exposure to the risk originating from the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, and the city of Beijing, respectively. Interpretation Many countries in Africa are stepping up their preparedness to detect and cope with COVID-19 importations. Resources, intensified surveillance, and capacity building should be urgently prioritised in countries with moderate risk that might be ill-prepared to detect imported cases and to limit onward transmission. Funding EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020, Agence Nationale de la Recherche. Copyright (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Did the hesitancy in declaring COVID-19 a pandemic reflect a need to redefine the term?

Green, Manfred S. 

《LANCET》  2020年 第10229期395卷 1034-1035页

The resources for controlling a pandemic are both different, substantially larger, and generally much more far-reaching than for a localised outbreak or epidemic.[...]the terms used for the different situations could be restricted according to the control measures that are necessary.If the use of the term pandemic is delayed too long, the declaration of the pandemic could convey a message to the public that the authorities have lost control, generating irrational panic reactions.Since it is e...

The resources for controlling a pandemic are both different, substantially larger, and generally much more far-reaching than for a localised outbreak or epidemic.[...]the terms used for the different situations could be restricted according to the control measures that are necessary.If the use of the term pandemic is delayed too long, the declaration of the pandemic could convey a message to the public that the authorities have lost control, generating irrational panic reactions.Since it is expected, and even perhaps desirable, that the public experience some fear during a pandemic, an early declaration of a pandemic might be helpful in mitigating panic.Since there continues to be a lack of consensus about when it is appropriate to use the term pandemic, I suggest that a multi-disciplinary group of epidemiologists, infectious disease specialists, risk communicators and health administrators be convened to create new, clearer, expanded definitions of the terms outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic.

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基于病证结合角度探析新型冠状病毒肺炎的中西医结合诊疗模式

胡雯婷 戴红 

《中医学报》  2020年 第3期35卷 501-503页

随着现代医学的实时发展和疾病谱的不断变化,以西医之辨病合中医之辨证的现代病证结合模式成为新型冠状病毒肺炎论治方法的焦点。"正气存内"与现代医学提倡的增强机体免疫力思路相同,"避其毒气"则强调未感染者的预防及自我保护措施。基于西医诊断的辨病思路与疾病的发病共性、核心病机,形成辨病专方清肺排毒汤。新型冠状病毒肺炎可分4个阶段分型论治:①轻型:寒湿郁肺证以麻杏石甘汤加减芳香燥湿、泻肺平喘之药,湿热蕴肺证以达原饮加减;②普通型:湿毒郁肺证以麻杏石甘汤、葶苈大枣泻肺汤为基础加减,寒湿阻肺证用药组方以散寒祛湿药为核心...

随着现代医学的实时发展和疾病谱的不断变化,以西医之辨病合中医之辨证的现代病证结合模式成为新型冠状病毒肺炎论治方法的焦点。"正气存内"与现代医学提倡的增强机体免疫力思路相同,"避其毒气"则强调未感染者的预防及自我保护措施。基于西医诊断的辨病思路与疾病的发病共性、核心病机,形成辨病专方清肺排毒汤。新型冠状病毒肺炎可分4个阶段分型论治:①轻型:寒湿郁肺证以麻杏石甘汤加减芳香燥湿、泻肺平喘之药,湿热蕴肺证以达原饮加减;②普通型:湿毒郁肺证以麻杏石甘汤、葶苈大枣泻肺汤为基础加减,寒湿阻肺证用药组方以散寒祛湿药为核心;③重型:疫毒闭肺证以麻杏石甘汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤加芳香燥湿益气扶正之品,气营两燔证以白虎汤合犀角地黄汤为基础、配合中药注射剂联用;④危重型:内闭外脱证以扶阳益气养阴之药物送服苏合香丸或安宫牛黄丸,配合中药注射液以醒神开窍。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   病证结合   专病专方   分期论治   中西医结合  

来源： 维普期刊服务平台

从国医大师邓铁涛治“非典”经验探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎中医诊疗思路

张巍岚 王相东 王郁金 谭从娥 

《中医学报》  2020年 第3期35卷 483-486页

新型冠状病毒肺炎的疾病属性为瘟疫毒邪,病因为疠气、邪盛、正虚,病机为寒湿袭肺,郁热化毒,致病因素为寒、湿、热、毒、瘀、虚。治疗当根据具体阶段合理辨证,扶正祛邪,使邪有出路。早期:病机主要为湿邪遏肺、卫气同病,治疗上当以化湿解表退热为主,方选藿香正气散合柴葛解肌汤加减;中期:病机主要为表邪入里化热、邪伏膜原,治疗当以清除里热、邪透膜原,方选三消饮合小柴胡汤加减。极期:病机为邪毒闭肺、内闭外脱,治疗当以解热解毒,宣肺开闭。内闭外脱者应清心开窍、回阳救脱。邪毒闭肺选五虎汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤;内闭外脱选生脉饮、参附汤...

新型冠状病毒肺炎的疾病属性为瘟疫毒邪,病因为疠气、邪盛、正虚,病机为寒湿袭肺,郁热化毒,致病因素为寒、湿、热、毒、瘀、虚。治疗当根据具体阶段合理辨证,扶正祛邪,使邪有出路。早期:病机主要为湿邪遏肺、卫气同病,治疗上当以化湿解表退热为主,方选藿香正气散合柴葛解肌汤加减;中期:病机主要为表邪入里化热、邪伏膜原,治疗当以清除里热、邪透膜原,方选三消饮合小柴胡汤加减。极期:病机为邪毒闭肺、内闭外脱,治疗当以解热解毒,宣肺开闭。内闭外脱者应清心开窍、回阳救脱。邪毒闭肺选五虎汤合葶苈大枣泻肺汤;内闭外脱选生脉饮、参附汤配合安宫牛黄丸,结合西医急救治疗效果更佳。恢复期:病机主要为邪去正虚、湿退未尽,治疗当益气扶正、健脾祛湿,方选沙参麦冬汤合参苓白术散加减。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   非典型性肺炎   邓铁涛   辨证论治  

来源： 维普期刊服务平台

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者抗病毒治疗的药学监护:基于试行第七版诊疗方案

陈丽坪 吴燕 金澄滔 吴圣洁 

《中国现代应用药学》  2020年 第5期37卷 549-554页

合并基础疾病的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者用药较多,为尽可能减少药物间的相互作用、提升药物治疗效果、减少患者药物不良反应发生率,本文对国家卫生健康委员会《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》纳入的抗病毒药物与其他治疗药物之间可能存在的药物相互作用进行阐述,并提供药学监护建议,以期为临床合理用药提供建议。

合并基础疾病的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者用药较多,为尽可能减少药物间的相互作用、提升药物治疗效果、减少患者药物不良反应发生率,本文对国家卫生健康委员会《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》纳入的抗病毒药物与其他治疗药物之间可能存在的药物相互作用进行阐述,并提供药学监护建议,以期为临床合理用药提供建议。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   基础疾病   药物相互作用   药学监护  

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APA poll finds nearly half anxious about getting COVID-19

Valerie A. Canady 

《Mental Health Weekly》  2020年 第13期30卷

Nearly half of Americans (48%) are anxious about the possibility of getting COVID-19, and nearly four in 10 Americans (40%) are anxious about becoming seriously ill or dying from it, according to a new national poll released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) March 15. However, many more Americans (62%) are anxious about the possibility of family and loved ones getting the coronavirus, the APA stated.

Nearly half of Americans (48%) are anxious about the possibility of getting COVID-19, and nearly four in 10 Americans (40%) are anxious about becoming seriously ill or dying from it, according to a new national poll released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) March 15. However, many more Americans (62%) are anxious about the possibility of family and loved ones getting the coronavirus, the APA stated.

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First case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in Taiwan

Cheng, Shao-Chung Chang, Yuan-Chia Chiang, Yu-Long Fan Chien, Yu-Chan Cheng, Mingte Yang, Chin-Hua Huang, Chia-Husn Hsu, Yuan-Nian 

《JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION》  2020年 第3期119卷 747-751页

An outbreak of respiratory illness proved to be infected by a 2019 novel coronavirus, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), was notified first in Wuhan, China, and has spread rapidly in China and to other parts of the world. Herein, we reported the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) imported from China in Taiwan. This case report revealed a natural course of NCP with self-recovery, which may be a good example in comparison with medical treatments. Copyri...

An outbreak of respiratory illness proved to be infected by a 2019 novel coronavirus, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), was notified first in Wuhan, China, and has spread rapidly in China and to other parts of the world. Herein, we reported the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) imported from China in Taiwan. This case report revealed a natural course of NCP with self-recovery, which may be a good example in comparison with medical treatments. Copyright (C) 2020, Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.

关键词： COVID-19   First case   Pneumonia   Taiwan  

来源： PubMed MEDLINE期刊 ScienceDirect Journa...

DEA, SAMHSA relax OTP/OBOT regulations due to COVID-19

Alison Knopf 

《Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly》  2020年 第12期32卷

Opioid treatment programs (OTPs) that dispense methadone got a fast and clear reprieve from federal authorities last week in the face of COVID-19. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) issued policies that give OTPs flexibility in take-homes, limiting the frequency of face-to-face contact and opportunities for transmission of COVID-19. There is also greater flexibility for office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) with ...

Opioid treatment programs (OTPs) that dispense methadone got a fast and clear reprieve from federal authorities last week in the face of COVID-19. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) issued policies that give OTPs flexibility in take-homes, limiting the frequency of face-to-face contact and opportunities for transmission of COVID-19. There is also greater flexibility for office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) with buprenorphine.

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